The IBEX Knowledge-Base: Achieving more together with open science.

Iterative Bleaching Extends multipleXity (IBEX) is a versatile method for highly multiplexed imaging of diverse tissues. Based on open science principles, we created the IBEX Knowledge-Base, a resource for reagents, protocols and more, to empower innovation.

A generalisability theory approach to quantifying changes in psychopathology among ultra-high-risk individuals for psychosis.

Distinguishing stable and fluctuating psychopathological features in young individuals at Ultra High Risk (UHR) for psychosis is challenging, but critical for building robust, accurate, early clinical detection and prevention capabilities. Over a 24-month period, 159 UHR individuals were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS). Generalisability Theory was used to validate the PANSS with this population and to investigate stable and fluctuating features, by estimating the reliability and generalisability of three factor (Positive, Negative, and General) and five factor (Positive, Negative, Cognitive, Depression, and Hostility) symptom models.

Advances in Hematology Analyzers Technology.

The evolution of complete blood count (CBC) methodology from manual calculations to sophisticated high throughput hematology analyzers is the focus of this article. In recent years, hematology testing has greatly benefitted from the combination of various technologies with automated neural networks. In addition to an increasing complexity of the laboratory instrumentation, there is a demand on point of care CBC testing with its benefits and drawbacks.

Comparison of species identification among differing rt-PCR assays in the United States.

Unlabelled: In the United States, the general laboratory method for diagnosing pertussis, caused by is real-time PCR (rt-PCR) targeting insertion sequence 481 (IS). Other species (, and ) can also cause a pertussis-like syndrome, and some commercial laboratory assays include the insertion sequence 1001 (pIS) that can detect /). Because IS exists in and , current commercial assays cannot differentiate these two species.

Experiences of healthcare providers and caregivers regarding health system bottlenecks affecting child healthcare service delivery in a rural district: Empirical qualitative study.

Aim: To explore the experiences of nurses and caregivers about the health system bottlenecks to the delivery of child healthcare services in a rural district in Ghana.

Design: The study employed a qualitative approach using an exploratory, descriptive design.

Methods: Collection of data was through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 26 participants in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana.

Experiences of patients living with HIV and AIDS on antiretroviral therapy in Accra, Ghana.

Background:  The human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV and AIDS) pandemic has greatly affected Africa, particularly Ghana. The pandemic remains a public health concern, particularly in terms of accessing essential medication and improving quality of life for people living with the disease.

Objectives:  This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of persons diagnosed and living with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy.

Safety and immunogenicity of a single dose of Tdap compared to Td in pregnant women in Mali and 3 its effect on infant immune responses: a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled phase 2 study.

Background: While maternal pertussis vaccination is a strategy to reduce infant morbidity, safety and immunogenicity data are limited in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to evaluate the safety of a single dose of tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) vaccine compared to tetanus and diphtheria vaccine (Td) vaccine in pregnant women in Bamako, Mali and to assess the pertussis toxin (PT) antibody response at birth.

Methods: In this phase 2, single-centre, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled study, from 23 January 2019 to 10 July 2019, healthy 18-39 year old women in the second trimester of a singleton pregnancy were randomised 2:1 to receive Tdap or Td.

Case report: Successful induction of buprenorphine in medically complex patients concurrently on opioids: a case series at a tertiary care center.

Effective pain management is essential for optimal surgical outcomes; however, it can be challenging in patients with a history of opioid use disorder (OUD). Buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, is a valuable treatment option for patients with OUD. Initiating buprenorphine treatment in patients concurrently taking opioids can be complex due to potential adverse outcomes like precipitated withdrawal.

Challenges to the delivery and utilisation of child healthcare services: a qualitative study of the experiences of nurses and caregivers in a rural district in Ghana.

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the poorest child health outcomes in the world. Children born in this region face significant health challenges that jeopardise their proper growth and development. Even though the utilisation of child healthcare services safeguards the health of children, the challenges encountered by nurses in the delivery of services, and caregivers in the utilisation of these services, especially in rural areas, have contributed to poor child health outcomes in this region.

Strengthening genomic surveillance by direct sequencing of residual positive specimens.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of microbial pathogens recovered from patients with infectious disease facilitates high-resolution strain characterization and molecular epidemiology. However, increasing reliance on culture-independent methods to diagnose infectious diseases has resulted in few isolates available for WGS. Here, we report a novel culture-independent approach to genome characterization of , the causative agent of pertussis and a paradigm for insufficient genomic surveillance due to limited culture of clinical isolates.

Intralesional interferon alpha-2b as a novel treatment for periocular squamous cell carcinoma in horses.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of perilesional human recombinant interferon alpha-2b (IFNα2b) for treatment of periocular squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) in horses.

Animals Studied: Eleven horses (12 eyes) with PSCC were enrolled in this prospective clinical study with owner consent.

Procedures: Systemically healthy horses were included in the study following confirmation of PSCC via biopsy.

Genome-based prediction of cross-protective, HLA-DR-presented epitopes as putative vaccine antigens for multiple species.

Pertussis, caused by , can cause debilitating respiratory symptoms, so whole-cell pertussis vaccines (wPVs) were introduced in the 1940s. However, reactogenicity of wPV necessitated the development of acellular pertussis vaccines (aPVs) that were introduced in the 1990s. Since then, until the COVID-19 pandemic began, reported pertussis incidence was increasing, suggesting that aPVs do not induce long-lasting immunity and may not effectively prevent transmission.

An online alternative: a qualitative study of virtual abortion values clarification workshops.

Background: Following the U.S. Supreme Court decision, access to abortion education is increasingly regionally dependent.

Increased TIM-3 and galectin-9 serum levels in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis.

Background: Systemic mastocytosis is characterized by expansion of clonal mast cells in various tissues. Several biomarkers with diagnostic and therapeutic potential have recently been characterized in mastocytosis, such as the serum marker tryptase and the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether serum levels of other checkpoint molecules are altered in systemic mastocytosis and whether these proteins are expressed in mastocytosis infiltrates in the bone marrow.

Initiation of medication for opioid use disorder across a health system: A retrospective analysis of patient characteristics and inpatient outcomes.

Objectives: Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) has gained significant momentum as an evidence-based intervention for treating opioid use disorder (OUD). The purpose of this study was to characterize MOUD initiations for buprenorphine and extended release (ER) naltrexone across all care sites at a major health system in the Midwest and determine whether MOUD initiation was associated with inpatient outcomes.

Methods: The study population comprised patients with OUD in the health system between 2018 and 2021.

"We had to put ourselves in their shoes": Experiences of Medical Students and ObGyn Residents with a Values Clarification Workshop on Abortion.

Purpose: Values clarification workshops on abortion have been shown to increase support for abortion among healthcare workers. However, few studies have examined the impact of values clarification workshops on abortion among medical trainees. This study aimed to understand medical student and obstetrics and gynecology (ObGyn) residents' experiences with a virtual values clarification workshop on abortion.

Investigation of social and cognitive predictors in non-transition ultra-high-risk' individuals for psychosis using spiking neural networks.

Finding predictors of social and cognitive impairment in non-transition Ultra-High-Risk individuals (UHR) is critical in prognosis and planning of potential personalised intervention strategies. Social and cognitive functioning observed in youth at UHR for psychosis may be protective against transition to clinically relevant illness. The current study used a computational method known as Spiking Neural Network (SNN) to identify the cognitive and social predictors of transitioning outcome.

Community service nurses in primary healthcare clinics: Experiences of supervision and support from professional nurses.

Background: Newly qualified nurses in South Africa are required to undertake a compulsory 1-year community service (CS) in a public healthcare facility. They are not yet competent to work alone and require supervision and support from senior professional nurses.

Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of community service nurses (CSNs) regarding supervision and support from professional nurses at primary healthcare clinics (PHC).

Preceptor support during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations for continuing development.

Background:  Mentally fit preceptors may be more capable and flexible in providing students with system, emotional and cognitive support in the clinical learning environment (CLE) in the face of any life-threatening outbreaks. Existing professional development programmes for preceptors emphasise the development of preceptor competence in a normal CLE with minimal focus on their ability to engage with adverse events that challenge their mental health.

Objective:  The study sought insight from preceptors' experiences during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to identify their professional development programme needs while providing support to students during accompaniment.

Complete Genome Sequences of Four Macrolide-Resistant Nondiphtheritic Isolates.

This report describes the complete genome sequences of four isolates of the nondiphtheritic (NDC) species Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Corynebacterium propinquum, recovered during investigation of a large diphtheria outbreak in Bangladesh. These data will assist in better delineating the boundary between these related species and understanding their virulence potential.

Evaluation of a digital programme for final year nursing students during COVID-19.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate a digital programme aimed to address COVID-19 related anxiety of final year undergraduate nursing students on returning to the clinical practice during the pandemic in South Africa.

Background: In South Africa, concern about the physical and psychological safety of nursing students resulted in the planning of a psychological first aid program to facilitate nursing students return to clinical practice.

Design: A survey was conducted in September 2020 following the August 2020 return of final year nursing students to clinical facilities.