Epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis and Repeat Positivity Following Detection in New York State.

Background: In New York State, excluding New York City, chlamydia remains a persistent health concern. Our aim was to characterize chlamydia epidemiology and identify groups at higher risk of repeat positivity to inform targeted public health interventions.

Methods: We analyzed demographic and clinical data of laboratory-confirmed chlamydia cases in New York State from 2015 to 2019.

Rbpms2 promotes female fate upstream of the nutrient sensing Gator2 complex component Mios.

Reproductive success relies on proper establishment and maintenance of biological sex. In many animals, including mammals, the primary gonad is initially ovary biased. We previously showed the RNA binding protein (RNAbp), Rbpms2, is required for ovary fate in zebrafish.

Rbpms2 promotes female fate upstream of the nutrient sensing Gator2 complex component, Mios.

Reproductive success relies on proper establishment and maintenance of biological sex. In many animals, including mammals, the primary gonad is initially ovary in character. We previously showed the RNA binding protein (RNAbp), Rbpms2, is required for ovary fate in zebrafish.

β-lapachone regulates mammalian inositol pyrophosphate levels in an NQO1- and oxygen-dependent manner.

Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) are energetic signaling molecules with important functions in mammals. As their biosynthesis depends on ATP concentration, PP-InsPs are tightly connected to cellular energy homeostasis. Consequently, an increasing number of studies involve PP-InsPs in metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, aspects of tumorigenesis, and hyperphosphatemia.

Effectiveness of JYNNEOS Vaccine Against Diagnosed Mpox Infection - New York, 2022.

In 2022, an international Monkeypox virus outbreak, characterized by transmission primarily through sexual contact among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), resulted in 375 monkeypox (mpox) cases in the state of New York outside of New York City (NYC).* The JYNNEOS vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic), licensed by the U.S.

Effects of Ozone on Sickness and Depressive-like Behavioral and Biochemical Phenotypes and Their Regulation by Serum Amyloid A in Mice.

Ozone (O) is an air pollutant that primarily damages the lungs, but growing evidence supports the idea that O also harms the brain; acute exposure to O has been linked to central nervous system (CNS) symptoms such as depressed mood and sickness behaviors. However, the mechanisms by which O inhalation causes neurobehavioral changes are limited. One hypothesis is that factors in the circulation bridge communication between the lungs and brain following O exposure.

Genome-wide association and genotype by environment interactions for growth traits in U.S. Red Angus cattle.

Background: Genotypic information produced from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays has routinely been used to identify genomic regions associated with complex traits in beef and dairy cattle. Herein, we assembled a dataset consisting of 15,815 Red Angus beef cattle distributed across the continental U.S.

Amyloid Beta Pathology Exacerbates Weight Loss and Brain Cytokine Responses following Low-Dose Lipopolysaccharide in Aged Female Tg2576 Mice.

Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, less is understood about how existing AD pathology contributes to adverse outcomes following acute inflammatory insults. In the present study, our goal was to determine how AD-associated amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology influences the acute neuroinflammatory and behavioral responses to a moderate systemic inflammatory insult. We treated 16-18-month-old female Tg2576 (Tg) mice, which overproduce human Aβ and develop plaques, and age-matched wild-type (WT) littermate mice with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.

Effects of Anesthesia on Ozone-Induced Lung and Systemic Inflammation.

Purpose: Anesthetics are required for procedures that deliver drugs/biologics, infectious/inflammatory agents, and toxicants directly to the lungs. However, the possible confounding effects of anesthesia on lung inflammation and injury are underreported. Here, we evaluated the effects of two commonly used anesthetic regimens on lung inflammatory responses to ozone in mice.

Postpartum Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV in a Breastfeeding Infant.

This article is an examination of MTCT of HIV through breastfeeding in a mother who seroconverted postnatally.

Evaluation of Drug-Related Risk Behaviors Among Females Diagnosed With Early Syphilis in New York State (Excluding New York City), 2013 to 2018.

This evaluation describes an increase in reported drug-related risk behaviors among females who are diagnosed with early syphilis over a 5-year span in New York State, excluding New York City. Integrating sexually transmitted infection prevention efforts with harm reduction services may help decrease syphilis rates in areas where drug-related risk behavior rates are high.

A stable immature lattice packages IP for HIV capsid maturation.

HIV virion assembly begins with the construction of an immature lattice consisting of Gag hexamers. Upon virion release, protease-mediated Gag cleavage leads to a maturation event in which the immature lattice disassembles and the mature capsid assembles. The cellular metabolite inositiol hexakisphosphate (IP) and maturation inhibitors (MIs) both bind and stabilize immature Gag hexamers, but whereas IP promotes virus maturation, MIs inhibit it.

A Peek Into the Future: How a Pandemic Resulted in the Creation of Models to Predict the Impact on Sexually Transmitted Infection(s) in New York State (Excluding New York City).

During the initial height of COVID-19 in New York State excluding New York City in March 2020, reports of sexually transmitted infections declined. Prediction models developed to estimate the incidence of early syphilis and gonorrhea during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to study impact on STI diagnoses/reporting and inform sexual health program planning.

MINPP1 prevents intracellular accumulation of the chelator inositol hexakisphosphate and is mutated in Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia.

Inositol polyphosphates are vital metabolic and secondary messengers, involved in diverse cellular functions. Therefore, tight regulation of inositol polyphosphate metabolism is essential for proper cell physiology. Here, we describe an early-onset neurodegenerative syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in the multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase 1 gene (MINPP1).

Analysis of inositol phosphate metabolism by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

The analysis of myo-inositol phosphates (InsPs) and myo-inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) is a daunting challenge due to the large number of possible isomers, the absence of a chromophore, the high charge density, the low abundance, and the instability of the esters and anhydrides. Given their importance in biology, an analytical approach to follow and understand this complex signaling hub is desirable. Here, capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is implemented to analyze complex mixtures of InsPs and PP-InsPs with high sensitivity.

Interplay between primary familial brain calcification-associated SLC20A2 and XPR1 phosphate transporters requires inositol polyphosphates for control of cellular phosphate homeostasis.

Solute carrier family 20 member 2 (SLC20A2) and xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 (XPR1) are transporters with phosphate uptake and efflux functions, respectively. Both are associated with primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a genetic disease characterized by cerebral calcium-phosphate deposition and associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The association of the two transporters with the same disease suggests that they jointly regulate phosphate fluxes and cellular homeostasis, but direct evidence is missing.

In vitro modeling of blood-brain barrier and interface functions in neuroimmune communication.

Neuroimmune communication contributes to both baseline and adaptive physiological functions, as well as disease states. The vascular blood-brain barrier (BBB) and associated cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) serve as an important interface for immune communication between the brain and periphery through the blood. Immune functions and interactions of the BBB and NVU in this context can be categorized into at least five neuroimmune axes, which include (1) immune modulation of BBB impermeability, (2) immune regulation of BBB transporters, secretions, and other functions, (3) BBB uptake and transport of immunoactive substances, (4) immune cell trafficking, and (5) BBB secretions of immunoactive substances.

Alanine to serine substitutions drive thermal adaptation in a psychrophilic diatom cytochrome c.

In this study, we investigate the thermodynamic mechanisms by which electron transfer proteins adapt to environmental temperature by directly comparing the redox properties and folding stability of a psychrophilic cytochrome c and a mesophilic homolog. Our model system consists of two cytochrome c proteins from diatoms: one adapted specifically to polar environments, the other adapted generally to surface ocean environments. Direct electrochemistry shows that the midpoint potential for the mesophilic homolog is slightly higher at all temperatures measured.

Cellular IP Levels Limit HIV Production while Viruses that Cannot Efficiently Package IP Are Attenuated for Infection and Replication.

HIV-1 hijacks host proteins to promote infection. Here we show that HIV is also dependent upon the host metabolite inositol hexakisphosphate (IP) for viral production and primary cell replication. HIV-1 recruits IP into virions using two lysine rings in its immature hexamers.

Genome-wide association and genotype by environment interactions for growth traits in U.S. Gelbvieh cattle.

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays have facilitated discovery of genetic markers associated with complex traits in domestic cattle; thereby enabling modern breeding and selection programs. Genome-wide association analyses (GWAA) for growth traits were conducted on 10,837 geographically diverse U.S.

ITPK1 mediates the lipid-independent synthesis of inositol phosphates controlled by metabolism.

Inositol phosphates (IPs) comprise a network of phosphorylated molecules that play multiple signaling roles in eukaryotes. IPs synthesis is believed to originate with IP generated from PIP by phospholipase C (PLC). Here, we report that in mammalian cells PLC-generated IPs are rapidly recycled to inositol, and uncover the enzymology behind an alternative "soluble" route to synthesis of IPs.

The inositol hexakisphosphate kinases IP6K1 and -2 regulate human cellular phosphate homeostasis, including XPR1-mediated phosphate export.

Phosphate's central role in most biochemical reactions in a living organism requires carefully maintained homeostasis. Although phosphate homeostasis in mammals has long been studied at the organismal level, the intracellular mechanisms controlling phosphate metabolism are not well-understood. Inositol pyrophosphates have emerged as important regulatory elements controlling yeast phosphate homeostasis.

Inositol Phosphates Purification Using Titanium Dioxide Beads.

Inositol phosphates (IPs) comprise a family of ubiquitous eukaryotic signaling molecules. They have been linked to the regulation of a pleiotropy of important cellular activities, but low abundance and detection difficulties have hampered our understanding. Here we present a method to purify and enrich IPs or other phosphate-rich metabolites from mammalian cells or other sample types.

Scripted-IMPROV: Interactive Improvisational Drama With Persons With Dementia-Effects on Engagement, Affect, Depression, and Quality of Life.

Scripted-IMPROV (SI) is a nonpharmacological (ecopsychosocial) intervention that consists of semi-improvised drama performances specifically designed for persons with dementia (PWD). In this 12-site study, 178 PWD took part in the SI intervention. Levels of engagement/affect were assessed at baseline and again during SI performances; quality of life (via the Dementia Quality of Life scale) and depression (via the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form [GDS-SF]) were assessed at baseline and post-treatment.