Dining in Blue Light Impairs the Appetite of Some Leaf Epiphytes.

The phyllosphere is subjected to fluctuating abiotic conditions. This study examined the phenotypic plasticity (PP) of four selected non-phototrophic phyllosphere bacteria [control strain: sp. DR 5-09; , serovar (Bti), and (SG)] regarding their respiration patterns and surfactant activity as affected by light spectrum and nutrient supply.

Size Matters: Biological and Food Safety Relevance of Leaf Damage for Colonization of O157:H7 .

This study examined the biological and food safety relevance of leaf lesions for potential invasion of food pathogens into the plant tissue (internalization). This was done by determining the role of artificial leaf damage in terms of damaged leaf area on proliferation of O157:H7 +. In a two-factorial experiment, unwashed fresh baby leaf spinach ( L.

High-throughput method for detection and quantification of lesions on leaf scale based on trypan blue staining and digital image analysis.

Background: Field-grown leafy vegetables can be damaged by biotic and abiotic factors, or mechanically damaged by farming practices. Available methods to evaluate leaf tissue damage mainly rely on colour differentiation between healthy and damaged tissues. Alternatively, sophisticated equipment such as microscopy and hyperspectral cameras can be employed.

Multi-year dynamics of ranavirus, chytridiomycosis, and co-infections in a temperate host assemblage of amphibians.

Chytridiomycosis and ranavirosis are 2 emerging infectious diseases that have caused significant global amphibian decline. Although both have received much scrutiny, little is known about interactions between the 2 causative agents Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and ranavirus (Rv) at the individual host and population levels. We present the first longitudinal assessment of Bd, Rv, and co-infections of a temperate amphibian assemblage in North America.

The Hurdle Approach-A Holistic Concept for Controlling Food Safety Risks Associated With Pathogenic Bacterial Contamination of Leafy Green Vegetables. A Review.

Consumers appreciate leafy green vegetables such as baby leaves for their convenience and wholesomeness and for adding a variety of tastes and colors to their plate. In Western cuisine, leafy green vegetables are usually eaten fresh and raw, with no step in the long chain from seed to consumption where potentially harmful microorganisms could be completely eliminated, e.g.

Light spectrum modifies the utilization pattern of energy sources in Pseudomonas sp. DR 5-09.

Despite the overruling impact of light in the phyllosphere, little is known regarding the influence of light spectra on non-phototrophic bacteria colonizing the leaf surface. We developed an in vitro method to study phenotypic profile responses of bacterial pure cultures to different bands of the visible light spectrum using monochromatic (blue: 460 nm; red: 660 nm) and polychromatic (white: 350-990 nm) LEDs, by modification and optimization of a protocol for the Phenotype MicroArray™ technique (Biolog Inc., CA, USA).

Fungal Planet description sheets: 107-127.

Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Phytophthora amnicola from still water, Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi from Castanea sp., Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiae from Corymbia sp., Diaporthe eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus sp.

Dispersal and movement mechanisms of Phytophthora capsici sporangia.

Understanding the mechanisms of Phytophthora capsici sporangial dissemination is paramount to understanding epidemic initiation and development. Direct laboratory observations showed P. capsici sporangial dispersal occurred in water with capillary force, but did not occur in response to wind or a reduction in relative humidity.

Differential interference with Pythium ultimum sporangial activation and germination by Enterobacter cloacae in the corn and cucumber spermospheres.

Differential protection of plants by Enterobacter cloacae was studied by investigating early sensing and response behavior of Pythium ultimum sporangia toward seeds in the presence or absence of E. cloacae. Ten percent of P.

Temporal release of fatty acids and sugars in the spermosphere: impacts on Enterobacter cloacae-induced biological control.

The aim of this study was to determine the temporal release of fatty acids and sugars from corn and cucumber seeds during the early stages of seed germination in order to establish whether sugars found in exudate can prevent exudate fatty acid degradation by Enterobacter cloacae. Both saturated (long-chain saturated fatty acids [LCSFA]) and unsaturated (long-chain unsaturated fatty acids [LCUFA]) fatty acids were detected in corn and cucumber seed exudates within 15 min after seed sowing. LCSFA and LCUFA were released at a rate of 26.