The Effectiveness of the Gnana Laryngeal Mask Airway II (GLA-II) With Novel Suction Tubing in Gastrointestinal (GI) Cases.

Introduction: The Gnana laryngeal mask airway II (GLA-II) is a supraglottic airway device similar to the classic laryngeal mask airway, except it has an additional suction port. This suction port allows for the removal of secretions and saliva. A previous version of the Gnana laryngeal airway 4 was made of silicone, while this newer version is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is more affordable.

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Management: A Narrative Review.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common and often misinterpreted clinical entity responsible for various symptoms affecting the upper aerodigestive tract. This narrative literature review aims to review the pathophysiology, symptoms, and management of LPR, emphasizing the emerging understanding of gastric content reflux in aerodigestive tissue irritation. Understanding the pathophysiology of LPR will allow general practitioners and specialists to accurately recognize and treat a condition that causes substantial morbidity in the affected patients.

Hyperkalemia: Pharmacotherapies and Clinical Considerations.

Hyperkalemia has been defined as a condition where a serum potassium level is >5.5 mmol/l. It is associated with fatal dysrhythmias and muscular dysfunction.

The Role of Alpha-2 Agonists for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A Review.

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), which is marked by symptoms such as inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can affect academic, social, and personal functioning in children and adolescents. This review summarizes clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of Alpha-2 agonists in reducing symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in children with ADHD. Studies were identified through a systematic search of PubMed and Cochrane databases.

Sleep health mediates the relationship between physical activity and depression symptoms.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations between physical activity, sleep health, and depression symptoms using mediation models.

Methods: Participants (N = 1576, M = 39.3 years, 40% female) were recruited online from Amazon's Mechanical Turk crowd-sourcing service.

Costal Cartilage Lateral Crural Strut Graft for Correction of External Nasal Valve Dysfunction in Primary and Revision Rhinoplasty.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the costal cartilage lateral crural strut graft's (LCSG) ability to support a weak lateral crus in patients with external nasal valve dysfunction (EVD) undergoing primary versus revision functional rhinoplasty.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 26 patients (mean [SD]: 40.23 [6.

Variability of the Anterior Ethmoid Artery in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Introduction: The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) demonstrates anatomic variability relative to its descent from the anterior skull base. Our study's objective was to assess for correlation of AEA descent and laterality, in addition to correlation of AEA descent and the presence of supraorbital ethmoid cells (SOEC) and concha bullosae (CB).

Method: A retrospective study was performed at a tertiary rhinology center from January 2019 to January 2020.