Biochemical Variability of Nasal Cartilages: Implications in Functional Rhinoplasty.

Introduction: Nasal valve compromise is a common issue for patients presenting to an otolaryngologist. Anatomically, the dorsal septal cartilage (DSA) articulates with the upper lateral nasal cartilage (ULC). When the ULC weakens, it is prone to collapse and may result in nasal obstruction.

Total Nasal Reconstruction: Advances in Free Tissue Transfer for Internal Lining and Structural Support.

Total nasal reconstruction is a complex challenge due to the need to establish new internal lining, internal structural support, and external skin covering that is both functional and esthetic. The medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal free flap represents an innovative option for restoration internal structure and internal nasal lining. When used in conjunction with a paramedian forehead flap, acceptable results in both function and esthetics can be achieved.

Age-Related Histologic and Biochemical Changes in Auricular and Nasal Cartilages.

Objective: Analyze age-related changes in histologic features and biochemical properties of human auricular cartilage and two subsites of nasal cartilages (quadrangular cartilage and dorsal septal articulation with upper lateral cartilages).

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional study of nasal and auricular cartilages from seventy-three (73) live donors.

Methods: Auricular cartilage (AC), quadrangular cartilage (QC), and dorsal septal cartilage articulation (DSA) with the upper lateral cartilage (ULCs) were collected intraoperatively.

Casual Observers' Perception on the Aesthetics of the Butterfly Graft.

Objective: The butterfly graft is an effective technique for improving the internal nasal valve, however, there is hesitancy among surgeons due to possible aesthetic changes. This study aims to determine if average observers rated the post-operative appearance of the butterfly graft negatively.

Methods: An online survey was distributed by social media to non-medical observers in which they rated either the pre-operative or post-operative appearance of 22 patients' noses (11 butterfly graft, 11 spreader graft).

Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Adult Patients With an Orofacial Cleft: An Unseen Psychological Burden.

Objectives: Facial dysmorphic disorder (FDD), a variant of body dysmorphic disorder, occurs when individuals are preoccupied with perceived defects in their facial appearance. Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) requires many clinical interventions and has significant psychological impacts on a patient's perception of appearance. This study identified psychological burdens related to living as an adult with CL/P and characterizes the degree of FDD symptoms in an adult craniofacial population.

Anatomic Optical Coherence Tomography (aOCT) for Evaluation of the Internal Nasal Valve.

Objectives/hypothesis: To establish the utility of anatomic optical coherence tomography (aOCT) in evaluating internal nasal valve (INV).

Study Design: Anatomic specimen imaging study.

Methods: Fresh-harvested human specimen heads were evaluated using both computed tomography (CT) imaging as well as using aOCT.

Auricular avulsion injuries and reattachment techniques: A systematic review.

Objectives: Multiple surgical techniques exist in the acute management of auricular avulsion injuries, including reattachment of the tissue as a composite graft, reconstruction using local skin flaps, the pocket principle, the Baudet method, and microvascular repair. This review aimed to compare the success rates of reattachment methods in auricular avulsion injuries.

Methods: A PubMed search systematically identified cases in which (a) an auricular avulsion injury occurred and (b) reattachment was attempted.

Nasal Airflow Changes With Bioabsorbable Implant, Butterfly, and Spreader Grafts.

Objectives/hypothesis: Internal nasal valve compromise is a major cause of nasal obstruction, with a growing number of ways to treat this condition. In this study, we compared the effects of butterfly graft, spreader graft, and the bioabsorbable nasal implant on nasal airflow resistance.

Study Design: Cadaver study.

Teaching nasal analysis to otolaryngology residents.

Purpose: This prospective cohort study was completed to evaluate a systematic approach for teaching nasal analysis to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residents.

Methods: Residents from each post graduate year (PGY) were randomized to the control group or study group. Residents in the study group were given a 10-slide PowerPoint (Microsoft Corp) instruction on nasal analysis using the standard sequence of photographs and anatomic elements to describe in each view.

The Bipedicled Orbicularis Oculi Myocutaneous Flap for the Repair of Paralytic Ectropion.

This case series describes the bipedicled orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap as a new surgical approach for paralytic eyelid syndrome.

Reconstruction of Defects Involving the Lip and Chin.

Successful perioral reconstruction is the result of consideration of both functional and esthetic goals. The lips are complex esthetic units with multiple tissue layers and distinct anatomic landmarks. Reconstruction can be difficult due to variables affecting the defect, such as size, depth, location, and involvement of adjacent subunits.

Correction: Molecular Subtypes in Head and Neck Cancer Exhibit Distinct Patterns of Chromosomal Gain and Loss of Canonical Cancer Genes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Comparison of Airflow Between Spreader Grafts and Butterfly Grafts Using Computational Flow Dynamics in a Cadaveric Model.

Importance: Nasal valve compromise is a major cause of nasal obstruction, and multiple methods have been developed to address it.

Objective: To compare nasal airflow resistance, airflow partitioning, and mucosal cooling (heat flux) before and after 2 surgical interventions, butterfly and spreader graft placement, used to treat nasal valve compromise.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cadaveric tissue study, 4 fresh cadaveric heads underwent both spreader graft and butterfly graft surgical procedures in alternating sequence in March 2016.

Reconstruction of nasal defects: contemporary approaches.

Purpose Of Review: There are many well-established principles and surgical techniques for nasal reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to describe contemporary reconstruction of nasal defects. The unique anatomic features of the nose make this a challenging task.

Safety and Efficacy of Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Implants in the Surgical Management of Traumatic Nasal Deformity.

Importance: The ideal alloplastic implant for correction of traumatic nasal deformity has not been adequately examined.

Objective: To evaluate the safety profile and postoperative results of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) implants used in functional nasal surgery (FNS) in the setting of traumatic nasal deformity.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted a 13-year retrospective medical chart review for patients treated at a tertiary academic facial plastic and reconstructive surgery practice between July 1999 and July 2012.

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma: a case series and determination of recurrence.

Objectives/hypothesis: Information on polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) consists primarily of case reports and small institutional series with varying recurrence rates. In this report, we describe our institutional experience and conduct a review of the literature to assess the overall incidence of PLGA among oral salivary gland tumors and determine recurrence rates.

Study Design: A retrospective case series and literature-based review was performed.

Characterization of postoperative changes in nasal airflow using a cadaveric computational fluid dynamics model: supporting the internal nasal valve.

Importance: Collapse or compromise of the internal nasal valve (INV) results in symptomatic nasal obstruction; thus, various surgical maneuvers are designed to support the INV.

Objective: To determine the effect on nasal airflow after various surgical techniques focused at the level of the INV and lateral nasal sidewall.

Design And Setting: A fresh cadaver head was obtained and underwent suture and cartilage graft techniques directed at the level of the INV using an external approach.

Practice patterns in the perioperative treatment of patients undergoing septorhinoplasty: a survey of facial plastic surgeons.

IMPORTANCE The common practices used in the perioperative care of patients undergoing septorhinoplasty are diverse and controversial. A consensus statement on the preferred clinical pathway in the perioperative treatment of patients undergoing septorhinoplasty has yet to be approached formally. OBJECTIVES To investigate the perioperative treatment of patients undergoing septorhinoplasty and to identify common practice patterns based on the preferences of leading facial plastic surgeons.

A preliminary study of the use of ultrasound in defining nasal fractures: criteria for a confident diagnosis.

Nasal fractures are usually diagnosed by clinical examination, with or without the support of imaging studies. While plain-film radiography lacks sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing nasal fractures, and computed tomography (CT) is not always practical or cost-effective, ultrasonography (US) may be useful in this regard. The criteria by which adult nasal fractures are reliably identified on US must be clear.

Molecular subtypes in head and neck cancer exhibit distinct patterns of chromosomal gain and loss of canonical cancer genes.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a frequently fatal heterogeneous disease. Beyond the role of human papilloma virus (HPV), no validated molecular characterization of the disease has been established. Using an integrated genomic analysis and validation methodology we confirm four molecular classes of HNSCC (basal, mesenchymal, atypical, and classical) consistent with signatures established for squamous carcinoma of the lung, including deregulation of the KEAP1/NFE2L2 oxidative stress pathway, differential utilization of the lineage markers SOX2 and TP63, and preference for the oncogenes PIK3CA and EGFR.