Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often presents with neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement, including cognitive impairment and depression. Past magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in SLE patients showed smaller hippocampal volumes but did not investigate other medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions. Our study aims to compare MTL subregional volumes in SLE patients to healthy individuals (HI) and explore MTL subregional volumes in relation to neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) manifestations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Prenatal development of autonomic innervation of sinus venosus-related structures might be related to atrial arrhythmias later in life. Most of the pioneering studies providing embryological background are conducted in animal models. To date, a detailed comparison with the human cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS) is lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory and is one of the first structures affected by Alzheimer's disease. Postmortem MRI offers a way to quantify the alterations by measuring the atrophy of the inner structures of the hippocampus. Unfortunately, the manual segmentation of hippocampal subregions required to carry out these measures is very time-consuming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical details in vivo, the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMRI allows brain anatomy to be examined at high resolution and to link pathology measures with morphometric measurements. However, automated segmentation methods for brain mapping in postmortem MRI are not well developed, primarily due to limited availability of labeled datasets, and heterogeneity in scanner hardware and acquisition protocols. In this work, we present a high-resolution dataset of 135 postmortem human brain tissue specimens imaged at 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: We examined the relations of misfolded alpha synuclein (α-synuclein) with Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers in two large independent cohorts.
Methods: We included Biomarkers for Identifying Neurodegenerative Disorders Early and Reliably Two (BioFINDER-2) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants (n = 2315, cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, AD dementia) who had cross-sectional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein measurement from seed-amplification assay as well as cross-sectional and longitudinal amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau levels (measured in CSF and/or by positron emission tomography). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and cognitive status.
Importance: The lack of an in vivo measure for α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology until recently has limited thorough characterization of its brain atrophy pattern, especially during early disease stages.
Objective: To assess the association of state-of-the-art cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) seed amplification assays (SAA) α-syn positivity (SAA α-syn+) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural measures, across the continuum from clinically unimpaired (CU) to cognitively impaired (CI) individuals, in 3 independent cohorts, and separately in CU and CI individuals, the latter reflecting a memory clinic population.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Cross-sectional data were used from the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study (inclusion, 2017-2023) as the discovery cohort and the Swedish BioFINDER-1 study (inclusion, 2007-2015) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; inclusion 2005-2022) as replication cohorts.
The sharing of human neuroimaging data has great potential to accelerate the development of imaging biomarkers in neurological and psychiatric disorders; however, major obstacles remain in terms of how and why to share data in the Open Science context. In this Health Policy by the European Cluster for Imaging Biomarkers, we outline the current main opportunities and challenges based on the results of an online survey disseminated among senior scientists in the field. Although the scientific community fully recognises the importance of data sharing, technical, legal, and motivational aspects often prevent active adoption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Volumetry of subregions in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) computed from automatic segmentation in MRI can track neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. However, image quality may vary in MRI. Poor quality MR images can lead to unreliable segmentation of MTL subregions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is hypothesized to be relatively spared in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). Yet, detailed examination of MTL subfield volumes and drivers of atrophy in amnestic EOAD is lacking.
Methods: BioFINDER-2 participants with memory impairment, abnormal amyloid-β status and tau-PET were included.
(1) Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a valuable cell model to study the bone pathology of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), a rare genetic collagen-related disorder characterized by bone fragility and skeletal dysplasia. We aimed to generate a novel OI induced mesenchymal stem cell (iMSC) model from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from human dermal fibroblasts. For the first time, OI iMSCs generation was based on an intermediate neural crest cell (iNCC) stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
February 2024
Background And Objective: The heart is under strict regulation of the autonomic nervous system, during which, in a healthy state, the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic branches are balanced. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in pathological remodeling and outgrowth of cardiac autonomic nerves in relation to arrhythmogenesis. However, the small size of the cardiac nerves in relatively large tissues renders research using histological quantification of these nerves extremely challenging and usually relies on quantification of the nerve density in selected regions of interest only.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe amygdala was highlighted as an early site for neurofibrillary tau tangle pathology in Alzheimer's disease in the seminal 1991 article by Braak and Braak. This knowledge has, however, only received traction recently with advances in imaging and image analysis techniques. Here, we provide a cross-disciplinary overview of pathology and neuroimaging studies on the amygdala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical details , the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Variability in relationship of tau-based neurofibrillary tangles (T) and neurodegeneration (N) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) arises from non-specific nature of N, modulated by non-AD co-pathologies, age-related changes, and resilience factors.
Methods: We used regional T-N residual patterns to partition 184 patients within the Alzheimer's continuum into data-driven groups. These were compared with groups from 159 non-AD (amyloid "negative") patients partitioned using cortical thickness, and groups in 98 patients with ante mortem MRI and post mortem tissue for measuring N and T, respectively.