Induction of HIV type 1 expression correlates with T cell responsiveness to mycobacteria in patients coinfected with HIV type 1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

An in vitro mononuclear cell system to model the microenvironment of coinfection with HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was developed. This cellular system was used to assess the interaction of MTB-infected monocytes and T cells from dually infected HIV-1/TB patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Subjects with higher induction of HIV-1 gag/pol mRNA expression after MTB stimulation had increased MTB-specific T cell IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production.

Higher plasma myeloperoxidase levels are not associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events in HIV-infected adults.

Objectives: Elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels are predictive of high cardiovascular (CV) risk in the general population. The value of MPO as a CV marker in the HIV population has not been investigated.

Method: Medical records were reviewed to identify HIV+ patients with a documented CV event (myocardial ischemia/infarction) and stored plasma samples within 12 months prior to the event.

Predictive value of plasma HIV RNA level on rate of CD4 T-cell decline in untreated HIV infection.

Context: Plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA level predicts HIV disease progression, but the extent to which it explains the variability in rate of CD4 cell depletion is poorly characterized.

Objective: To estimate the proportion of variability in rate of CD4 cell loss predicted by presenting plasma HIV RNA levels in untreated HIV-infected persons.

Design: Repeated-measures analyses of 2 multicenter cohorts, comprising observations beginning on May 12, 1984, and ending on August 26, 2004.

Differences in the growth of paired Ugandan isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within human mononuclear phagocytes correlate with epidemiological evidence of strain virulence.

Previous studies have suggested that isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis responsible for tuberculosis outbreaks grow more rapidly within human mononuclear phagocytes than do other isolates. Clinical scenarios suggesting virulence of specific M. tuberculosis isolates are readily identified.

Renal dysfunction during high-dose cisplatin therapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: effect of aminoglycoside therapy.

Purpose: Renal dysfunction is a common cause of morbidity after cancer therapy and bone marrow transplantation. In this study, we evaluated the effects of aminoglycosides and other nephrotoxic antibiotics on the occurrence of renal dysfunction in patients who received high-dose cisplatin-containing chemotherapy regimens.

Patients And Methods: The subjects of this analysis were 102 consecutive patients, studied from September 1985 to February 1991, who received high-dose cisplatin, administered as 40 mg/m2 for 5 consecutive days in 3% saline with saline hydration and mannitol diuresis, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation.