Publications by authors named "Wilson Jacob-Filho"

Advanced heart failure primarily manifests during and after hospitalization for decompensation. Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for distinguishing patients who may benefit from drug therapy from those with end-stage disease. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of systemic vasoconstriction in patients with decompensated heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction.

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Objective: To investigate differences in the prevalence of frailty between LGBT+ and non-LGBT+ older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving Brazilians aged 50 and over was performed. The participants were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey between August 2019 and January 2020.

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Hypertension, a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, is linked to late-life neurocognitive disorders such as vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study explores the associations between hypertension, intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), and Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) in a large community-based autopsy study. This cross-sectional study used data from the Biobank for Aging Studies of the University of São Paulo Medical School.

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Background: The association of moderate and severe dementia with low body mass index (BMI) is well described, but weight decline seems to also occur in individuals with preclinical neuropathologies. Considering that up to one-fifth of individuals with normal cognition meet the criteria for a dementia-related neuropathological diagnosis, autopsy studies are key to detecting preclinical neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases that could be underlying weight changes.

Objective: We investigated the association between dementia-related brain lesions and BMI and evaluated whether the cognitive function was a mediator of this association.

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Importance: Race differences in dementia prevalence and incidence have previously been reported, with higher dementia burden in Black decedents. However, previous neuropathological studies were conducted mostly in convenience samples with White participants; conducting clinicopathological studies across populations is crucial for understanding the underlying dementia causes in individuals from different racial backgrounds.

Objective: To compare the frequencies of neuropathological lesions and cognitive abilities between Black and White Brazilian adults in an autopsy study.

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Context: Vehicle driving depends on the integration of motor, visual, and cognitive skills to respond appropriately to different situations that occur in traffic.

Objectives: To analyze a model of performance predictor for braking time in the driving simulator, using a battery of tests divided by gender.

Methods: Selected were 100 male drivers with a mean age of 72.

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Sarcopenia screening tools have a low capacity to predict adverse outcomes that are consequences of sarcopenia in the elderly population. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a new sarcopenia screening tool SARC-GLOBAL to predict negative clinical outcomes in the elderly. A total of 395 individuals were evaluated in a 42-month period.

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Background: Sleep-wake dysfunction is an early and common event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) regulates the sleep and wake cycle through wake-promoting orexinergic neurons (OrxN) and sleep-promoting melanin-concentrating hormone or MCHergic neurons (MCHN). These neurons share close anatomical proximity with functional reciprocity.

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Background: Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE-ε4) is the main genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may impact cognitive function also via other neuropathological lesions. However, there is limited evidence available from diverse populations, as APOE associations with dementia seem to differ by race. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the pathways linking APOE-ε4 to cognitive abilities through AD and non-AD neuropathology in an autopsy study with an admixed sample.

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The implementation of a geriatric oncology service is challenging in both high-income and low-and-middle-income countries. The Octavio Frias de Oliveira Institute of Cancer of Sao Paulo (ICESP) is a tertiary healthcare complex of the Clinics Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo Medical School and is considered a model of excellence in oncology in Latin America. The objective of this manuscript is to describe 10 years of the geriatric oncology service at ICESP and the challenges for its implementation.

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Objective: This study aimed to correlate oral and general health in frail and non-frail older adults.

Methods: This observational study included 52 older adults, of whom 35 were frail (Frail Group), and 17 were non-frail (Non-Frail Group), according to Fried's self-reported test addressing oral health variables, number of systemic diseases, and medications in use. The geriatric oral health assessment index was used to assess the oral hygiene of the groups.

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Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele has been associated with higher carotid atherosclerosis risk, while the APOE-ε2 seems to decrease this risk. Data from autopsy studies, where carotid arteries can be evaluated in their full extension, is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the association between APOE alleles and direct morphometric measurements of carotid atherosclerosis in an autopsy study with an admixed sample.

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Poor nutrition increases the risk of diseases and adverse health outcomes in older adults. We evaluated the potential inadequacy of nutrient intake among older adults in Brazil and its association with body anthropometry and composition outcomes. Dietary intake was obtained from 295 community-living older adults (>60 years old), of both genders, using a seven-day food record.

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We aimed to investigate associations between sleep quality with selected quantitative and qualitative parameters of health in older individuals with obesity. Cross-sectional assessment (n = 95 men/women; ≥ 65 years; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) of sleep quality, body composition, handgrip strength, quality-of-life, anxiety/depression. Mean PSQI score was 6.

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Article Synopsis
  • Bipolar disorder (BD) can worsen over time for some individuals, but there is limited understanding of the molecular changes that occur as patients age.
  • In this study, researchers analyzed gene expression in the hippocampus of 11 older BD patients compared to 11 matched controls, using advanced microarray technology to identify relevant genes.
  • They found 25 genes that were mostly downregulated in BD patients, with several having previous links to BD and other psychiatric disorders, suggesting potential targets for further research into the condition's underlying mechanisms in older adults.
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Multimodal training may induce positive effects in different physical domains. Compared to unimodal training, multimodal training allows similar effect sizes at lower overall training volumes. Studies are needed to investigate the potential value of multimodal training with systematic training, especially compared to other exercise-based interventions.

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Background: Studying the effects of smoking intensity is important to evaluate the risk of tobacco use on a range of illnesses, such as as sarcopenia among the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of pack-years of cigarette smoking on the diaphragm muscle (DIAm) histopathology of postmortem samples.

Methods: Subjects were divided into three groups: never-smoker ( = 46); less than 30 pack-years of smoking ( = 12); and more than 30 pack-years of smoking ( = 30).

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Sarcopenia is a progressive skeletal muscle disorder associated with aging, resulting in loss of muscle mass and function. It has been linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hormonal changes (i.e.

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Background: Coronary atherosclerosis assessed in vivo was associated with cognitive impairment; however, conflicting findings have been reported in autopsy samples.

Objective: Our aims were to assess the association between atherosclerotic stenosis in the coronary arteries and cognitive impairment and to investigate the possibility of selection bias in an autopsy study.

Methods: Coronary arteries were collected, and the largest luminal stenosis was measured.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for dementia, which is a common neurodegenerative disorder. DM is known to activate inflammation, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generation, all capable of inducing neuronal dysfunctions, thus participating in the neurodegeneration progress. In that process, disturbed neuronal glucose supply plays a key role, which in hippocampal neurons is controlled by the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4).

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The human cerebral cortex is one of the most evolved regions of the brain, responsible for most higher-order neural functions. Since nerve cells (together with synapses) are the processing units underlying cortical physiology and morphology, we studied how the human neocortex is composed regarding the number of cells as a function of sex and age. We used the isotropic fractionator for cell quantification of immunocytochemically labeled nuclei from the cerebral cortex donated by 43 cognitively healthy subjects aged 25-87 years old.

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The ability to drive depends on the motor, visual, and cognitive functions, which are necessary to integrate information and respond appropriately to different situations that occur in traffic. The study aimed to evaluate older drivers in a driving simulator and identify motor, cognitive and visual variables that interfere with safe driving through a cluster analysis, and identify the main predictors of traffic crashes. We analyzed the data of older drivers (n = 100, mean age of 72.

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Introduction: Cognitive impairment is common after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, associations between post-hospital discharge risk factors and cognitive trajectories have not been explored.

Methods: A total of 1105 adults (mean age ± SD 64.

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Context: Many studies show the importance of evaluating the adaptation time of subjects in a virtual driving environment, looking forwards to a response as closest as a possible real vehicle.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify and analyze the adaptation to the driving simulator in older adults and middle-aged adults with and without a distraction, and a secondary aim was to identify predictors of safe performance for older adults' drives.

Design: Male and female middle-aged adults (n = 62, age = 30.

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