Light-dependent modulation of protein localization and function in living bacteria cells.

Most bacteria lack membrane-enclosed organelles and rely on macromolecular scaffolds at different subcellular locations to recruit proteins for specific functions. Here, we demonstrate that the optogenetic CRY2-CIB1 system from Arabidopsis thaliana can be used to rapidly direct proteins to different subcellular locations with varying efficiencies in live Escherichia coli cells, including the nucleoid, the cell pole, the membrane, and the midcell division plane. Such light-induced re-localization can be used to rapidly inhibit cytokinesis in actively dividing E.

Use of voriconazole to predict susceptibility and resistance to isavuconazole for using CLSI methods and interpretive criteria.

is a common cause of pulmonary and invasive mold infections among immunocompromised hosts. Mortality in immunocompromised hosts with invasive infections (IAI) has been reported to be as high as 80%. Therefore, appropriate therapy is essential in treating IAI.

Physical One-Way Functions for Decentralized Consensus Via Proof of Physical Work.

Decentralized consensus on the state of the Bitcoin blockchain is ensured by proof of work. It relies on digital one-way functions and is associated with an enormous environmental impact. This paper conceptualizes a physical one-way function that aims to transform a digital, electricity-consuming consensus mechanism into a physical process.

The ASPEN Rhoads Research Foundation: Supporting and advancing clinical nutrition research.

The vision of the ASPEN Rhoads Research Foundation is to promote innovation and research discovery to improve nutrition care and health. The Foundation was launched in 1993, incorporated in 2002, and established as a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization in 2007. On the occasion of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN)'s 50th anniversary, this article examines the creation of the Foundation, the state of clinical nutrition research funding, the Foundation's philanthropic mission, and the return on investment of Foundation grant support.

Semiartificial Photosynthetic Nanoreactors for H Generation.

A relatively unexplored energy source in synthetic cells is transmembrane electron transport, which like proton and ion transport can be light driven. Here, synthetic cells, called nanoreactors, are engineered for compartmentalized, semiartificial photosynthetic H production by a [FeFe]-hydrogenase (Hase). Transmembrane electron transfer into the nanoreactor was enabled by MtrCAB, a multiheme transmembrane protein from MR-1.

Conducting industry informant interviews to advance healthy food retail initiatives: challenges, opportunities, and lessons.

Retail food environments influence dietary health, yet efforts to improve them have had limited success. Recruiting informants from the food and beverage retail industry for insider information has been challenging due to the sensitivity of inquiries and proprietary protections. Moreover, which recruitment approaches are successful are seldom disseminated.

The In Vitro Activity of Rezafungin Against Uncommon Species of Candida.

Background: Invasive candidiasis (IC) is increasing due to the rising numbers of immunocompromised patients. Increasing azole resistance rates and daily dosing required for most echinocandins have complicated its treatment. The approval of rezafungin has provided an option for weekly echinocandin treatment.

"Games being played": a US exploration of market strategies used by the beverage industry as experienced by food retailers.

Background: The beverage industry's role in undermining nutrition-related population health is a growing global concern. Industry strategies that affect policy, science, and public opinion are increasingly exposed. However, those used in the retail space-known as market strategies-remain largely unspecified.

ACE2-independent sarbecovirus cell entry can be supported by TMPRSS2-related enzymes and can reduce sensitivity to antibody-mediated neutralization.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, demonstrated that zoonotic transmission of animal sarbecoviruses threatens human health but the determinants of transmission are incompletely understood. Here, we show that most spike (S) proteins of horseshoe bat and Malayan pangolin sarbecoviruses employ ACE2 for entry, with human and raccoon dog ACE2 exhibiting broad receptor activity. The insertion of a multibasic cleavage site into the S proteins increased entry into human lung cells driven by most S proteins tested, suggesting that acquisition of a multibasic cleavage site might increase infectivity of diverse animal sarbecoviruses for the human respiratory tract.

Rapid determination of sphingosine 1-phosphate association with carrier molecules by flow-induced dispersion analysis to predict sepsis outcome.

Flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA) was used to investigate the association of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled signaling lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) with its carrier molecules human serum albumin (HSA) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Associations were measured in plasma samples of patients after surgery, with sepsis or septic shock. All patients demonstrated a significant shift between the carrier binding: decrease of S1P bound to HSA with a concomitant increase of S1P bound to HDL.

Long-term tolerance and efficacy of venom immunotherapy after an episode of Crohn's disease and ankylosing spondylitis after up-dosing.

Hymenoptera stings can cause severe anaphylactic reactions in patients with an underlying Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). In such cases, venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a highly effective measure to prevent future anaphylaxis. The management of patients with a clear allergological indication for VIT and contraindications to VIT (e.

A retrospective cohort analysis of factors influencing continuous antibiotic therapy with ampicillin.

Aims: There are limited data on ampicillin/sulbactam, both for continuous infusion and for use in critically ill patients. We aimed to identify factors that help predict ampicillin plasma levels during continuous antibiotic therapy in intensive care patients.

Main Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and retrieved a large dataset of patients who received continuous ampicillin infusion with therapeutic drug monitoring between 2015 and 2022.

The expansion of fungal organisms in environmental biotechnology.

Fungal organisms hold vital roles in ecosystem processes. Despite their intricate entanglement with most life on earth and their powerful metabolic capacities, they remain under-represented in environmental biotechnology. The interest in applying fungal biotechnologies to different environments is growing, as light is shed on their versatile potential.

Role of Structural and Compositional Changes of CuO Nanocubes in Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia.

Nitrate electroreduction reaction (NORR) to ammonia (NH) still faces fundamental and technological challenges. While Cu-based catalysts have been widely explored, their activity and stability relationship are still not fully understood. Here, we systematically monitored the dynamic alterations in the chemical and morphological characteristics of CuO nanocubes (NCs) during NORR in an alkaline electrolyte.

Harnessing nature's catalysts: Advances in enzymatic alkene cleavage.

Double bonds are prevalent in various substrates and renewable feedstocks, and their cleavage typically necessitates harsh reaction conditions involving high temperatures, organic solvents, and hazardous catalysts such as heavy metals or ozone. This review explores the sustainable enzymatic alternatives developed by nature for alkene cleavage. It provides a comprehensive overview of alkene-cleaving enzymes, detailing their mechanisms, substrate specificities, and applications.