CONFIRMS: A Toolkit for Scalable, Black Box Connectome Assessment and Investigation.

The nanoscale connectomics community has recently generated automated and semi-automated "wiring diagrams" of brain subregions from terabytes and petabytes of dense 3D neuroimagery. This process involves many challenging and imperfect technical steps, including dense 3D image segmentation, anisotropic nonrigid image alignment and coregistration, and pixel classification of each neuron and their individual synaptic connections. As data volumes continue to grow in size, and connectome generation becomes increasingly commonplace, it is important that the scientific community is able to rapidly assess the quality and accuracy of a connectome product to promote dataset analysis and reuse.

Displayed Depression Symptoms on Facebook at Two Time Points: Content Analysis.

Background: Depression is a prevalent and problematic mental disorder that often has an onset in adolescence. Previous studies have illustrated that depression disclosures on social media are common and may be linked to an individual's experiences of depression. However, most studies have examined depression displays on social media at a single time point.

Perceived environmental supports for fruit and vegetable consumption among older adults in the US.

Background: The physical and social environments surrounding food, whether perceived or observed, can influence consumers' food choices by changing food access, and affordability, or by changing settings where food-related behaviors occur.

Aim: To describe older adults' perceived food environment, identify the most important sites and factors that enable healthy eating, and explore older adults' recommendations for communities to facilitate fruit and vegetable consumption.

Methods: Participants aged 60 and older from metropolitan areas in Massachusetts, Iowa, and Illinois completed a researcher-administered survey to rate the perceived environment including accessibility, availability, and affordability of fruits and vegetables, and perceived importance of factors and establishments related to fruit and vegetable consumption.

Toward a scalable framework for reproducible processing of volumetric, nanoscale neuroimaging datasets.

Background: Emerging neuroimaging datasets (collected with imaging techniques such as electron microscopy, optical microscopy, or X-ray microtomography) describe the location and properties of neurons and their connections at unprecedented scale, promising new ways of understanding the brain. These modern imaging techniques used to interrogate the brain can quickly accumulate gigabytes to petabytes of structural brain imaging data. Unfortunately, many neuroscience laboratories lack the computational resources to work with datasets of this size: computer vision tools are often not portable or scalable, and there is considerable difficulty in reproducing results or extending methods.

What College Students Post About Depression on Facebook and the Support They Perceive: Content Analysis.

Background: College students frequently use social media sites to connect with friends. Increasingly, research suggests college students and other young adults seek mental health-related support on social media, which may present a unique venue for intervention.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine college students' perceptions about displaying feelings of depression on Facebook and, in turn, how their social media friends responded.

Drivers of Hospital Length of Stay in Medicaid and Commercially Insured Mother-Infant Pairs With a Diagnosis of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: The occurrence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) mirrors the growing opioid epidemic in the United States. As Medicaid covers a majority of cases, the commercially insured population has largely been ignored for NAS risk.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine Medicaid and commercially insured mother-infant pairs to determine demographic and clinical characteristics associated with NAS length of stay (LOS).

Grain Boundary Phase Segregation for Dramatic Improvement of the Thermoelectric Performance of Oxide Ceramics.

This work presents a novel approach of dramatically increasing the energy conversion efficiency of thermoelectric CaMnO ceramics through the combination of lattice dopants substitution and secondary phase segregation at the grain boundaries. The oxide ceramic samples are with the nominal composition of Ca Bi MnCu O ( x = 0, 0.02, 0.

Recruitment of Participants and Delivery of Online Mental Health Resources for Depressed Individuals Using Tumblr: Pilot Randomized Control Trial.

Background: Adolescents and young adults frequently post depression symptom references on social media; previous studies show positive associations between depression posts and self-reported depression symptoms. Depression is common among young people and this population often experiences many barriers to mental health care. Thus, social media may be a new resource to identify, recruit, and intervene with young people at risk for depression.

Unusual primary tumors presenting as papillary carcinomas metastatic to the neck.

The presence of a metastatic papillary carcinoma in the neck is presumptive evidence of a primary thyroid neoplasm since neck metastases of other primary tumors are uncommon. Immunohistochemical studies may be required to diagnose these metastases. We report 2 cases in which an unrelated tumor mimicked a thyroid malignancy.

A new optical probe for the detection of the sentinel lymph node using patent blue V dye in breast cancer: A preliminary study.

The present study presents a novel near-infrared optical probe for the sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in breast cancer patients, based on the recording of scattered photons. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of patent blue V (PBV), a dye routinely injected during clinical practice. A combined injection of the dye and radioactive colloid was used in the 24 patients enrolled in the study.

Measuring and improving productivity in general radiology.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine a method of measuring productivity among general radiographers in a moderate-sized hospital and to improve and sustain productivity within that work area.

Methods: The average times needed to perform the 13 most common examinations were measured. Performance of the various examinations was tracked and multiplied by the time allocated per procedure; this measure was divided by the length of the work shift to determine productivity.

Semi-quantitative evaluation of estrogen receptor expression is a strong predictive factor of pathological complete response after anthracycline-based neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in hormonal-sensitive breast cancer.

Absence of hormonal receptors (HR) expression is a predictive factor of high pathologic complete response (pCR) rate after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. However, HR-positive tumors are less chemosensitive. In the present study, we evaluated the predictive value of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) semi-quantitative expression in patients with HR-positive tumors treated uniformly with antracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy without hormonal treatment.

Myeloid Sarcoma of the Uterine Cervix as Presentation of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia after Treatment with Low-Dose Radioiodine for Thyroid Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The development of acute myeloid leukaemia after low-dose radioiodine therapy and its presentation as a myeloid sarcoma of the uterine cervix are both rare events. We report a case of acute myeloid leukaemia revealed by a myeloid sarcoma of the uterine cervix in a 48-year-old woman, 17 months after receiving a total dose of 100 mCi (131)I for papillary thyroid cancer. A strict hematological follow-up of patients treated with any dose of (131)I is recommended to accurately detect any hematological complications which might have been underestimated.

[A locally advanced intrathyroid metastasis of bronchial cancer].

Purpose: To assess the characteristics, the diagnosis and the treatment of intrathyroid metastasis.

Method: The authors report a case of a locally advanced intrathyroid metastasis of a bronchial cancer.

Results: A 60-year-old woman, treated seven years before for a well-differentiated bronchial adenocarcinoma, developed enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Prospective multicentric randomized study comparing periareolar and peritumoral injection of radiotracer and blue dye for the detection of sentinel lymph node in breast sparing procedures: FRANSENODE trial.

Purpose: To determine the optimal injection path for blue dye and radiocolloid for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in early breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: A prospective randomized multicentric study was initiated to compare the peritumoral (PT) injection site to the periareolar (PA) site in 449 patients.

Results: The detection rate of axillary SLN by lymphoscintigraphy was significantly higher (P = .

Breast specimen lumpectomy orientation: which technique is the best?

The authors report a cheap, simple, reliable and reproducible technique of breast specimen lumpectomy orientation.

Anal localization as first manifestation of metastatic ductal breast carcinoma.

The incidence of extrahepatic gastrointestinal metastases from breast cancer is reported in the literature only as necroscopy studies (6-18%); they usually originate from lobular or a mixed ductal-lobular subtype. Nonspecific presenting symptoms, death of the patients caused by other more frequent metastases, and variable radiographic features mimicking primary neoplasms cause a clinical underestimation of this pathology. We report here a case of rectal metastasis from an invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

Comparative value of tumour grade, hormonal receptors, Ki-67, HER-2 and topoisomerase II alpha status as predictive markers in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of five different biological factors in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy: (1) tumour grade scored according to the Elston-Ellis classification, (2) hormonal receptor (HR) status; (3) tumour cell proliferation evaluated by Ki-67 staining, (4) HER-2 and topoisomerase II alpha (TopoIIalpha) expression evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), (5) HER-2 and TopoIIalpha amplification evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 119 patients with operable breast cancer were treated with six cycles of FEC (100 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 500 mg/m2, Epirubicin 100 mg/m2, Cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2). Tumour response was assessed clinically and by computed tomography (CT) scan, then by pathological assessment.

Visual function in Huntington's disease patients and presymptomatic gene carriers.

Disturbances of visual cognition, visuomotor performance, and visual memory have been described frequently in Huntington's disease (HD). Early stage visual abnormalities could contribute to these deficits. We evaluated visual processing in 20 control subjects who were non-gene carriers at risk for HD, nine presymptomatic gene-positive subjects, and eight subjects with a recent diagnosis of Huntington's disease.

Psychometrically matched visual-processing tasks in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Patients with schizophrenia show deficits in visual perception and working memory, but the relationship between these deficits has not been characterized with psychometrically matched tasks. The authors administered 2 visual discrimination and 6 recognition tasks to 43 schizophrenia spectrum patients and 22 nonpsychiatric subjects. When performing difficulty-matched tasks, spectrum subjects showed more severe impairments for motion compared with form processing.

Personality dimensions in schizophrenia: associations with symptoms and coping.

While individual differences in personality exist among persons with schizophrenia and predate the onset of illness, less is known about their relationship to outcome. This study examined whether levels of three personality dimensions-neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness-are associated with symptomatology and coping in persons with schizophrenia. Symptom, personality, and coping measures were obtained for 59 participants with schizophrenia.

Visual processing and neuropsychological function in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Persons with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder exhibit deficits in both visual processing and neuropsychological tasks. Little is known, however, about whether these deficits are related to one another. We administered psychophysical tests of visual discrimination and recognition, and neuropsychological tests of abstract flexibility, verbal learning, visual memory, working memory and attention to 42 outpatients with stable but chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.