Olfactory Neuroepithelial Neural Progenitor Cells from Subjects with Bipolar I Disorder.

Background: Research into the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is limited by the inability to examine brain cellular processes in subjects with the illness.

Methods: Endoscopic biopsy was performed in subjects with bipolar I disorder to establish olfactory neural progenitor (ONP) cell lines. Olfactory function was assessed prebiopsy and postbiopsy using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT).

Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Remission of Cushing Disease Caused by Ectopic Intracavernous Macroadenoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Complete surgical resection of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma is the gold standard of treatment of Cushing disease. Ectopic location of these adenomas is an extremely rare condition that may compromise the diagnosis and surgical success. We present the first case of an ectopic intracavernous ACTH-secreting macroadenoma totally resected with endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES).

Development and preparation of lead-containing paint films and diagnostic test materials.

Lead in paint continues to be a threat to children's health in cities across the United States, which means there is an ongoing need for testing and analysis of paint. This ongoing analytical effort and especially development of new methods continue to drive the need for diagnostic testing materials that provide the analytical challenges of real-world paints. To this end, 31 different types of paint test materials were developed and prepared.

Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on sodium-induced apoptosis in human olfactory neuroepithelial progenitor cells.

Low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) peptide are linked to the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the BDNF gene (BDNF) have been associated with bipolar illness. Since both elevated intracellular sodium and apoptosis are believed to contribute to cellular dysfunction in bipolar disorder, it is important to determine the effect of exogenous BDNF on apoptosis induced by the high levels of intracellular sodium seen in ill bipolar patients.

Rapid new methods for paint collection and lead extraction.

Chronic exposure of children to lead can result in permanent physiological impairment. In adults, it can cause irritability, poor muscle coordination, and nerve damage to the sense organs and nerves controlling the body. Surfaces coated with lead-containing paints are potential sources of exposure to lead.

Analysis of the analytical performance of laboratories participating in two major U.S. bulk asbestos proficiency testing programs.

Quality assurance and proficiency testing programs have been available for 27 years for U.S. laboratories using polarized light microscopy to analyze bulk building materials for asbestos.

Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with single-dose pantoprazole for laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Objectives: Results of randomized treatment trials for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) are mixed. The cause and effect between gastroesophageal reflux and laryngeal symptoms remain elusive.

Aims: To determine the efficacy of single-dose pantoprazole in newly diagnosed LPR and to correlate hypopharyngeal reflux with symptom improvement.

Clonal analysis of adult human olfactory neurosphere forming cells.

Olfactory neuroepithelium (ONe) is unique because it contains progenitor cells capable of mitotic division that replace damaged or lost neurons throughout life. We isolated populations of ONe progenitors from adult cadavers and patients undergoing nasal sinus surgery that were heterogeneous and consisted of neuronal and glial progenitors. Progenitor lines have been obtained from these cultures that continue to divide and form nestin positive neurospheres.

Immunomagnetic separation of adult human olfactory neural progenitors.

Olfactory neuroepithelium (ONe) has lifelong regenerative capacity owing to the presence of mitotically active progenitors. The accessibility of ONe makes it a unique source of progenitors for cell replacement strategies in the CNS. We have established lines of neurosphere forming cells (NSFCs) from adult postmortem ONe and patients undergoing nasal sinus surgery by endoscopic biopsy.

The therapeutic potential of human olfactory-derived stem cells.

Stem cells from fetal and adult central nervous system have been isolated and characterized, providing populations for potential replacement therapy for traumatic injury repair and neurodegenerative diseases. The regenerative capacity of the olfactory system has attracted scientific interest. Studies focusing on animal and human olfactory bulb ensheathing cells (OECs) have heightened the expectations that OECs can enhance axonal regeneration and repair demyelinating diseases.

Induction of neuronal differentiation of adult human olfactory neuroepithelial-derived progenitors.

Neurosphere forming cells (NSFCs) have been established from cultures of adult olfactory neuroepithelium obtained from patients and cadavers as described previously. They remained undifferentiated in serum or defined media with or without neurotrophic factors. Many factors affect the differentiation of stem cells along a neuronal pathway.

Role of transcription factors in motoneuron differentiation of adult human olfactory neuroepithelial-derived progenitors.

Neurosphereforming cell (NSFC) lines have been established from cultures of human adult olfactory neuroepithelium. Few of these cells ever express mature neuronal or glial markers in minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum or defined medium. However, these neural progenitors have the potential to differentiate along glial or neuronal lineages.

Endoscopic biopsy of human olfactory epithelium as a source of progenitor cells.

Background: The adult central nervous system contains progenitor cells; however, invasive surgery is required for their harvest. Olfactory neuroepithelium (ONe) has attracted attention because it is extracranial and contains progenitor cells that account for its regenerative capacity. Olfactory progenitor cells have been cultured from postmortem ONe.

Design and implementation of an ambulatory pH monitoring protocol in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Objective/hypothesis: Adding a hypopharyngeal sensor to esophageal pH monitoring has been advocated for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). However, selecting the proper pH catheter is problematic because esophageal lengths are variable among individuals.

Objective: To design and implement a new pH monitoring protocol for LPR.

Rhinosinusitis.

Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common health care complaints in this country. The burden on affected individuals in terms of decreased productivity, absenteeism from the workplace, and diminished quality of life, when added to the cost of care and the growing public health menace of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, makes rhinosinusitis a serious disease that warrants precise diagnosis and effective therapy. Technologic innovations in endoscopy and imaging have improved understanding of sinus pathophysiology, but diagnosis remains clinical and treatment empiric.

The human vomeronasal organ: part IV. Incidence, topography, endoscopy, and ultrastructure of the nasopalatine recess, nasopalatine fossa, and vomeronasal organ.

Background: Previous reports on the human vomeronasal organ (VNO) have been inconsistent. Observations of fossae on the nasal septum have been reported as the VNO.

Methods: Adult human subjects (210) and cadavers (31) were examined using rigid nasal endoscopy, serial histology, and biopsy ultrastructure (5).

Hypopharyngeal pH monitoring artifact in detection of laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Hypopharyngeal pH artifacts have been a concern in the detection of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Our purpose was to analyze and quantify artifacts from dual-sensor hypopharyngeal pH monitoring. In all, 42 hypopharyngeal and 58 esophageal pH studies were reviewed.

Impact of endoscopic sinus surgery on global health perception: an outcomes study.

The Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36-item Health Survey (SF-36) was used to prospectively assess outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery. Our study found that chronic rhinosinusitis has a significant adverse impact on patient-perceived functional status and quality of life. Endoscopic sinus surgery resulted in statistically significant improvement in both disease-specific symptoms and patient-perceived global health status at 6 and 12 months of follow-up.

Embolization as the definitive treatment of epistaxis in the pediatric patient.

Epistaxis occurs often in children, but these patients are seldom hospitalized. Two cases of intractable epistaxis, which were definitively treated with internal maxillary artery embolization, are presented with an algorithm for management of similar cases.

Computer-based clinical charting and patient case management.

During the past several years, computer systems have become an essential office tool in the day-to-day operation of many businesses, from large corporations to small companies. Like other businesses, home health care agencies are using computer systems to automate various aspects of their operation. Many companies soon discover that their computer system is second in importance only to their telephones in terms of accomplishing daily tasks.

An update on chronic sinusitis.

The management of chronic sinus disease has been revolutionized by the application of computed tomographic (CT) imaging and rigid endoscopes in diagnostic evaluation and surgical treatment. These diagnostic advances have led to a better understanding of sinus pathophysiology and the development of more rational surgical treatment. Obstruction of mucociliary drainage in the anterior ethmoid sinus-middle meatus region (ostiomeatal complex) is now understood to be the cause of chronic symptomatic sinus disease.