The role of human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case control study on a southern Chinese population.

HPV plays a role in the development of a portion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but only limited information on its role in southern Chinese population is available. A multicenter case-control study was conducted. HPV type, viral integration, E6/7 mRNA expression status, and TP53 mutation were determined.

Quantitative assessment of gait and neurochemical correlation in a classical murine model of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Gait deficits are important clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, existing behavioral tests for the detection of motor impairments in rodents with systemic dopamine depletion only measure akinesia and dyskinesia, and data focusing on gait are scarce. We evaluated gait changes in the methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced C57BL/6 murine model of PD by using a computer-assisted CatWalk system.

Different in vitro toxicity of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on sensory neurons and Schwann cells.

Objective: To study the neurotoxicity induced by Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), ricin A chain (RTA), and trichosanthin (TCS) in vitro.

Methods: Rat neurons and Schwann cells were cultured and real-time up-take of RIPs was traced. TUNEL, Annexin V and DAPI were employed to study the mechanism.

Protective effects and potential mechanisms of Pien Tze Huang on cerebral chronic ischemia and hypertensive stroke.

Background: Stroke caused by brain ischemia is the third leading cause of adult disability. Active prevention and early treatment of stroke targeting the causes and risk factors may decrease its incidence, mortality and subsequent disability. Pien Tze Huang (PZH), a Chinese medicine formula, was found to have anti-edema, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects that can prevent brain damage.

Reduced bone perfusion in osteoporosis: likely causes in an ovariectomy rat model.

Purpose: To investigate the cause of reduced vertebral perfusion in a rat ovariectomy model.

Materials And Methods: Experimental protocol was approved by the local Animal Experiment Ethics Committee. Twenty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were studied.

Different in vitro toxicities of structurally similar type I ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).

This study was aimed at investigating and comparing the cytotoxicities of two structurally similar type I RIPs, namely trichosanthin (TCS) and free ricin A chain (RTA). A type II RIP, namely Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), was also included for comparison. The three RIPs were added separately to cultures of NIH 3T3 cells.

Retrograde transport of a traditional Chinese medicine, alpha-trichosanthin, and its selective neural toxicity.

Objective: To investigate the peripheral neuronal toxicity of a traditional Chinese medicine, alpha-trichosanthin (TCS).

Methods: TCS and rhodamine-conjugated TCS were separately injected into the rat sciatic nerve. Saline and rhodamine were used alone and separately as control solutions.

Mechanism of the specific neuronal toxicity of a type I ribosome-inactivating protein, trichosanthin.

The aim was to study the mechanism of neuronal toxicity, the cellular pathway, and the glial cell reactions induced by trichosanthin (TCS), a type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP). Ricin A chain (RTA) was included for comparison. TCS, RTA, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled TCS and RTA were separately injected into rat eyes.

Different neuronal toxicity of single-chain ribosome-inactivating proteins on the rat retina.

Objective: To investigate the neurotoxicity of two structurally similar single chains of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs): trichosanthin (TCS) and ricin A chain (RTA).

Methods: TCS, RTA and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA, a multi-chain RIP for comparison) were separately injected into rat eyes. Saline was used as control.

Microscopic analysis of the different regions of three Alzheimer brains aged 93, 94, and 104 years old.

The brains of three Alzheimer patients aged 93, 94, and 104 years old were analyzed. Although cell death was apparent in different cortices, the prefrontal cortex and the Broca's appeared to be hit hardest. The different CA areas of the hippocampal formation all displayed equivalent degrees of cell death but the entorhinal areas showed the most severe degree of cell degeneration.

Premedication with intravenous ketorolac trometamol (Toradol) in colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: We conducted a prospective double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized trial to investigate the effect of ketorolac trometamol (KT) administered intravenously as premedication in colonoscopy.

Methods: One hundred and forty patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized to receive either 60 mg of KT (KT group (KTG), n=70) or placebo (normal saline group (NSG), n=70) intravenously as premedication 30 min prior to procedure. Patient-controlled sedation (PCS) was used as the mode of sedation.

Development of catecholaminergic neurons in the human medulla oblongata.

Distribution and maturation of catecholaminergic (CA) neurons have been studied by tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry in the medulla oblongata of human fetuses aged 14.5-25 weeks of gestation. Already at 14.

Pien Tze Huang protects the liver against carbon tetrachloride-induced damage.

Pien Tze Huang, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been extensively used as a therapeutic drug in the treatment of liver diseases. In this study, we have examined its ability to protect the liver from carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced damage in the mouse. Histological observations revealed that CCl4 treatment induced extensive degenerative changes in the hepatocytes surrounding the central veins of the liver.