Allelic variants and immunostaining profile in CXCL12/CXCR4 axis: An investigation of association with prognosis in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the malignant neoplasm that most commonly affects men and is an important cause of death. It can be detected by changes in serum levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination, but often symptoms do not appear until advanced stages and metastases. The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12/C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) axis acts in cell migration and may be involved in the metastatic process.

Genetic and Chromosomal Differentiation of Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) Revealed by Repetitive Molecular Markers and DNA Barcoding.

Rhamdia quelen, a species of Heptapteridae, is considered to be a complex because of taxonomic and phylogenetic inconsistencies. Determining the physical location of repetitive DNA sequences on the chromosomes and the DNA barcode might increase our understanding of these inconsistencies within different groups of fish. To this end, we analyzed R.

Chromosomal Mapping of Repetitive DNA Sequences in the Genus Bryconamericus (Characidae) and DNA Barcoding to Differentiate Populations.

The mapping of repetitive DNA sites by fluorescence in situ hybridization has been widely used for karyotype studies in different species of fish, especially when dealing with related species or even genera presenting high chromosome variability. This study analyzed three populations of Bryconamericus, with diploid number preserved, but with different karyotype formulae. Bryconamericus ecai, from the Forquetinha river/RS, presented three new cytotypes, increasing the number of karyotype forms to seven in this population.