Rabies in free-ranging capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) on Anchieta Island, Ubatuba, Brazil.

Between December 2019 and January 2020, three cases of rabies were reported in free-ranging capybaras on Anchieta Island, Ubatuba-SP, Brazil. This 8.28 km² island is located 540 m offshore from the mainland.

Correction: Perin et al. Rabies Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Free-Ranging Invasive Wild Boars () from Brazil. 2024, , 303.

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Rabies Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Free-Ranging Invasive Wild Boars () from Brazil.

Rabies, one of the most lethal global zoonoses, affects all mammals. It remains circulating worldwide in sylvatic cycles through terrestrial and airborne reservoirs, and in Brazil, bats are currently the main reservoirs and source of transmission. Wild boars, an important invasive alien species in Brazil, are a proven food source for hematophagous bats and may participate in the Brazilian sylvatic cycle of rabies.

Evaluation of the effect of sample suspension concentration and viral load on the outcome of the rabies tissue culture infection test.

In this study, we examined various brain suspension concentrations and viral loads in Neuro-2a cell cultures using 20 rabies-positive bovine samples. The reproducibility of results varied: 65% showed consistent outcomes across all concentrations, while 35% disagreed in at least one. Viral titers ranged from less than 25 × 10 to 25 × 10 TCID/mL, with 20% below 25 × 10 TCID/mL.

Dispersion and diversification of Lyssavirus rabies transmitted from haematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus: a phylogeographical study.

Rabies is worldwide zoonosis caused by Lyssavirus rabies (RABV) a RNA negative sense virus with low level of fidelity during replication cycle. Nucleoprotein of RABV is the most conserved between all five proteins of the virus and is the most used gene for phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies. Despite of rabies been very important in Public Health concern, it demands continuous prophylactic care for herbivores with economic interest, such as cattle and horses.

Detection of rabies virus in cranial cavity lavage of naturally infected bats.

The rabies virus (RABV) has been isolated in several bats species in the world, and among them, hematophagous, frugivorous and insectivorous species. Bats found in Brazil are small, which can lead to situations in which there are limitations in the collection of the central nervous system (CNS) and the amount of material may be insufficient to carry out laboratory diagnostic techniques for rabies. The objective of this work was to evaluate an alternative sample collection for the diagnosis of rabies in bats.

Human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell line: An alternative for rabies virus diagnosis and research.

Rabies is a serious public health problem in developing countries and is caused by Rabies lyssavirus (RABV), a neurotropic RNA virus. The gold standard test for rabies diagnosis is the direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT). Nevertheless, a confirmatory method is recommended, such as rabies tissue culture infection test (RTCIT).

A rabies virus vampire bat variant shows increased neuroinvasiveness in mice when compared to a carnivore variant.

Rabies is one of the most important zoonotic diseases and is caused by several rabies virus (RABV) variants. These variants can exhibit differences in neurovirulence, and few studies have attempted to evaluate the neuroinvasiveness of variants derived from vampire bats and wild carnivores. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuropathogenesis of infection with two Brazilian RABV street variants (variant 3 and crab-eating fox) in mice.

Phylogenetic analysis of partial RNA-polymerase blocks II and III of Rabies virus isolated from the main rabies reservoirs in Brazil.

This study describes the results of the sequencing and analysis of segments of Blocks II and III of the RNA polymerase L gene of Rabies virus isolates from different reservoir species of Brazil. The phylogenetic relations of the virus were determined and a variety of species-specific nucleotides were found in the analyzed areas, but the majority of these mutations were found to be synonymous. However, an analysis of the putative amino acid sequences were shown to have some characteristic mutations between some reservoir species of Brazil, indicating that there was positive selection in the RNA polymerase L gene of Rabies virus.

Human rabies transmitted by vampire bats: antigenic and genetic characterization of rabies virus isolates from the Amazon region (Brazil and Ecuador).

Since 2004, the main transmitter of human rabies in Latin America has been the vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus). Based on the nucleoprotein of the rabies virus (RV), we analyzed antigenic and genetic profiles of isolates from 29 samples taken from humans living in different areas of the Amazon region. Two isolates were from Ecuador and 27 from the Northern and Northeastern regions of Brazil, which were obtained during outbreaks in various municipalities in the states of Pará and Maranhão in the years 2004 and 2005.

Genetic characterization of rabies virus isolated from bovines and equines between 2007 and 2008, in the States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais.

Introduction: Rabies is an acute disease of the central nervous system and is responsible for the deaths of thousands of humans, wild animals and livestock, particularly cattle, as well as causing major economic losses. This study describes the genetic characterization of rabies virus variants that circulate in Desmodus rotundus populations and are transmitted to herbivores.

Methods: Fifty rabies virus isolates from bovines and equines in the States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil, were genetically characterized and compared with sequences retrieved from GenBank.

Comparative analysis of rabies virus isolates from Brazilian canids and bats based on the G gene and G-L intergenic region.

Rabies virus (RABV) isolates from two species of canids and three species of bats were analyzed by comparing the C-terminal region of the G gene and the G-L intergenic region of the virus genome. Intercluster identities for the genetic sequences of the isolates showed both regions to be poorly conserved. Phylogenetic trees were generated by the neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods, and the results were found to agree between the two methods for both regions.

Genetic characterization of Rabies virus isolated from cattle between 1997 and 2002 in an epizootic area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

The biogeographical history of rabies can be reconstructed using molecular data. This work describes the genetic characterization of the Rabies virus variant that circulates in the Desmodus rotundus (vampire bat) population in an epizootic area and is transmitted to herbivorous livestock. The N and G genes of this virus were sequenced, and the phylogenetic trees generated were topologically concordant.

A coronavirus detected in the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus.

This article reports on the identification of a group 2 coronavirus (BatCoV DR/2007) in a Desmodus rotundus vampire bat in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF1b revealed that BatCoV DR/2007 originates from a unique lineage in the archetypical group 2 coronaviruses, as described for bat species elsewhere with putative importance in Public Health.

Species determination of Brazilian mammals implicated in the epidemiology of rabies based on the control region of mitochondrial DNA.

Identification of animals that are decomposing or have been run over or burnt and cannot be visually identified is a problem in the surveillance and control of infectious diseases. Many of these animals are wild and represent a valuable source of information for epidemiologic research as they may be carriers of an infectious agent. This article discusses the results obtained using a method for identifying mammals genetically by sequencing their mitochondrial DNA control region.

Molecular characterization of Rabies Virus isolates from dogs and crab-eating foxes in Northeastern Brazil.

Thirty-eight samples of Rabies Virus isolated from dogs and crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) in Northeastern Brazil were characterized genetically by analyzing the G gene and the psi region. The results show that there are two groups of Rabies Virus lineages circulating among domestic and wild animals in the region. The topologies of the phylogenetic trees of the G gene and psi region are similar and reveal the existence of geographic groups.

Characterization of Rabies virus isolated from canids and identification of the main wild canid host in Northeastern Brazil.

The rabies cases in dogs and wild canids in Northeastern Brazil are a public and animal health problem. This paper describes the identities of the coding region of the N-gene of Rabies virus (RABV) isolated in canids from Northeastern Brazil. The genetic tree generated using the sequence data described here divided the cluster BRAZILAN CANIDS into two subclusters (DOG-RELATED STRAINS and WILD CANID-RELATED STRAINS) with identities greater than those already described.