Expression of stem and germ cell markers within nonfollicle structures in adult mouse ovary.

Recent studies have suggested that germline stem cells may generate new follicles in the adult murine ovary. In this study, the authors use a pou5f1-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic mouse model to study the expression of stem and germ cell markers in adult murine ovaries. Immunohistochemical analyses and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect the expression of mouse vasa homologue, stem cells factor receptor, stage-specific embryonic antigen 1, synaptonemal complex proteins, disrupted meiotic, and growth differentiation factor-9 in GFP+ ovarian tissues.

Hemodynamic effects of acute and repeated exposure to raloxifene in ovariectomized sheep.

We hypothesize that administration of acute and daily doses of raloxifene will have significant effects on ovine coronary and uterine hemodynamics and that these changes are estrogen receptor dependent. Eleven ovariectomized sheep were instrumented to measure mean arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and coronary (CBF) and uterine artery blood flows (UBF). A dose-response curve was generated for raloxifene (1, 3, and 10 microg/kg) and compared with a standard dose of estradiol-17beta (1 microg/kg) given intravenously.

Effects of combined use of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) and 17beta-estradiol on ovine coronary and uterine hemodynamics.

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine whether Viagra (Pfizer, New York, NY), a type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE-5) inhibitor, increases baseline coronary and uterine blood flow or potentiates estrogen-induced increases in blood flow.

Study Design: Seven nonpregnant ovariectomized ewes were chronically instrumented to measure blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and coronary and uterine blood flow. Estradiol-17beta (E2, 0.

Differential effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators and estrogens on mammary blood flow in the ovine.

Objective: Hormone replacement therapy has been implicated in the increased incidence of breast cancer, although selective estrogen receptor modulators have been shown to be effective in the prevention of breast cancer. Breast cancers are associated with increased mammary blood flow compared to benign breast lesions. However, few studies have examined the hemodynamic effects of hormonal agents on the mammary circulation that promote or reduce the risk of breast cancers.