A nationwide analysis of maternal morbidity and acute postpartum readmissions in women with epilepsy.

Objective: To compare maternal delivery hospitalization characteristics and postpartum outcomes in women with epilepsy (WWE) versus women without common neurological comorbidities.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of index characterizations and short-term postpartum rehospitalizations after viable delivery within the 2015-2017 National Readmissions Database using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. Wald chi-squared testing compared baseline demographic, hospital and clinical characteristics and postpartum complications between WWE and controls.

A system for 3D reconstruction of comminuted tibial plafond bone fractures.

High energy impacts at joint locations often generate highly fragmented, or comminuted, bone fractures. Current approaches for treatment require physicians to decide how to classify the fracture within a hierarchy fracture severity categories. Each category then provides a best-practice treatment scenario to obtain the best possible prognosis for the patient.

Use of a VBX balloon expandable stent-graft for management of right brachiocephalic vein stenosis.

Here we describe the use of a VBX balloon expandable stent-graft (WL Gore, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) to treat a right brachiocephalic vein stenosis in a haemodialysis patient prior to ipsilateral upper limb arterio-venous (AV) fistula formation. Balloon expandable stent-grafts are unsuitable for treating peripheral fistula stenoses due to their susceptibility of being crushed. The right brachiocephalic vein is both relatively short in comparison to the left and is less susceptible to extrinsic compression and the use of such a device to treat stenosis here allows for very accurate placement and restoration of luminal diameter.

Targeted sonodynamic destruction of glioblastoma cells using antibody-titanium dioxide nanoparticle conjugates.

We present data on sonodynamic therapy (SDT) against glioblastoma cells utilizing titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles conjugated to anti-EGFR antibody. TiO nanoparticles were bound to anti-EGFR antibody to form antibody-nanoparticle conjugates (ANCs), then characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Cells underwent ultrasound and assessment on viability, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis were performed.

Comparative neurological safety of fluoroquinolones versus therapeutic alternatives.

Background: Fluoroquinolones, one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotic classes, have been implicated in cases of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) adverse events, which highlights the need for epidemiologic studies of the neurological safety of fluoroquinolones.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety of fluoroquinolones with regard to risk of diagnosed neurological dysfunction.

Methods: We conducted a propensity score-matched inception cohort study using claims data from a commercially insured population.

ESTIMATION OF CELL LINEAGE TREES BY MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD PHYLOGENETICS.

CRISPR technology has enabled cell lineage tracing for complex multicellular organisms through insertion-deletion mutations of synthetic genomic barcodes during organismal development. To reconstruct the cell lineage tree from the mutated barcodes, current approaches apply general-purpose computational tools that are agnostic to the mutation process and are unable to take full advantage of the data's structure. We propose a statistical model for the CRISPR mutation process and develop a procedure to estimate the resulting tree topology, branch lengths, and mutation parameters by iteratively applying penalized maximum likelihood estimation.

Tunnelled peritoneal drainage catheter placement for the palliative management of refractory ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Objective: Refractory ascites is an established indication for liver transplantation. While transplantation is regarded as the definitive therapy for this condition, many patients are unsuitable due to comorbidity or frailty. Alternatives such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) and large-volume paracentesis can lead to complications, including encephalopathy, circulatory and renal dysfunction, and protein-calorie deficiency that may accelerate sarcopenia.

Whole Clinic Research Enrollment in Parkinson's Disease: The Molecular Integration in Neurological Diagnosis (MIND) Study.

Background: Observational studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) have focused on relatively small numbers of research participants who are studied extensively. The Molecular Integration in Neurological Diagnosis Initiative at the University of Pennsylvania aims to characterize molecular and clinical features of PD in every patient in a large academic center.

Objective: To determine the feasibility and interest in a global-capture biomarker research protocol.

Translation initiation in cancer at a glance.

Cell division, differentiation and function are largely dependent on accurate proteome composition and regulated gene expression. To control this, protein synthesis is an intricate process governed by upstream signalling pathways. Eukaryotic translation is a multistep process and can be separated into four distinct phases: initiation, elongation, termination and recycling of ribosomal subunits.

Hypoxia: Uncharged tRNA to the Rescue!

A new study has identified genes that protect Caenorhabditis elegans from hypoxic stress. Genomic approaches and whole-organism proteomics reveal a regulatory interaction between a threonyl-tRNA synthetase and ribosome biogenesis that modulates global translation and hypoxic sensitivity.

Validation of a point-of-care polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of subspecies in rostral nasal swabs from horses with suspected strangles.

This study aimed to validate a point-of-care polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detection of subsp. in rostral nasal swabs from horses with suspected acute strangles and to compare the results against the molecular gold standard of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Two hundred thirty-two individual swabs of rostral nasal passages were characterized by qPCR as positive, subsp.

Community-led, integrated, reproducible multi-omics with anvi'o.

Big data abound in microbiology, but the workflows designed to enable researchers to interpret data can constrain the biological questions that can be asked. Five years after anvi’o was first published, this community-led multi-omics platform is maturing into an open software ecosystem that reduces constraints in ‘omics data analyses.

The mTOR regulated RNA-binding protein LARP1 requires PABPC1 for guided mRNA interaction.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical regulator of cell growth, integrating multiple signalling cues and pathways. Key among the downstream activities of mTOR is the control of the protein synthesis machinery. This is achieved, in part, via the co-ordinated regulation of mRNAs that contain a terminal oligopyrimidine tract (TOP) at their 5'ends, although the mechanisms by which this occurs downstream of mTOR signalling are still unclear.

Etoposide-Bound Magnetic Nanoparticles Designed for Remote Targeting of Cancer Cells Disseminated Within Cerebrospinal Fluid Pathways.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have potential for enhancing drug delivery in selected cancer patients, including those which have cells that have disseminated within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Here, we present data related to the creation and use of new two-part MNPs consisting of magnetic gold-iron alloy cores which have streptavidin binding sites, and are coated with biotinylated etoposide. Etoposide was chosen due to its previous use in the CSF and ease of biotinylation.

Trends in the Surgical Treatment of Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome in the United States.

Importance: Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) and cerebrospinal fluid shunting are sometimes used to treat pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS), but their use patterns are unknown.

Objectives: To investigate the frequency of surgical PTCS treatment in the United States and to compare patients undergoing ONSF with those treated with shunting.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional study.

Inconsistent reporting of drug-drug interactions for hormonal contraception and antiepileptic drugs - Implications for reproductive health for women with epilepsy.

Drug compendia are the source of safety prescribing information. We assessed the reporting concordance of drug-drug interactions between hormonal contraception and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) among eight leading international drug compendia. Antiepileptic drugs reported to interact with ≥1 form of hormonal contraception were reviewed.

A journey to 'tame a small metazoan organism', seen through the artistic eyes of researchers.

In the following pages, we share a collection of photos, drawings, and mixed-media creations, most of them especially made for this JoN issue, manifesting researchers' affection for their model organism and the founders of the field. This is a celebration of our community's growth, flourish, spread, and bright future. Descriptions provided by the contributors, edited for space.

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation of Phenol-Derived Propiolates and Certain Related Ethers as a Route to Selectively Functionalized Coumarins and 2-Chromenes.

Methods are reported for the efficient assembly of a series of phenol-derived propiolates, including the parent system , and their Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization (intramolecular hydroarylation) to give the corresponding coumarins (e.g., ).

Trends in oral anticoagulant co-prescription with antiepileptic drugs among adults with epilepsy, 2010-2018.

Treatment considerations for epilepsy patients requiring anticoagulation are changing, and actual prescribing practices have not been characterized. We used the 2010-2018 Optum Clinformatics® Data Mart Database to estimate the annual prevalence and distinguish the patterns of oral anticoagulants (OACs) co-dispensed with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) among adults with epilepsy. Monotonic trends were assessed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ).

Synthesis of spirocyclic heterocycles from α,β-unsaturated -acyliminium ions.

The reactions of α,β-unsaturated N-acyliminium ions, generated in situ from 4(S)-O-substitutedhydroxy-5-hydroxy-5-vinyl-N-alkylpyrrolidin-2-ones, with allylsilanes and indoles leading to the formation of spirocyclic heterocycles, are reported. Six single crystal X-ray structures and extensive 2D NMR experiments confirmed the structures and stereochemistries of these products. In addition, computational studies provided mechanistic insights and an understanding of the stereochemical outcomes of these reactions.

The added value of the advanced practice provider in paediatric acute care cardiology.

Objectives: Advanced practice providers (APPs) are being employed at increasing rates in order to meet new in-hospital care demands. Utilising the Paediatric Acute Care Cardiology Collaborative (PAC3) hospital survey, we evaluated variations in staffing models regarding first-line providers and assessed associations with programme volume, acuity of care, and post-operative length of stay (LOS).

Study Design: The PAC3 hospital survey defined staffing models and resource availability across member institutions.

Nipple-sparing mastectomy: A review of outcomes at a single institution.

Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers patients who are not candidates for breast-conserving treatment an aesthetically pleasing alternative to traditional mastectomy. Some studies have demonstrated its oncologic safety while others have demonstrated residual occult tumor cells at the nipple-areolar complex (NAC). These data prompt further review of oncologic outcomes after NSM.