Publications by authors named "Winstanley E"
Objective: To analyze patient and caregiver narratives addressing experiences related to substance use and substance use disorder (SUD).
Methods: Thirty audio-narratives from the MyPaTH Story Booth archive addressed substance use between 5/20/2016 and 2/24/21. Two coders established an average Cohen's kappa statistics of 0.
Objectives: This study compared whether different addiction treatment educational experiences were associated with physicians' attitudes toward patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and perceived efficacy of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD).
Methods: Ohio physicians (n = 2757) with and without a waiver to prescribe buprenorphine (Drug Addiction Treatment Act 2000 [DATA 2000] waiver) were surveyed regarding their attitudes toward treating patients with OUD and on the effectiveness of MOUD. We divided physicians into 3 groups: physicians with DATA 2000 waivers, non-waivered physicians experiential training, and non-waivered physicians experiential training.
Article Synopsis
- * The study aims to test two interventions—pain self-management (PSM) and patient-oriented buprenorphine dosing (POD)—in a randomized trial to improve pain management and retention in buprenorphine treatment.
- * Participants will be divided into four groups to evaluate different combinations of the interventions against usual care, with the study also focusing on secondary goals like reducing overall pain and opioid use.
Background: A systematic review of the literature was performed to summarize cannabis use among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Special focus was given to the prevalence of cannabis use during COVID-19, as well as factors that may explain changes in cannabis consumption patterns.
Methods: The protocol of this systematic review was registered.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors associated with driving after marijuana use (DAMU) among West Virginia college students.
Methods: Participants were recruited from West Virginia University between September and November 2022. The study sample was restricted to students who were ≥18 years of age; reported recently driving; possessed a current, valid driver's license from any US state; and were enrolled for at least one credit hour in the Fall 2022 semester.
Background: There has been extensive research demonstrating the effectiveness of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) but limited investigation into its long-term retention rate.
Objective: Assess the long-term treatment retention of a buprenorphine-based MOUD clinic with additional stratifications by age and gender.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 10-years of data from a MOUD clinic in West Virginia that served 3,255 unique patients during the study period (2009-2019).
Article Synopsis
- In 2010, a new version of OxyContin was created to reduce misuse, and this change affected how people used prescription drugs.
- The study compared the impact of this new OxyContin to the decline in other prescription opioids like oxycodone and hydrocodone in West Virginia.
- Results showed that the decrease in prescription opioids, not just the new OxyContin, played a big role in changes to overdose rates in the state.
Early-onset alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use with age at onset of hypertension: a survival analysis.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol
July 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how early substance use, particularly before age 18, impacts the age at which individuals develop hypertension, using data from over 19,000 people.
- Results show that early substances like alcohol, smokeless tobacco, and marijuana are linked to a higher risk of developing hypertension sooner, with significant statistics backing this correlation.
- The conclusion emphasizes the need for prevention programs targeting early substance use in youth to potentially delay the onset of hypertension in adulthood.
Article Synopsis
- Buprenorphine is crucial for treating opioid use disorder and may help lower fatal overdose risks from fentanyl, but its impact has not been fully assessed.
- A study analyzed data from 3036 fentanyl overdose victims in West Virginia to understand how buprenorphine presence influenced fentanyl levels in their system, accounting for other substances and health conditions.
- Results indicated that fentanyl concentrations were significantly higher when buprenorphine was present, and other factors like obesity and alcohol use were linked to lower concentrations, whereas marijuana and substance use history correlated with higher concentrations.
Objective: The goal of this study was to identify factors associated with compassion fatigue (CF) and compassion satisfaction (CS) among rural health care workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary purpose was to assess utilization of wellness resources and preferences for new resources.
Methods: A survey was distributed (October-December 2020) and completed by faculty, clinicians and staff (n = 406) at a rural university.
Objectives: New routes for supply of eye tissue are needed in the UK to support transplant surgery and medical research. Hospice care (HC) and Hospital-based Palliative care (HPC) services represent potential supply routes. This paper reports findings from the survey arm of the Eye Donation from Palliative and Hospice Care-Investigating potential, practice preference and perceptions study (EDiPPPP), objectives of which were to: i) Investigate existing practice in relation to eye donation across HC and HPC settings; ii) identify perceptions of HCPs toward embedding eye donation into routine end of life care planning; iii) investigate the informational, training, or support needs of clinicians regarding eye donation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Eye donation in Palliative and Hospice care settings: patient views and missed opportunities.
Background: There is a global shortage of donated eye tissue for use in sight saving and sight restoring operations such as corneal transplantation. In the UK the Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB) report that over two million people are currently living with sight loss with this figure predicted to rise to approx.
NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) Tissue and Eye Services (TES) save and improve the lives of thousands of patients every year.The roles and responsibilities of the nurses working in TES are diverse. Across the TES supply chain nursing roles are pivotal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) Tissue and Eye Services (TES) save and improve the lives of thousands of patients every year.The Clinical Support Nurse Team (CSNT) within TES is an example of registered nurses working at an advanced level, making professionally autonomous decisions for which they are accountable.The concept of nurses working at this level began with a pilot study in 2012 under a robust governance system and change process within NHSBT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a need to identify additional routes of supply for ophthalmic tissue in the UK due to deficits between supply and demand. In response to this need the NIHR funded study, Eye Donation from Palliative and Hospice Care: Investigating Potential, Practice, Preference, and Perceptions) (EDiPPPP) project was developed in partnership with NHSBT Tissue Services ( now Organ Tissue Donation and Transplantation).
Aim: This presentation will report findings from work package one of EDiPPPP which aimed to: scope the size and clinical characteristics of the potential eye donation (ED) population via a large-scale, multi-site retrospective case notes review across England establishing: the size of the potential ED population; describe the clinical characteristics of the potential ED population and identify challenges for clinicians in applying the standard ED criteria for assessing patient eligibility.
Article Synopsis
- In 2021, while overdose deaths were at their highest, over 80% of overdoses (ODs) did not result in fatalities, prompting questions about their potential cognitive impacts.
- A study involving 78 participants with a history of opioid use disorder (OUD) assessed cognitive functioning comparing those who experienced an OD in the past year to those without a history of ODs.
- Results indicated that participants with recent ODs had significantly lower cognitive scores in total, crystallized, and fluid cognition, suggesting that opioid-related ODs could impact cognition, though the differences were not extremely severe, implying a need for further detailed research.
Patient-reported problems filling buprenorphine prescriptions and motivations for illicit use.
Drug Alcohol Depend Rep
December 2022
Background: While barriers to accessing buprenorphine (BUP) therapy have been well described, little is known about pharmacy-related barriers. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of patient-reported problems filling BUP prescriptions and determine whether these problems were associated with illicit use of BUP. The secondary objectives included identifying motivations for illicit BUP use and the prevalence of naloxone acquisition among patients prescribed BUP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Most patients with opioid use disorder in rural areas lack access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), with the patient-centered access framework highlighting various dimensions affecting this access.
- A scoping review examined existing literature on MOUD access based on rural vs. urban settings, revealing a significant focus on healthcare system factors rather than patient abilities.
- Findings indicate that increased rurality correlates with fewer MOUD services available, but there is limited understanding of how other access dimensions vary geographically, which is important as MOUD delivery evolves post-COVID-19.
Purpose: To assess the sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors associated with driving after marijuana use among US college students.
Methods: A secondary analysis used the fall 2020 and spring 2021 American College Health Association- National College Health Assessment III and the dataset was restricted to college students ≥18 years of age who reported recent driving and marijuana use. Associations between risk factors and driving after marijuana use were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.
Background: Injection drug use (IDU) remains the strongest risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the United States. HCV rates are increasing in rural areas among young adult people who inject drugs (PWID). People with HCV and PWID have disproportionate rates of mental health problems; however, it is unclear whether risky injection behaviors mediate the association between mental health problems and HCV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Central Appalachia has been disproportionately affected by the opioid epidemic and overdose fatalities. We developed West Virginia Peers Enhancing Education, Recovery, and Survival (WV PEERS), a program based on peer recovery support, to engage individuals using opioids and link them with a range of services.
Methods: Community partners providing services to individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) were identified and collaborations were formalized using a standardized memorandum of understanding.