Characteristics of neuronal lipofuscin in the superior temporal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease do not differ from non-diseased controls: a comparison with disease-related changes in the superior frontal gyrus.

Neuronal lipofuscin characteristics in the superior temporal gyrus from 21 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and from 18 age-matched non-diseased subjects were compared with previously reported findings from the superior frontal gyrus. A discriminant function analysis of lipofuscin characteristics in the superior temporal gyrus did not provide a significant predictive level for cases whose diagnoses were correctly classified (56.4%, P=0.

Lipopigment Changes in Purkinje Cells in Alzheimer's Disease.

Cerebellar tissue was examined from 22 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and from an age-matched group of 20 non-diseased subjects. Intraneuronal lipopigment in the bodies of 1344 Purkinje cells (PCs) (32 per brain) was identified by fluorescence microscopy. The mean total area (per PC) of the outlines of discrete regions of lipopigment in a PC perikaryon for the AD-related group of PCs was significantly greater than the mean for the comparison group (p<0.

Alzheimer's disease: distribution of changes in intraneuronal lipopigment in the frontal cortex.

Brains from 22 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 non-diseased subjects were examined. Intraneuronal lipopigment in 2,440 nucleolated neurons throughout the depth of cortex was identified by fluorescence microscopy. In the AD brains, the mean total area per neuron of the outlines of lipopigment was significantly increased in the region adjacent to the brain surface (sixths 1-3), and analysis of variance showed a significant interaction between depth of cortex (in sixths) and AD for this lipopigment variable (p = 0.

Effects of chronic chlorpromazine or lithium administration on ageing-related lipopigment in rat Purkinje neurones.

Ageing-related accumulation of neuronal lipopigment is considered to be debris from processes of renewal of cellular constituents, but can also reflect cell damage and certain diseases. Chlorpromazine (an example of a class of drug chronically administered in psychiatric practice) has been reported to reduce neuronal lipopigment accumulation, and the present study investigated the effects of 28 weeks of chlorpromazine administration on lipopigment in rat Purkinje neurones. The effects of 26 weeks of lithium administration (also chronically administered in psychiatric practice) were also studied.

The morphology of lipopigment in rat Purkinje neurons after chronic acetyl-L-carnitine administration: a reduction in aging-related changes.

The aging-related accumulation of neuronal lipopigment is considered to be cellular debris from processes of renewal of cellular constituents, but it can also reflect cell damage and certain diseases. Acetyl-L-carnitine (AC) has been reported to reduce some morphological and behavioral associations of brain aging and the present study investigated the effects of 37 weeks of AC administration on lipopigment in rat Purkinje neurons. Lipopigment was identified by fluorescence microscopy and the area enclosed by an outline of each discrete region of lipopigment was measured.

Changes in intraneuronal lipopigment in Alzheimer's disease.

Brains were examined from 22 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (mean age 80.5, S.D.

The effects of ageing and a vitamin E-deficient diet on the lipopigment content of rat hippocampal and Purkinje neurones.

This study examined associations between a vitamin E-deficient diet, ageing and aspects of the morphology of neuronal lipopigment in rat hippocampal and Purkinje neurones. Groups of rats given a standard diet were killed at 6, 12, 18 and 25 months of age, while a group which had received a vitamin E-deficient diet from 1-18 months were killed at 18 months of age. Lipopigment within a neuronal cell body consists of a number of discrete regions of varying size.

Lipopigment in rat hippocampal and Purkinje neurones after chronic phenytoin administration.

The accumulation of lipopigment may indicate ageing, certain diseases and cellular damage, while phenytoin, which has been claimed to cause selective clinical cerebellar dysfunction and degeneration, has been reported to produce increased lipopigment accumulation in rat Purkinje neurones. In the present study, 8 rats received phenytoin, 300 mg/kg/day for 20 weeks, and were compared with a control group of 9 rats in respect of lipopigment in Purkinje and hippocampal neurones. Neuronal lipopigment was identified by fluorescence microscopy.

Platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptors, defined with agonist and antagonist ligands, in depressed patients, prior to and following treatment.

Saturation binding of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, 3H-yohimbine, and displacement of 3H-yohimbine with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, UK-14,304, were performed concurrently in platelet membranes obtained from drug-free depressed patients and healthy volunteers. Where possible platelet binding was repeated in depressed patients following treatment. The number and affinity of 3H-yohimbine binding sites did not differ between controls and depressed patients, or when depressed patients were divided on the basis of endogenicity (Newcastle or RDC criteria) or dexamethasone test result.

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in major depressive and eating disorders.

Plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) levels were measured in 49 subjects with major depressive disorder, 15 subjects with anorexia nervosa and 18 subjects with bulimia nervosa, together with age- and sex-matched controls. AGP levels were elevated in depression and bulimia compared to controls. They were particularly elevated in depressed subjects who proved unresponsive to treatment with a standard course of antidepressants.

Platelet [3H]imipramine and alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding in normal subjects during desipramine administration and withdrawal.

The effect of desipramine 150 mg daily on platelet [3H]imipramine and alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding sites was studied over a 6-week period and for 6 weeks after withdrawal. Modest (10%) increases in [3H]imipramine binding site densities during treatment were noted with a decrease between 1 and 4 weeks after withdrawal. No effect was found on alpha 2-adrenoceptors.

3H-imipramine binding to previously frozen platelet membranes from depressed patients, before and after treatment.

3H-imipramine binding in 39 drug-free patients with major depression and 44 healthy controls did not differ significantly between the two groups, in male or female subjects or in subgroups of depressed patients divided by endogenicity or dexamethasone suppression test result. 3H-imipramine binding in depressed patients drug-free for less than three weeks did not differ from those drug-free for longer intervals or from controls. A significant seasonal variation of 3H-imipramine Bmax was found, with lower values in summer and autumn.

Autofluorescence emission spectra of neuronal lipopigment in mucopolysaccharidosis (Sanfilippo's syndrome).

Characteristics of intraneuronal lipopigment in two siblings with Sanfilippo's syndrome are reported. A lipopigment emission spectrum probably reflects its composition and the (uncorrected) autofluorescence emission spectra results are compared with spectra from non-diseased tissue and from previously reported childhood-onset neuronal ceroidlipofuscinoses (ceroidoses), adult-onset ceroidosis (Kufs' disease) and animal ceroidoses. Values derived from the emission spectra from Sanfilippo's syndrome could be distinguished from those obtained from equivalent regions of non-diseased brains and were within the range of abnormal values previously reported from accumulations of pigment in various types of neuronal ceroidosis.

Pulpal response to a new visible light-cured composite restorative material: Fotofil.

A new visible light-cured composite resin, Fotofil, has been developed for the esthetic restoration of anterior teeth. The pulpal responses elicited by this material in unlined cavities and cavities lined with Dycal were compared with those elicited by a negative control consisting of modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement Notebec and a silicate cement Syntrex. The pulpal responses were evaluated in the permanent maxillary and mandibular incisors in vervet monkeys using labial Claterial in each monkey.