Publications by authors named "Win Min Han"

Background: Simplified approaches to HCV treatment delivery are needed to meet elimination goals. However, the impact of low-touch strategies on individuals at higher risk due to treatment failure or reinfection is unknown. We estimated HCV reinfection rates, and the impact of resistance associated substitutions (RASs) on response in the ACTG A5360 (MINMON) trial.

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While HIV infection and clonal hematopoiesis (CH) have been linked with inflammatory dysregulation and an increased risk of aging-related comorbidities, their relationship with clinical geriatric syndromes has not been well defined. In the Age-related Clonal Haematopoiesis in an HIV Evaluation Cohort (ARCHIVE) study (NCT04641013), we measure associations between HIV and CH and geriatric syndromes. Of 345 participants (176 with HIV and 169 without HIV), 23% had at least one mutation associated with CH: 27% with HIV and 18% without HIV (p = 0.

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Malnutrition is a risk factor of sarcopenia in the elderly. During the COVID-19 pandemic, limited transportation and supply chain disruptions restricted access to nutritious foods. We assessed the nutritional status and sarcopenia risk in older people living with HIV (PLWH) on combination antiretroviral therapy in Thailand.

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Introduction: Immune dysregulation persists in people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and may lead to accelerated vascular ageing and cardiovascular disease (CVD). While delayed time to initiation of ART has been linked to worse cardiovascular outcomes, the effect of ART initiation during acute infection on these outcomes is not well understood.

Methods: Participants were enrolled from the SEARCH010/RV254 acute HIV (AHI) and HIV-NAT chronic HIV (CHI) cohorts in Thailand.

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Article Synopsis
  • Australia is progressing toward UNAIDS's 95-95-95 targets for HIV management, but the study explores the prevalence of HIV viral blips, low-level viraemia (LLV), and virologic failure (VF) in a cohort from 2010-2021.
  • The research included 2,544 participants on antiretroviral therapy and found that although the incidence of virologic failure decreased, rates of blips and LLV remained constant; those with blips or LLV were at higher risk for VF.
  • Key risk factors for virologic failure included co-infection with Hepatitis B, younger age, and lower CD4 counts at the start of treatment, and understanding these predictors can
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Introduction: The link between fatty liver diseases and cognitive impairment among people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unclear. We investigated the association of steatotic liver disease (SLD), advanced liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with significant activity and liver fibrosis with cognitive impairment in PLWH.

Methods: Cognitive performance was assessed for PLWH aged ≥50 years on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) with the Thai-validated version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and a cut-off of <25/30 was used to define cognitive impairment.

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People with immunocompromising conditions are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality, however early in the pandemic it was challenging to collate data on this heterogenous population. We conducted a registry study of immunocompromised individuals with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from March-October 2020 in Sydney, Australia to understand clinical and laboratory outcomes in this population prior to the emergence of the Delta variant. 27 participants were enrolled into the study including people with a haematologic oncologic conditions (n = 12), secondary immunosuppression (N = 8) and those with primary or acquired immunodeficiency (i.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The INSIGHT 006 trial tested Flu-IVIG, an antibody treatment, showing beneficial outcomes for patients with influenza B but not for those with influenza A.
  • - Analysis of patient sera revealed that specific antibody types and their ability to bind to Fcγ receptors played a role in treatment effectiveness, with positive outcomes linked to higher FcγR-binding antibodies in influenza B patients.
  • - The study emphasizes the importance of understanding antibody functionalities in improving treatments for influenza, indicating that targeted therapies could enhance patient outcomes, particularly for influenza B infections.
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Introduction: A change in terminology from fatty liver disease to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), along with modified diagnostic criteria, was proposed in 2020, and data regarding MAFLD burden in people living with HIV are limited. We investigated associations between MAFLD and immune activation, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks including epicardial fat volume, and steatohepatitis in an Asian cohort.

Methods: We evaluated CVD risk (epicardial fat tissue, coronary artery calcium [CAC] score, and 10-year atherosclerotic CVD [ASCVD] score) in people living with HIV aged >50 years.

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Background: We evaluated trends in CD4/CD8 ratio among people living with HIV (PLWH) starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) with first-line integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) compared with non-INSTI-based ART, and the incidence of CD4/CD8 ratio normalization.

Methods: All PLWH enrolled in adult HIV cohorts of IeDEA Asia-Pacific who started with triple-ART with at least 1 CD4, CD8 (3-month window), and HIV-1 RNA measurement post-ART were included. CD4/CD8 ratio normalization was defined as a ratio ≥1.

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Background: Aging characteristics in people living with HIV (PLWH) are heterogeneous, and the identification of risk factors associated with aging-related comorbidities such as neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and frailty is important. We evaluated predictors of novel aging markers, phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) and their association with comorbidities, frailty, and NCI.

Methods: In a cohort of PLWH and age- and sex-matched HIV-negative controls, we calculated PhenoAge using chronological age and 9 biomarkers from complete blood counts, inflammatory, metabolic-, liver- and kidney-related parameters.

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There are limited data regarding bone health in older people living with HIV (PWH), especially those of Asian ethnicity. We aimed to determine whether BMD in well-suppressed HIV-infected men and women aged ≥ 50 years are different from HIV-uninfected controls. In a cross-sectional study, BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and calciotropic hormones were measured.

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Background: We compared weight changes in virally suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) switching to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) with those remaining on an INSTI or non-INSTI regimen.

Methods: PLWH aged ≥18 years with weight measurements available at baseline between 2001 and 2020 were included. Viral suppression was defined as having had a viral load <400 copies/mL for 6 months.

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Objective: To assess the prevalence, and factors associated with QTc interval prolongation, among 383 virologically suppressed people with HIV (PWH), without evidence of cardiovascular disease and active opportunistic infections in Thailand.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Resting 12-lead digital ECGs were performed in 2019.

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Introduction: Among high tuberculosis (TB) and HIV burden countries in Asia, tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has been underutilized despite its proven benefits independent of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therefore, we determined the incidence of active TB and mortality among 9179 adult PLWH who attended and received ART from 15 tertiary care hospitals across Thailand.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 2018 using follow-up data from 1999 to 2018.

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Data are lacking or outdated on burden of HIV, viral hepatitis infection, and sexually transmitted infections such as syphilis among people deprived of liberty in the Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to evaluate the proportion of viral hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), HIV, and syphilis infections, and factors associated with HCV, HBV, and HIV infection in a central male prison. A cross-sectional study was performed among 1,028 people deprived of liberty from a central male prison in Bangkok, Thailand.

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Objectives: HIV infection is associated with ectopic fat deposition, which leads to chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic dysregulation. We assessed the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and its associated factors among people with HIV (PWH).

Design: A cross-sectional study.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study evaluated viral suppression rates in children, adolescents, and adults with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) over three years, aiming to support UNAIDS's 95-95-95 targets and the undetectable equals untransmittable concept.
  • - Data were collected from 7 cohorts within the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS consortium, focusing on individuals who started ART between 2010 and 2019 at 148 sites across 31 countries, with viral load monitoring.
  • - Findings revealed that only 36% of children and adolescents and 44% of adults achieved viral suppression one year after starting ART, with rates declining over the subsequent years to 24% and 29%,
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Objectives: We investigated weight changes following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its association with all-cause mortality among Asian adults living with HIV.

Methods: Participants enrolled in a regional Asian HIV-infected cohort with weight and height measurements at ART initiation were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. Factors associated with weight changes and incident MetS (according to the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) definition) were analysed using linear mixed models and Cox regression, respectively.

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Background: This study investigated the sustained virologic responses (SVRs) among prisoners with hepatitis C virus (HCV) using universal test-and-treat approach by prison health care workers in a central male prison in Thailand.

Methods: A universal HCV screening was conducted in a maximum-security central prison (Klong Prem Central Prison) in Thailand. HCV RNA-confirmed prisoners were treated with generic sofosbuvir/velpatasvir by prison health care workers, regardless of their HCV genotypes and duration of prison sentences.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets aim for 90% of people on antiretroviral treatment (ART) to achieve viral suppression by 2020, but different countries use varying thresholds for reporting this success, necessitating a standardized approach to measure against the <1000 copies/ml benchmark.
  • - The study explored three statistical models (Weibull, Pareto, and reverse Weibull) to analyze viral load distributions in patients receiving ART, using extensive data from global and national databases.
  • - Results indicated that the reverse Weibull model is the most reliable for estimating viral suppression levels when adjusting data, showcasing significant regional variations in viral load distributions and demonstrating the importance of accurate models for public health reporting.
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Introduction: Data on HIV treatment outcomes in people who inject drugs (PWID) in the Asia-Pacific are sparse despite the high burden of drug use. We assessed immunological and virological responses, AIDS-defining events and mortality among PWID receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods: We investigated HIV treatment outcomes among people who acquired HIV via injecting drug use in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) between January 2003 and March 2019.

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