Validation of a Cancer-Focused Information Seeking Experience (ISEE) Scale.

Background: Searching for health information is critical for maintaining one's health and reducing risk of disease, including cancer. However, some people are more likely to experience challenges in finding and comprehending health information; therefore, it is important to measure health information-seeking behavior. In order to add to prior research conducted with the scale, this study provides the first formal evaluation of the validity and reliability of the four-item, cancer-focused Information Seeking Experience (ISEE) scale in a cross-sectional, nationally representative health survey of U.

Circadian Intervention Improves Parkinson's Disease and May Slow Disease Progression: A Ten Year Retrospective Study.

Background: The involvement of the circadian system in the etiology and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is becoming an increasingly important topic. The prodromal symptoms of PD include insomnia, fatigue, depression and sleep disturbance which herald the onset of the primary symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor and rigidity while robbing patients of their quality of life. Light treatment (LT) has been implemented for modifying circadian function in PD but few studies have examined its use in a protracted term that characterizes PD itself.

(Mis)perception in Social Mobility: Optimistic Bias for Personal (but not Societal) Mobility Beliefs.

Cognitive biases affect how people perceive social class mobility. Previous studies suggest that people find it difficult to estimate actual economic social mobility accurately. These results have also noted differences between regions.

Circadian re-set repairs long-COVID in a prodromal Parkinson's parallel: a case series.

Background: In this case series, results from daily visual exposure to intense polychromatic light of 2000 to 4000 LUX is presented. Bright light treatment is a standard procedure for treating seasonal affective disorder and prodromal Parkinson's disease with high success. With the post-encephalitic symptoms of long-COVID closely approximating those of prodromal Parkinson's disease, we treated insomnia and sleep-related parameters in these patients, including total sleep, number of awakenings, tendency to fall back to sleep, and fatigue, to determine whether mending sleep could improve quality of life.

Immunoregulatory Macrophages Modify Local Pulmonary Immunity and Ameliorate Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Macrophages play a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease in pulmonary hypertension, and cell-based immunotherapies aimed at treating vascular remodeling are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the effect of pulmonary administration of macrophages modified to have an anti-inflammatory/proresolving phenotype in attenuating early pulmonary inflammation and progression of experimentally induced pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages were polarized in vitro to a regulatory (M2) phenotype.

Dynamic Protective Factors Relevant to Sexual Offending.

Purpose Of Review: Focusing on protective factors rather than risk factors potentially better aligns assessment with strengths-based treatment. We examine research into the assessment of protective factors to see whether it can play this role relative to sexual offending.

Recent Findings: Structured asses sment of protective factors is well developed relative to violent offending but only recently studied relative to sexual offending.

Individual values predict desiring more economic inequality: The moderator role of social mobility.

Attitudes towards economic inequality are crucial to uphold structural economic inequality in democratic societies. Previous research has shown that socioeconomic status, political ideology, and the objective level of economic inequality associated with individuals' attitudes towards economic inequality. However, some have suggested that people are aware of the individual and social features that are more functional according to the level of economic inequality.

Facilitators and Barriers to Understanding and Accepting People with a Sexual Interest in Children: A Thematic Analysis.

The widespread conflation between having a sexual interest in children and engaging in sexually abusive behavior contributes significantly to elevated levels of stigma targeted at people living with a sexual interest in children. Stigmatization and societal punitiveness surrounding people living with these interests can impact their well-being, obstruct help-seeking, and potentially increase risk of offending behavior. Recent quantitative research employing stigma intervention strategies has produced encouraging results in reducing stigmatizing attitudes toward this population.

Rising and falling on the social ladder: The bidimensional social mobility beliefs scale.

Recent works in the field of Social Psychology have shown the importance of studying subjective social mobility from different perspectives. In the literature about subjective societal mobility, most of the research is focused on the mobility-immobility framing. However, several authors suggested studying social mobility beliefs effects differentiating according to mobility's trajectory, that is, upward (i.

State-Specific Prevalence of Adult Tobacco Product Use and Cigarette Smoking Cessation Behaviors, United States, 2018-2019.

Introduction: Increasing quitting among people who smoke cigarettes is the quickest approach to reducing tobacco-related disease and death.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2018-2019 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey for 137,471 adult self-respondents from all 50 US states and the District of Columbia to estimate state-specific prevalence of current tobacco product use, interest in quitting smoking, past-year quit attempts, recent successful cessation (past-year quit lasting ≥6 months), receipt of advice to quit smoking from a medical doctor, and use of cessation medications and/or counseling to quit.

Results: Prevalence of current any-tobacco use (use every day or some days) ranged from 10.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Facilitate Neutrophil-Trained Immunity by Reprogramming Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

Novel therapeutics are urgently needed to prevent opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals undergoing cancer treatments or other immune-suppressive therapies. Trained immunity is a promising strategy to reduce this burden of disease. We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) preconditioned with a class A CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN), a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, can augment emergency granulopoiesis in a murine model of neutropenic sepsis.

Approach to the Hypoglycemic Patient.

Hypoglycemia is commonly encountered in the emergency department. Patients can present with a myriad of symptoms and its presentation can mimic other more serious diagnoses. Despite the relative ease of its management, clinicians often miss the diagnosis or mismanage it even when discovered.

Fine-tuning the circadian system with light treatment for Parkinson's disease: an in-depth, critical review.

Late in the twentieth century, interest intensified regarding the involvement of the circadian system in the aetiology and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been envisaged that this approach might provide relief beyond the limited benefits and severe side effects achieved by dopamine (DA) replacement. In the first clinical article, published in 1996, polychromatic light was used to shift the circadian clock as it is considered to be the most powerful zeitgeber (time keeper) that can be implemented to realign circadian phase.

Scabies prevalence after ivermectin-based mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis, Samoa 2018-2019.

Background: Scabies is a common skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabei mite. Ivermectin, one of three drugs used in mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis, is also effective for treating scabies. Ivermectin-based MDA was first conducted in Samoa in August 2018, with ivermectin being offered to those aged ≥5 years.

Immunoregulatory macrophages modify local pulmonary immunity and ameliorate hypoxic-pulmonary hypertension.

Rationale: Macrophages play a central role in the onset and progression of vascular disease in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and cell-based immunotherapies aimed at treating vascular remodeling are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of pulmonary administration of macrophages modified to have an anti-inflammatory/pro-resolving phenotype in attenuating early pulmonary inflammation and progression of experimentally induced PH.

Methods: Mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were polarized to a regulatory (M2 ) phenotype.

Spanish Adaptation of the Support for Economic Inequality Scale (S-SEIS).

Background: This study presents the adaptation and evidence of the validity of the Spanish version of the Support for Economic Inequality Scale (S-SEIS). This measure evaluates people's tendency to have positive attitudes toward economic inequality.

Method: Two correlational studies were conducted, one exploratory ( N = 619) and one confirmatory ( N = 562).

Cognitive and Affective Impacts of Antistigma Interventions Surrounding People with a Sexual Interest in Children.

Prevalent conflation between having a sexual interest in children and engaging in sexually abusive behavior contributes greatly to elevated levels of stigma directed at people living with a sexual interest in children. Contemporary quantitative research employing stigma intervention techniques has produced promising results in decreasing stigmatizing attitudes toward this population. This study aims to expand on this research by qualitatively analyzing the impact of two antistigma interventions.

Carbon stock, aggregate stability and hydraulic properties of soils under tillage, crop rotation and mineral fertiliser application in sub-humid Zimbabwe.

Appropriate tillage and crop diversifications can improve soil quality leading to yield sustainability. Our objective was to quantify tillage, crop rotation and mineral fertiliser application effects on carbon sequestration, aggregation and soil water movement after two cropping cycles in the smallholder sector of Zimbabwe. Two split-plot experiments were set up at four sites on sandy, loamy and clayey soils.

Wage (in)equality matters: the effect of organizational economic inequality on others' and self-ascriptions.

Economic inequality has consequences at the social-psychological level, such as in the way people make inferences about their environment and other people. In the present two preregistered studies, we used a paradigm of an organizational setting to manipulate economic inequality and measured ascriptions of agentic versus communal traits to employees and the self. In Study 1 ( = 187), participants attributed more agency than communion to a middle-status employee, and more communion than agency when economic equality was salient.

Does income inequality increase status anxiety? Not directly, the role of perceived upward and downward mobility.

Status anxiety theory posits that higher income inequality leads people to attribute more importance to their socioeconomic status and to worry about the position they occupy on the social ladder. We investigated through two experimental studies (N = 1117) the causal effect of economic inequality on status anxiety and whether expected upward and downward mobility mediates this effect. In Study 1, perceived economic inequality indirectly increased status anxiety through lesser expected upward mobility.

Patient-Centered Communication (PCC) scale: Psychometric analysis and validation of a health survey measure.

Introduction: Patient-centered communication (PCC) is one important component of patient-centered care and seen as a goal for most clinical encounters. Previous research has shown that higher PCC is related to an increase in healthy behaviors and less morbidity, among other outcomes. Given its importance, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) commissioned a monograph in 2007 to synthesize the existing literature on PCC and determine measurement objectives and strategies for measuring this construct, with a particular focus on cancer survivors.

Treating Smoking in Cancer Patients: An Essential Component of Cancer Care-The New National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control Monograph.

Purpose: Continued smoking after the diagnosis of cancer can markedly worsen oncology treatment side effects, cancer outcomes, cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality. Conversely, mounting evidence demonstrates that smoking cessation by patients with cancer improves outcomes. A cancer diagnosis often serves as a teachable moment, characterized by high motivation to quit.

Glycerol as a partial replacement for lactose in milk replacer for young dairy calves.

Glycerol (glycerin) is increasingly available from biodiesel manufacture and edible oil refining and it has been used successfully in diets for chickens, pigs, and adult cattle; however, less information is available on its nutritional value in young calves. Our objective was to determine the effects on calf growth and health when glycerol replaced a portion of lactose in milk replacer. Holstein calves (12 male, 12 female) born at the University of Illinois dairy unit were assigned alternately to 1 of 2 treatments (24 calves total): control milk replacer or milk replacer supplemented with 15% glycerol in replacement of lactose.