Compromised Nipple-Areola Complex Perfusion after Reduction Mammaplasty or Mastopexy: A Retrospective Evaluation of Different Treatments.

Background: Necrosis of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) is a rare but devastating complication after reduction mammaplasty or mastopexy. Various approaches for improving compromised perfusion of the NAC have been described. However, detailed data on this topic in the literature is still scarce.

Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of miraDry Procedure in the Treatment of Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis.

Introduction: Primary axillary hyperhidrosis significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. miraDry, a non-invasive local precisely controlled thermal energy procedure, represents a promising treatment option. This retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the treatment success and patient safety following miraDry procedure in the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis.

Seasonal Impact on Wound Healing and Surgical Site Infections after Reduction Mammoplasty.

The incidence of reduction mammoplasty has been steadily increasing over recent decades. Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a common yet preventable complication across surgical disciplines. Studies across various surgical specialties have indicated a seasonal influence on SSIs, primarily correlated with higher temperatures and humidity.

"Try to Build This Bunny as Fast as Possible without Using Red or Pink Bricks": How Simple Assembly Tasks Might Aid in Detecting People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

(1) Background: Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are still underdiagnosed in the general population. Impaired odor identification has been identified as an early marker of MCI and dementia. We aim to investigate whether short tasks, in which simple forms must be assembled from single building blocks based on a template or while considering specific re-strictions, could increase the diagnostic quality of established cognitive screening tests in detecting MCI or dementia.

Interrogating two extensively self-targeting Type I CRISPR-Cas systems in Xanthomonas albilineans reveals distinct anti-CRISPR proteins that block DNA degradation.

CRISPR-Cas systems store fragments of invader DNA as spacers to recognize and clear those same invaders in the future. Spacers can also be acquired from the host's genomic DNA, leading to lethal self-targeting. While self-targeting can be circumvented through different mechanisms, natural examples remain poorly explored.

"Mmm, Smells like Coffee!": How a Brief Odor Identification Test Could Help to Identify People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

(1) Background: Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are still underdiagnosed in the general population. Impaired odor identification has been identified as an early marker of MCI and dementia. We aimed to compare the additional diagnostic value of two odor identification tests to a cognitive screening test in detecting MCI or dementia.

A predicted CRISPR-mediated symbiosis between uncultivated archaea.

CRISPR-Cas systems defend prokaryotic cells from invasive DNA of viruses, plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Here, we show using metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and single-cell genomics that CRISPR systems of widespread, uncultivated archaea can also target chromosomal DNA of archaeal episymbionts of the DPANN superphylum. Using meta-omics datasets from Crystal Geyser and Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory, we find that CRISPR spacers of the hosts Candidatus Altiarchaeum crystalense and Ca.

Molecularly Defined Polyolefin Vitrimers from Catalytic Insertion Polymerization.

Vitrimers can combine the advantageous properties of cross-linked materials with thermoplastic processability. For the prominent case of polyethylene, established post-polymerization introduction of cross-linkable moieties results in extremely heterogeneous compositions of the chains. Here, we report the generation of functionalized polyethylenes directly by catalytic insertion polymerization, with incorporated cross-linkable aryl boronic esters or alternatively acetal-protected groups suited for cross-linking with difunctional boronic esters.

Cognitive Remediation in Psychiatric Disorders: State of the Evidence, Future Perspectives, and Some Bold Ideas.

Many people with psychiatric disorders experience impairments in cognition. These deficits have a significant impact on daily functioning and sometimes even on the further course of their disease. Cognitive remediation (CR) is used as an umbrella term for behavioral training interventions to ameliorate these deficits.

Rapid cell-free characterization of multi-subunit CRISPR effectors and transposons.

CRISPR-Cas biology and technologies have been largely shaped to date by the characterization and use of single-effector nucleases. By contrast, multi-subunit effectors dominate natural systems, represent emerging technologies, and were recently associated with RNA-guided DNA transposition. This disconnect stems from the challenge of working with multiple protein subunits in vitro and in vivo.

A TXTL-Based Assay to Rapidly Identify PAMs for CRISPR-Cas Systems with Multi-Protein Effector Complexes.

Type I CRISPR-Cas systems represent the most common and diverse type of these prokaryotic defense systems and are being harnessed for a growing set of applications. As these systems rely on multi-protein effector complexes, their characterization remains challenging. Here, we report a rapid and straightforward method to characterize these systems in a cell-free transcription-translation (TXTL) system.

Noncanonical crRNAs derived from host transcripts enable multiplexable RNA detection by Cas9.

CRISPR-Cas systems recognize foreign genetic material using CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs). In type II systems, a trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA) hybridizes to crRNAs to drive their processing and utilization by Cas9. While analyzing Cas9-RNA complexes from , we discovered tracrRNA hybridizing to cellular RNAs, leading to formation of "noncanonical" crRNAs capable of guiding DNA targeting by Cas9.

CRISPR-Cas Systems and the Paradox of Self-Targeting Spacers.

CRISPR-Cas immune systems in bacteria and archaea record prior infections as spacers within each system's CRISPR arrays. Spacers are normally derived from invasive genetic material and direct the immune system to complementary targets as part of future infections. However, not all spacers appear to be derived from foreign genetic material and instead can originate from the host genome.

An enhanced assay to characterize anti-CRISPR proteins using a cell-free transcription-translation system.

The characterization of CRISPR-Cas immune systems in bacteria was quickly followed by the discovery of anti-CRISPR proteins (Acrs) in bacteriophages. These proteins block different steps of CRISPR-based immunity and, as some inhibit Cas nucleases, can offer tight control over CRISPR technologies. While Acrs have been identified against a few CRISPR-Cas systems, likely many more await discovery and application.

Analyzing the relationship between urbanization, food supply and demand, and irrigation requirements in Jordan.

The landscape surrounding urban areas is often used as farmland. With the observed expansion of urban areas over the last decades and a projected continuation of this trend, our objective was to analyze how urbanization affects food supply and demand in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. We used a chain of simulation models covering components of the atmosphere (climate simulations), biosphere (crop yield calculations), and anthroposphere (simulations of urban expansion and land-use change) to calculate the effect of farmland displacement on land and water resources (hydrosphere).

Phenalen-1-One-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy and Chlorhexidine Applied to a Novel Caries Biofilm Model.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be useful as a supportive antimicrobial measure for caries-active subjects. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of aPDT with a phenalen-1-one photosensitizer was evaluated in a novel in vitro biofilm model comprising Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Streptococcus mutans and was compared to chlorhexidine. The proposed biofilm model allows high-throughput screening for antimicrobial efficacy while exhibiting a differentiated response to different antimicrobial approaches.

Functionalisation of silica-carbonate biomorphs.

Biomorphs are a unique class of self-organised silica-carbonate mineral structures with elaborate shapes. Here we report first approaches to modify these complex inorganic architectures through silane chemistry, binding of nanoparticles, and organic polymerisation. This leads to functional nanostructures in which the complexity of the originally inorganic template is preserved, and offers new diagnostic tools to study the mechanisms underlying their formation.

Crystal structure of bis-[(phenyl-methanamine-κN)(phthalocyaninato-κ(4) N)zinc] phenyl-methan-amine tris-olvate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2[Zn(C32H16N8)(C7H9N)]·3C7H9N, comprises two independent complex mol-ecules and three benzyl-amine solvent mol-ecules. Each complex mol-ecule features a penta-coordinated Zn(2+) ion within a square-pyramidal geometry, whereby the N5 donor set is defined by four atoms of the phthalocyaninate dianion (PC) and an N-bound benzyl-amine mol-ecule; it is the relative orientations of the latter that differentiate between the independent complex mol-ecules. The uncoordinated benzyl-amine mol-ecules display different conformations in the structure, with syn-Car-Car-Cm-N (ar = aromatic, m = methyl-ene) torsion angles spanning the range -28.

Long-Spaced Polyketones from ADMET Copolymerizations as Ideal Models for Ethylene/CO Copolymers.

Long-spaced polyketones containing 0-52.6 ketone groups per 1000 methylene units were prepared by ADMET copolymerization of docosa-1,21-dien-11-one () with undeca-1,10-diene (), followed by exhaustive hydrogenation. Melting point differences of 5-10 °C were found between these polyketones and their reported congeners from ethylene/CO copolymerizations with comparable CO contents, which were related to additional methyl branching occurring in insertion copolymerization.

Model-based analysis of the environmental impacts of grazing management on Eastern Mediterranean ecosystems in Jordan.

Eastern Mediterranean ecosystems are prone to desertification when under grazing pressure. Therefore, management of grazing intensity plays a crucial role to avoid or to diminish land degradation and to sustain both livelihoods and ecosystem functioning. The dynamic land-use model LandSHIFT was applied to a case study on the country level for Jordan.

4-(Prop-2-yn-1-yl-oxy)benzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile.

In the title compound, C(11)H(6)N(2)O, the complete mol-ecule is generated by the application of crystallographic twofold symmetry (the mol-ecule is disordered about this axis). The prop-2-yn-1-yl residue is slightly twisted out of the plane of the benzene ring [C-O-C-C torsion angle = 173.1 (3)°] and is orientated away from the nitrile substituents.

4,5-Diphen-oxy-benzene-1,2-dicarbo-nitrile.

In the title compound, C(20)H(12)N(2)O(2), the phenyl and benzene rings are mutually perpendicular, with the dihedral angle between the phenyl rings being 87.92 (16)° and those formed between the phenyl rings and the benzene rings being 73.68 (15) and 84.

Unusual cluster shapes and directional bonding of an fcc metal: Pt/Pt(111).

Small clusters of Pt adatoms grown on Pt(111) exhibit a preference for the formation of linear chains, which cannot be explained by simple diffusion-limited aggregation. Density functional theory calculations show that short chains are energetically favorable to more compact configurations due to strong directional bonding by d(z)(2)-like orbitals, explaining the stability of the chains. The formation of the chains is governed by substrate distortions, leading to funneling towards the chain ends.

High island densities in pulsed laser deposition: causes and implications.

By studying metal growth on Pt(111), we determine the reasons for the high island densities observed in pulsed laser deposition (PLD) compared to conventional thermal deposition. For homoepitaxy by PLD with moderate energies ( < or approximately 100 eV) of the deposited ions, high island densities are caused by the high instantaneous flux of arriving particles. Additional nuclei are formed at high ion energies (> or approximately 200 eV) by adatoms created by the impinging ions.