Hospitalization patterns in HD patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive cohort study.

Introduction: The rate of hospitalization represents a morbidity indicator in HD patients. The study aimed to evaluate hospitalization patterns in a large HD cohort.

Methods: All DaVita-KSA HD patients from October 2014 to December 2019 were included.

Improvements in six aspects of quality of care of incident hemodialysis patients - a real-world experience.

Background: The transition from chronic kidney disease stage 5 to initiation of hemodialysis has gained increased attention in recent years as this period is one of high risk for patients with an annual mortality rate exceeding 20%. Morbidity and mortality in incident hemodialysis patients are partially attributed to failure to attain guideline-based targets. This study focuses on improvements in six aspects of quality of dialysis care (adequacy, anemia, nutrition, chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD), blood pressure and vascular access) aligning with KDIGO guidelines, during the first 6 months of hemodialysis.

Exome capture and massively parallel sequencing identifies a novel HPSE2 mutation in a Saudi Arabian child with Ochoa (urofacial) syndrome.

We describe a child of Middle Eastern descent by first-cousin coupling with idiopathic neurogenic bladder and high-grade vesicoureteral reflux at 1 year of age, whose characteristic facial grimace led to the diagnosis of Ochoa (urofacial) syndrome at age 5 years. We used homozygosity mapping, exome capture and paired-end sequencing to identify the disease causing mutation in the proband. We reviewed the literature with respect to the urologic manifestations of Ochoa syndrome.

Role of bone biopsy in renal osteodystrophy.

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD), the abnormal bone histology that occurs in the context of kidney disease, is a disease spectrum and not a uniform progressive bone disease. It is an important component of the broad disturbances of bone and mineral metabolism associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are multiple pathogenetic factors which contribute to the histological abnormalities seen on bone biopsy.

A retrospective review of the outcome of plasma exchange and aggressive medical therapy in antibody mediated rejection of renal allografts: a single center experience.

Unlabelled: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) has been recognized as a major cause of renal allograft loss. Protocols using plasma exchange (PE) to reverse rejection have mixed results.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to determine the clinical response to PE inpatients with AMR of renal allograft.

Vitamin D and kidney disease.

Abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism play a major role in the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. The gradual and progressive decline in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the course of chronic kidney disease is the result of several mechanisms that limit the ability of the failing kidney to maintain the levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D despite increasing levels of parathyroid hormone. Recent observations have indicated that chronic kidney disease seems to be associated with a high incidence of nutritional vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency as manifested by decreased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis in pregnancy.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can be a catastrophic event during pregnancy, complicating almost nine percent of diabetics in pregnancy. It induces both maternal and fetal mortality. Ketosis has been implicated in fetal distress and causes adverse neurological outcome.

Clinical association between renal insufficiency and positive troponin I in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Whether renal insufficiency (RI) influences troponin levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is controversial. We attempted to determine whether there is an association between RI and troponin I (TnI) elevation in patients presenting with ACS.

Methods: We studied 764 consecutive patients with ACS admitted to our institution from January 1999 to June 2000.

Influence of concurrent renal dysfunction on outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes and implications of the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the in-hospital outcome and influence of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists on patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) across a range of renal function.

Background: Recent studies demonstrate increasing cardiovascular risk with progressive renal dysfunction. Previous studies investigating GP IIb/IIIa antagonist use have excluded patients with renal dysfunction.

The new definition of myocardial infarction: diagnostic and prognostic implications in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Background: The clinical implications of the recently revised criteria for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes are unknown.

Methods: To evaluate the prognostic implications of the new diagnostic criteria for AMI, we studied 493 consecutive patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes admitted to University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, between May 1, 1999, and January 1, 2000. Patients with positive cardiac enzymes and symptoms suggestive of coronary ischemia (n = 275) were divided into 2 groups: group A, with elevated peak creatine kinase-MB fraction and/or new electrocardiographic changes suggestive of AMI regardless of troponin status (diagnosed as AMI by old criteria), and group B, with normal peak creatine kinase-MB fraction but elevated troponin I level (additional patients diagnosed as having AMI by new criteria).