sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., endophytic actinobacteria isolated from wild orchid ( Roxb).

Three novel mycelium-forming actinobacteria, designated OC33-EN06, OC33-EN07, and OC33-EN08, were isolated from wild orchid ( Roxb), collected from a hill evergreen forest in Northern Thailand. Strains OC33-EN06 and OC33-EN07 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene similarity with TT00-04, 99.17 and 99.

sp. nov., isolated from midden soil waste.

A Gram-stain-positive, irregular short-rod and non-motile bacterium, designated strain ABSL32-1, was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Suphan Buri municipal solid waste disposal area. According to the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, a novel species belonging to the genus was described. Strain ABSL32-1 grew optimally at 20-25 °C and at pH 6.

sp. nov., isolated from a yellow-ringed grass moth ().

A novel mycelium-forming actinomycete strain, designated A-F 0318, was isolated from a yellow-ringed grass moth () collected from Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Long chains of non-motile cylindrical spores with a smooth surface developed on aerial mycelia. The polyphasic taxonomic study suggested that strain A-F 0318 belonged to the genus .

sp. nov., isolated from cave rock.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain ASG 168, was isolated from cave rock collected from Stegodon Sea Cave in Thailand. Long chains of non-motile spores that were oval or spherical in shape with a smooth surface developed on aerial mycelia. Substrate mycelia fragmented into irregular rod-shaped elements.

sp. nov., isolated from humic soil on bird's nest fern ( L.).

A novel member of the actinobacteria, designated strain A-T 0013, was isolated from humic soil on a bird's nest fern ( L.) collected from Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. According the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, A-T 0013 had characteristics typical of members of the genus .

sp. nov., isolated from phenanthrene-degrading consortium enriched from Antarctic soil.

A novel bacterium, designated strain ANT13_2, was isolated from a phenanthrene-degrading consortium enriched from a soil sample collected near the Great Wall Station located in the southwestern area of King George Island, Antarctica. Following a polyphasic taxonomic study, a novel species belonging to the genus was described. The strain was a Gram-stain-positive bacterium that exhibited a rod-coccus growth cycle.

sp. nov., isolated from plant litter.

A novel zoosporic actinomycete, designated strain A-T 5661, was isolated from plant litter collected in Thailand. Strain A-T 5661 developed large multilocular sporangia containing motile sporangiospores at the ends of sporangiophores on substrate mycelium. The results of our polyphasic taxonomic study demonstrated that the strain had characteristics typical of members of the genus .

Actinomycetospora endophytica sp. nov., isolated from wild orchid (Podochilus microphyllus Lindl.) in Thailand.

A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain A-T 8314, was isolated from a wild orchid, Podochilus microphyllus Lindl., collected from Trat Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of strain A-T 8314 was established using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic analyses.

Verrucosispora endophytica sp. nov., isolated from the root of wild orchid (Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Rchb.f.).

A novel endophytic filamentous bacterium strain A-T 7972, was isolated from wild orchid Grosourdya appendiculata (Blume) Rchb.f. collected in Thailand.

Actinoplanes subglobosus sp. nov., isolated from mixed deciduous forest soil.

A novel filamentous bacterial strain, A-T 5400T, which developed subglobose sporangia at the end of sporangiophores on substrate mycelia, was isolated from mixed deciduous forest soil collected in Thailand. The taxonomic position of this micro-organism was described using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain A-T 5400T belonged to the genus Actinoplanes and was most closely related to 'Actinoplanes hulinensis' NEAU-M9 (98.

Planomonospora corallina sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete strain, A-T 11038T, was isolated from bamboo rhizospheric soil collected in Thailand. Based on a polyphasic approach, the novel strain was characterized as a member of the genus Planomonospora, which developed cylindrical to clavate sporangia containing a single motile spore on aerial mycelium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain A-T 11038T was closely related to Planomonospora sphaerica JCM 9374T (98.

Actinoplanes luteus sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A novel filamentous bacterial strain, A-T 5190T, which developed irregular sporangia at the end of sporangiophores on substrate mycelia, was isolated from dry evergreen forest soil collected in Thailand. The 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain A-T 5190T belonged to the genus Actinoplanes and was related most closely to Actinoplanes palleronii NBRC 14916T (98.88 % similarity) and Actinoplanes rectilineatus NBRC 13941T (98.

Sinosporangium fuscum sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete, A-T 8343T was isolated from a moist evergreen forest soil sample collected in the Trat Province, Thailand. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain A-T 8343T belonged to the genus Sinosporangium and was closely related to Sinosporangium siamense A-T 1946T (98.81 %) and Sinosporangium album 6014T (98.

Sinosporangium siamense sp. nov., isolated from soil and emended description of the genus Sinosporangium.

An actinomycetes strain A-T 1946(T) that developed spherical sporangia containing non-motile spores on aerial mycelia was isolated from dry deciduous forest soil in Thailand. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain A-T 1946(T) belongs to the genus Sinosporangium, being closely related to Sinosporangium album 6014(T) (98.8% sequence similarity).

Planobispora takensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, filamentous bacterial strain (A-T 7458(T)) was isolated from soil collected from hill evergreen forest in Thailand. The strain developed cylindrical sporangia containing a longitudinal pair of motile spores, on short ramifications of aerial mycelia. From a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, strain A-T 7458(T) had typical characteristics of members of the genus Planobispora.

Actinoplanes siamensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-positive filamentous bacterial strain that developed large campanulate sporangia at the ends of sporangiophores on substrate mycelium was isolated from bamboo forest soil in Thailand. According to the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, our isolate had typical characteristics of members of the genus Actinoplanes. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis also indicated that strain A-T 6646(T) belonged to the genus Actinoplanes, being most closely related to Actinoplanes liguriensis DSM 43865(T) (97.

Planobispora siamensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete strain, A-T 4600(T), which developed cylindrical sporangia containing a longitudinal pair of motile spores forming singly or in bundles on short ramifications of the aerial mycelium, was isolated from soil collected from an evergreen forest in Thailand. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars contained ribose, madurose, mannose and glucose.

Kutzneria buriramensis sp. nov., isolated from soil, and emended description of the genus Kutzneria.

A Gram-staining-positive, filamentous bacterium, which developed large globose sporangia at the ends of long sporangiophores on aerial mycelium, was isolated from dry soil collected in a deciduous forest in Thailand. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of the novel bacterium, which was designated strain A-T 1846(T), contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars comprised rhamnose, ribose, mannose, glucose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H(4)).

Sphaerisporangium krabiense sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-staining-positive, filamentous bacterial strain, designated A-T 0308(T), was isolated from soil of a tropical mangrove forest in Thailand. Strain A-T 0308(T) developed spherical sporangia containing non-motile spores on aerial mycelium. The novel strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, N-acetyl-type peptidoglycan and madurose, mannose, ribose, galactose and glucose as whole-cell sugars.