Modeling HPV Self-Sampling Impact on Cervical Cancer in East African Immigrants.

Introduction: Cervical cancer screening uptake among East African immigrants in the U.S. is low.

Design of a pragmatic trial integrating human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling into primary care to reduce cervical cancer screening disparities in Somali American individuals: The Isbaar project.

Background: Somali American individuals have lower cervical cancer screening rates than the U.S. general population.

Vaccine effectiveness against anal HPV among men who have sex with men aged 18-45 years attending sexual health clinics in three United States cities, 2018-2023.

Background: We assessed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine effectiveness (VE) against anal HPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 2018-2023.

Methods: Residual anal specimens from MSM without HIV ages 18-45 years were tested for HPV. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between vaccination (≥1 dose) and quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV)-type prevalence adjusting for city, race/ethnicity, and non-vaccine-type HPV prevalence, stratified by age group (18-26, 27-45).

Association between racial residential segregation and screening uptake for colorectal and cervical cancer among Black and White patients in five US health care systems.

Background: Despite increased recognition that structural racism contributes to poorer health outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities, there are knowledge gaps about how current patterns of racial residential segregation are associated with cancer screening uptake. The authors examined associations between Black residential segregation and screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) and cervical cancer among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White adults.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of CRC and cervical cancer screening-eligible adults from five health care systems within the Population-Based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR II) Consortium (cohort entry, 2010-2012).

A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of human papillomavirus self-sampling and informational materials among diverse populations.

Background: Disparities in cervical cancer screening rates among marginalized groups is a driver of inequalities in cervical cancer. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is a newly emerging alternative to clinician-performed testing to screen for cervical cancer, and has high potential to reduce screening barriers in under-screened and marginalized groups. We study the acceptability in of HPV self-sampling and informational materials among Black/African American, Hispanic/Spanish speaking, American Indian/Alaska Native and transgender/nonbinary populations.

Methylation markers for anal cancer screening: A repeated cross-sectional analysis of people living with HIV, 2015-2016.

People living with HIV (PLWH) are at highest risk of anal cancer and will benefit from optimized screening for early disease detection. We compared host DNA methylation markers in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) versus samples negative for intraepithelial lesions (NILM) or low-grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in PLWH. We recruited PLWH identifying as male aged ≥18 years undergoing high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) in Seattle, Washington, 2015-2016.

Determinants of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Concordance Across Anatomic Sites in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women, 3 U.S. Cities, 2016-2018.

Background: Among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW), the dynamics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections at different anatomical sites are not well understood. Information on HPV concordance between anatomic sites can inform the extent of autoinoculation, and susceptibility of different anatomic areas to HPV infection. We described and assessed correlates of HPV concordance across anal, oral, and genital samples.

Association of Maternal Cervical Cancer Screening Adherence with Adolescent HPV Vaccination Among Adolescent-Mother Pairs.

Less than two-thirds of US adolescents are up-to-date with HPV vaccination. While mothers engaged in preventive care are more likely to seek preventive care for their children, current studies on associations between maternal cervical cancer screening (CCS) and adolescent HPV vaccination are needed. We assessed associations between maternal preventive service utilization and adolescent HPV vaccination using electronic health record data from a healthcare system in Washington State.

Protocol to measure validity and reliability of colorectal, breast, cervical and lung cancer screening questions from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey: Methodology and design.

Previous studies demonstrate that self-reports of mammography screening for breast cancer and colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer demonstrate concordance, based on adherence to screening guidelines, with electronic medical records (EMRs) in over 90% of those interviewed, as well as high sensitivity and specificity, and can be used for monitoring our Healthy People goals. However, for screening tests for cervical and lung cancers, and for various sub-populations, concordance between self-report and EMRs has been noticeably lower with poor sensitivity or specificity. This study aims to test the validity and reliability of lung, colorectal, cervical, and breast cancer screening questions from the 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

Integrating HPV self-collect into primary care to address cervical cancer screening disparities.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collect shows promise to increase cervical cancer screening rates in underscreened populations, such as Somali patients, but little is known about how to integrate such an approach in primary care. In this study, primary care providers and staff who provide primary care services to Somali women were asked for their views on integrating HPV self-collect into routine care to address cervical cancer screening disparities. Thirty primary care providers and staff participated in semi-structured interviews exploring their views on HPV self-collect and their anticipated needs or barriers to implementing this approach into the clinic generally and with specific patient populations, such as Somali women.

Durability of single-dose HPV vaccination in young Kenyan women: randomized controlled trial 3-year results.

Cervical cancer burden is high where prophylactic vaccination and screening coverage are low. We demonstrated in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, controlled trial that single-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination had high vaccine efficacy (VE) against persistent infection at 18 months in Kenyan women. Here, we report findings of this trial through 3 years of follow-up.

Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening With Mailed Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kits: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Optimal strategies for increasing cervical cancer screening may differ by patient screening history and health care setting. Mailing human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling kits to individuals who are overdue for screening increases adherence; however, offering self-sampling kits to screening-adherent individuals has not been evaluated in the US.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of direct-mail and opt-in approaches for offering HPV self-sampling kits to individuals by cervical cancer screening history (screening-adherent and currently due, overdue, or unknown).

Derivation and Internal Validation of a Disease-Specific Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Model for Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis and Psoriasis.

Objective: To address suboptimal cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with psoriatic disease (PsD), we developed and internally validated a five-year disease-specific cardiovascular risk prediction model.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of participants with PsD without a history of cardiovascular events. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and PsD-related measures of disease activity were considered as potential predictors.

Impact of different financial incentive structures on a web-based health survey: do timing and amount matter?

Aim: Financial incentives improve response to electronic health surveys, yet little is known about how unconditional incentives (guaranteed regardless of survey completion), conditional incentives, and various combinations of incentives influence response rates. We compared electronic health survey completion with two different financial incentive structures.

Methods: We invited women aged 30-64 years enrolled in a U.

Implementation studio: implementation support program to build the capacity of rural community health educators serving immigrant communities to implement evidence-based cancer prevention and control interventions.

Purpose: Rural community-based organizations (CBOs) serving immigrant communities are critical settings for implementing evidence-based interventions (EBIs). The Implementation Studio is a training and consultation program focused on facilitating the selection, adaptation, and implementation of cancer prevention and control EBIs. This paper describes implementation and evaluation of the Implementation Studio on CBO's capacity to implement EBIs and their clients' knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and intention to screen.

The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage in US Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) contribute to adverse health outcomes in adulthood. Access to preventive health care services, including genital human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations, may mitigate the impact of ACEs on adverse health outcomes. Our objective was to assess associations between ACEs and HPV vaccination coverage among young adults.

Economic Evaluation of Mailed Home-Based Human Papillomavirus Self-sampling Kits for Cervical Cancer Screening.

Importance: Human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling addresses barriers to cervical cancer screening, and mailed self-sampling kits have been reported to increase screening uptake. International research suggests mailed kits are cost-effective in certain settings. However, the cost-effectiveness of mailing HPV self-sampling kits for increasing screening uptake has not been evaluated in the US.

Understanding the effect of new U.S. cervical cancer screening guidelines and modalities on patients' comprehension and reporting of their cervical cancer screening behavior.

With recent shifts in guideline-recommended cervical cancer screening in the U.S., it is important to accurately measure screening behavior.

Provider- and Facility-Level Variation in Precancerous Cervical Biopsy Diagnoses.

Objectives: Reproducibility of cervical biopsy diagnoses is low and may vary based on where the diagnostic test is performed and by whom. Our objective was to measure multilevel variation in diagnoses across colposcopists, pathologists, and laboratory facilities.

Methods: We cross-sectionally examined variation in cervical biopsy diagnoses within the 5 sites of the Population-Based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens (PROSPR I) consortium within levels defined by colposcopists, pathologists, and laboratory facilities.

Effect of Patient Characteristics on Uptake of Screening Using a Mailed Human Papillomavirus Self-sampling Kit: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Mailing human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling kits increases cervical cancer screening participation, but effects may differ across subpopulations. Subpopulation data can inform US health care system implementation.

Objective: To identify patient characteristics that modify effectiveness of a mailed kit intervention at increasing screening.

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Human Papillomavirus Clearance Among Women in Senegal, West Africa.

Background: Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with development of invasive cervical cancer.

Methods: Longitudinal data was collected from 174 Senegalese women. We employed marginal Cox proportional hazards models to examine the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status (HIV positive vs HIV negative) and HIV type (HIV-1 vs HIV-2 vs dual HIV-1/HIV-2) on clearance of type-specific HPV infection.

Design of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of home-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling for increasing cervical cancer screening uptake in a U.S. healthcare system: The STEP trial.

Background: Mailing HPV self-sampling kits to overdue individuals increases cervical cancer screening adherence; offering self-sampling to previously adherent individuals has not been evaluated in the U.S. Given heterogeneity of the U.

Evaluation of Harms Reporting in U.S. Cancer Screening Guidelines.

Background: Cancer screening should be recommended only when the balance between benefits and harms is favorable. This review evaluated how U.S.

Gaps in the screening process for women diagnosed with cervical cancer in four diverse US health care settings.

Background: Potential care gaps in the cervical cancer screening process among women diagnosed with cervical cancer in an era with increased human papillomavirus (HPV) testing have not been extensively evaluated.

Methods: Women diagnosed with cervical cancer between ages 21 and 65 at four study sites between 2010 and 2014 were included. Screening histories were ascertained from 0.