Effect of Whey Protein Supplementation on Postoperative Outcomes After Gynecological Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Whey protein's biochemical properties make it an ideal nutritional supplement for patients with cancer, especially in perioperative care. Thus, the present study aims to assess the efficacy of whey protein supplementation (WPS) compared to standard care in enhancing postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing comprehensive surgical staging for gynecological cancer.

Methods: In an open-label, randomized controlled trial conducted at Rajavithi Hospital between November 28, 2023 and July 8, 2024, 61 patients scheduled for comprehensive surgical staging were enrolled.

Redefining Candidates for Deintensification in Locoregionally Advanced P16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Based on Relative Risk.

Purpose: Randomized trials have found that patients with locoregionally advanced p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) do not benefit from treatment deintensification, even among favorable risk groups. Although various methods have been used to identify candidates for treatment deintensification, the optimal approach is unknown.

Methods And Materials: We conducted a multi-institutional cohort study of 444 patients with previously untreated p16+ OPSCC undergoing definitive radiation therapy with or without systemic therapy between 2009 and 2022.

Comparing gastrointestinal stromal tumor outcomes between geriatric and non-geriatric patients: A population-based analysis.

Background: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. SEER is an extensive cancer database which proves useful in analyzing population trends. This analysis investigated GIST outcomes between geriatric & non-geriatric patients.

Radiation Therapy Practice Patterns for Treatment of Curative Breast Cancer in a Large Tertiary Health Care System.

Purpose: Disparities have been reported in women treated for breast cancer (BrCa). This study examines potential disparities in BrCa treatment offered based on race and age from a multicenter radiation department.

Methods And Materials: We identified 901 patients with early stage BrCa who received curative intent radiation therapy (RT) between 2004 and 2018.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 regulates chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer cells by altering JNK signalling.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Though chemotherapy is the main treatment option for advanced CRC, patients invariably acquire resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and fail to respond to the therapy. Although understanding the mechanisms regulating chemoresistance has been a focus of intense research to manage this challenge, the pathways governing resistance to drugs are poorly understood.

Unravelling the Role of Cancer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Muscle Atrophy, Lipolysis, and Cancer-Associated Cachexia.

Cancer-associated cachexia is a metabolic syndrome that causes significant reduction in whole-body weight due to excessive loss of muscle mass accompanied by loss of fat mass. Reduced food intake and several metabolic abnormalities, such as increased energy expenditure, excessive catabolism, and inflammation, are known to drive cachexia. It is well documented that cancer cells secrete EVs in abundance which can be easily taken up by the recipient cell.

Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial solitary fibrous tumors: systematic review and pooled quantitative analysis.

Background: Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs), formerly hemangiopericytomas (HPCs), are rare, aggressive dural-based mesenchymal tumors. While adjuvant radiation therapy has been suggested to improve local tumor control (LTC), especially after subtotal resection, the role of postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and the optimal SRS dosing strategy remain poorly defined.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched according to PRISMA guidelines for studies describing postoperative SRS for intracranial SFTs.

Vesiclepedia 2024: an extracellular vesicles and extracellular particles repository.

Vesiclepedia (http://www.microvesicles.org) is a free web-based compendium of DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids and metabolites that are detected or associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) and extracellular particles (EPs).

Proteomics analysis of C2C12 myotubes treated with atrophy inducing cancer cell-derived factors.

Cancer-associated cachexia is a wasting syndrome that results in dramatic loss of whole-body weight, predominantly due to loss of skeletal muscle mass. It has been established that cachexia inducing cancer cells secrete proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can induce muscle atrophy. Though several studies examined these cancer-cell derived factors, targeting some of these components have shown little or no clinical benefit.

Proteomic analysis of the small extracellular vesicles and soluble secretory proteins from cachexia inducing and non-inducing cancer cells.

Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterised by the loss of fat and/or muscle mass in advanced cancer patients. It has been well-established that cancer cells themselves can induce cachexia via the release of several pro-cachectic and pro-inflammatory factors. However, it is unclear how this process is regulated and the key cachexins that are involved.

Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Targets and Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Therapy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles that are released from cells into the extracellular space both under pathological and normal conditions. It is now well established that cancer cells secrete more EVs compared to non-cancerous cells and that, captivatingly, several proteins that are involved in EV biogenesis and secretion are upregulated in various tumours. Recent studies have revealed that EVs facilitate the interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment and play a substantial role in the growth of tumours.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzo-[]-imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole and imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole carboxamide triazole derivatives as antimycobacterial agents.

In the search for new anti-mycobacterial agents, we revealed the importance of imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole and benzo-[]-imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole carboxamide derivatives. We designed, ADMET predicted and synthesized four series of novel imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole and benzo-[]-imidazo-[2,1-]-thiazole carboxamide analogues in combination with piperazine and various 1,2,3 triazoles. All the synthesized derivatives were characterized by H NMR, C NMR, HPLC and MS spectral analysis and evaluated for antitubercular activity.

Pep2Graph: A standalone tool to analyse proteolytic cleavages by proteases from gel-based mass spectrometry data.

Proteases are enzymes that regulate substrates via proteolytic activation and coordinate essential cellular functions including DNA replication, DNA transcription, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. However, techniques to identify proteolytic events in a high-throughput manner is limited. PROtein TOpography and Migration Analysis Platform (PROTOMAP) is a technique that relies on mass spectrometry-based proteomics to globally identify the shifts in the in-gel migration of proteins and their corresponding fragments that are obtained by proteolysis.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Spiro-[Chroman-2,4'-Piperidin]-4-One Analogs as Anti-Tubercular Agents.

A series of novel spiro-[chromane-2,4'-piperidin]-4(3H)-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and structures were confirmed by analytical methods, viz., H-NMR, C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The synthetic derivatives were evaluated for their anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain H37Ra.

Invasive cystic hypersecretory carcinoma of the breast.

Cystic hypersecretory carcinoma (CHC) of the breast is a rare variant of ductal carcinoma, characterized by variably sized cysts lined by micropapillary fronds to proliferative pseudostratified columnar epithelium. It includes a spectrum of morphological features ranging from clearly benign cystic hypersecretory hyperplasia (CHH), CHH with atypia to invasive CHC. Only 20 cases of invasive CHC have been reported to date.

Design, synthesis and anti-mycobacterial evaluation of imidazo[1,2-]pyridine analogues.

Based on the molecular hybridization strategy, thirty-four imidazo[1,2-]pyridine amides (IPAs) and imidazo[1,2-]pyridine sulfonamides (IPSs) were designed and synthesized. The structures of the target compounds were characterized using H NMR, C NMR, LCMS, and elemental analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-tubercular activity using the microplate Alamar Blue assay against H37Rv strain and the MIC was determined.

Automated iterative Csp-C bond formation.

Fully automated synthetic chemistry would substantially change the field by providing broad on-demand access to small molecules. However, the reactions that can be run autonomously are still limited. Automating the stereospecific assembly of Csp-C bonds would expand access to many important types of functional organic molecules.

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of novel spirochromanone hydrochloride analogs as anticancer agents.

Literature reports suggest spirochromanone derivatives exhibit anticancer activity. The authors designed and synthesized 18 spirochromanone derivatives (). The compounds were characterized and evaluated for anticancer activity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) and murine melanoma (B16F10) cell lines.

EEG Signal Feature Selection Algorithm and Support Vector Machine Model in Patient's Fatigue Recognition.

In March 2020, a cohort of 26 is treated critically ill hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 infected patients who received EEGs to assess unexplained altered mental status, loss of consciousness, or poor arousal and responsiveness. The objective of the present work is to develop a method that is able to automatically determine mental status of vigilance, i.e.

Repurposing of Antibiotic Sulfisoxazole Inhibits Lipolysis in Pre-Clinical Model of Cancer-Associated Cachexia.

Clinical management of cancer-associated cachexia, a multi-organ wasting syndrome, has been challenging without effective treatment strategies. An effective treatment that directly targets cancer-induced wasting is desperately needed to improve the quality of life and the survival of cancer patients. Recently, an antibiotic SFX was shown to have anti-tumour and anti-metastatic effects in mouse models of breast cancer.

Oral administration of bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles induces senescence in the primary tumor but accelerates cancer metastasis.

The concept that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the diet can be absorbed by the intestinal tract of the consuming organism, be bioavailable in various organs, and in-turn exert phenotypic changes is highly debatable. Here, we isolate EVs from both raw and commercial bovine milk and characterize them by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blotting, quantitative proteomics and small RNA sequencing analysis. Orally administered bovine milk-derived EVs survive the harsh degrading conditions of the gut, in mice, and is subsequently detected in multiple organs.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 7-(5-((substituted - amino)-methyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-spiro-[chroman-2,4'-piperidin]-4-one hydrochloride analogues as anticancer agents.

A series of thirty-one novel 7-(5-((amino)-methyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-spiro-[chroman-2,4'-piperidin]-4-one hydrochloride analogues (Cst 1 - 31) have been designed, synthesized and characterized by H NMR, C NMR and MS spectral analysis. Here, we evaluated the anticancer potential and biological results of low-molecular-weight bridgehead oxygen and nitrogen-containing spirochromanones on proliferation and apoptosis of the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and Murine melanoma (B16F10). The anticancer activity ranged from 2.

Temporal Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Neuroblastoma Cells Treated with Bovine Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Highlights the Anti-Proliferative Properties of Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Neuroblastoma (NBL) is a pediatric cancer that accounts for 15% of childhood cancer mortality. Amplification of the oncogene N-Myc occurs in 20% of NBL patients and is considered high risk as it correlates with aggressiveness, treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Even though the treatment strategies have improved in the recent years, the survival rate of high-risk NBL patients remain poor.

Extracellular Vesicles Contain Putative Cancer Biomarkers.

Emerging evidences have implicated extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoparticles secreted by cells, in regulating cancer progression. Several seminal studies on EVs have added an additional layer to the previously unanswered questions in understanding the complexity of diseases such as cancer. It has been observed that EV content is highly heterogenous and it likely reflects the dynamic state of the parent cell.