HBK-14 and HBK-15 with antidepressant-like and/or memory-enhancing properties increase serotonin levels in the hippocampus after chronic treatment in mice.

5-HT and 5-HT receptor ligands might have antidepressant-like properties and improve cognitive function. We previously reported significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of two dual 5-HT and 5-HT receptor antagonists in various behavioral tests in rodents. As a continuation of our previous experiments, in this study we aimed to investigate whether chronic administration of 1-[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-14) and 1-[(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-15) caused antidepressant-like effects and elevated serotonin levels in the murine hippocampus.

3-[4-(3-Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one and pregabalin attenuate tactile allodynia in the mouse model of chronic constriction injury.

Purpose: There is a strong medical demand to search for novel, more efficacious and safer than available, analgesics for the treatment of neuropathic pain. This study investigated antinociceptive activity of intraperitoneally administered 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one (LPP1) and pregabalin in the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain in mice and evaluated these drugs' influence on motor coordination. In addition, microscopic examinations of the sciatic nerve were performed to assess, if a surgical method or drug treatment caused changes in the structure of this nerve.

Influence of analgesic active 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one on the antioxidant status, glucose utilization and lipid accumulation in some in vitro and ex vivo assays.

Purpose: Earlier we demonstrated that 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one (LPP1) elevates nociceptive thresholds in the mouse model of diabetic neuropathic pain. Since drug-induced impairments of glucose and lipid metabolism and the oxidative stress might diminish benefits from analgesia achieved by analgesic drugs used in diabetic neuropathy, the effect of LPP1 on glucose utilization, lipid accumulation and its antioxidant and cytotoxic potential were assessed in some in vitro and ex vivo tests.

Methods: Total antioxidant capacity was evaluated spectrophotometrically using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method, whereas the activities of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase and reductase were measured using methods based on the oxidation of NADPH to NADP.

Evaluation of antinociceptive and antioxidant properties of 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one in mice.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one (LPP1) on nociceptive thresholds in mouse models of persistent pain. Influence of LPP1 on motor coordination and its antioxidant capacity in mouse brain tissue homogenates were also assessed. Pain sensitivity thresholds in animals treated with LPP1 were established using 5 % formalin solution in normoglycemic mice and in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mice in the von Frey, hot plate, innocuous, and noxious cold water tests (water at 10 °C and 4 °C, respectively).

A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing effectiveness of two nasal continuous positive airway pressure devices in very-low-birth-weight infants.

Objective: Many studies suggest nasal continuous positive airway pressure is an effective and relatively complication-free means of respiratory support in premature infants. However, only limited data exist regarding the practical aspects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure delivery, including the best way to provide the positive airway pressure.

Design: Our aim was to compare the results of treatment using two different nasal continuous positive airway pressure devices: variable flow Infant Flow and constant flow nasal continuous positive airway pressure in two different groups of very-low-birth-weight infants in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

[Fungi isolated from the stool in patients with gastrointestinal disorders in 2005 - 2009].

The mycological examination of 2242 stool specimens sampled form patients with non-specific gastrointestinal tract ailments was focused on the spectrum of fungal species isolated in culture, the frequency of isolation of the particular species high enough to indicate microbiological imbalance in the gut flora as well as evaluation of the fungal susceptibility to the antifungal agents. Fungal presence was detected in 61.5% of the specimens tested.

The incidence of Streptococcus Group B in 100 parturient women and the transmission of pathogens to the newborn.

Objectives: Perinatal infections are one of the fundamental causes of early puerperal complications in mothers and neonates. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of Streptococcus group B (GBS) colonization in parturient women and the rate of pathogen transmission to the newborn.

Material And Methods: The study group consisted of 100 consecutive parturient women and their newborns.

[Selected ethical problems in neonatology -- opinions of physicians and nurses based on questionnaire study].

Unlabelled: AIM OF THIS PAPER: To present the opinions of doctors and nurses on the limitations of resuscitation and treatment of extremely premature newborns.

Material And Methods: Anonymous questionnaire studies were carried out in 342 doctors and 1194 nurses from 6 provinces of Poland. The authors compared the answers of doctors and nurses as well as the answers form different provinces.

[Giant placental angioma with polyhydramnios, high level of alpha-fetoprotein and neonatal congenital lactic acidosis].

Placental tumors are rare in pregnancy. They cause nonspecific complications such as polyhydramnios, fetal anemia, fetal thrombocytopenia and cardiac decompensation with non-immunological hydrops fetalis. In the presented case a very large placental hemangioma was connected with polyhydramnios, premature delivery, fetal anemia and thrombocytopenia, maternal serum alpha fetoprotein elevation and congenital lactic acidosis.

Postembryonal development of the testes in cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Noctuidae, Lepidoptera).

During postembryonal development of males of Spodoptera littoralis the paired four-follicular larval testes undergo fusion and torsion, forming in the prepupal stage one gonad composed of eight testicular follicles. From the 6th larval till early pupal stage, the interior of the testicular follicles is divided into the following zones: 1) germarium with apical complex (an apical cell and two kinds of spermatogonia); 2) a zone, in which the single spermatogonia become surrounded by somatic cells, thus forming spermatogonial cysts; 3) a zone in which the spermatogonia inside the cysts undergo six incomplete mitotic divisions to form a syncytium of 64 spermatocytes (eupyrene spermatocytes with spherical nuclei or apyrene ones with polymorphic nuclei); 4) a zone, in which the spermatocytes transform into eupyrene or apyrene spermatids (256 per one cyst). In the mid-period of pupal stage two events occur: the apical cell in germarium degenerates and the eupyrene spermatogenesis ends.