HIV epidemic among Brazilian women who have sex with women: An ecological study.

The influences of public policies fighting HIV among women who have sex with women is scarcely studied. This study aimed to analyse the time series of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, between 2007 and 2020, among Brazilian women who have sex with women, in order to evaluate the effect of Brazilian policies for fighting HIV in this subpopulation compared to women who have sex with men (WSM). This ecological study employed HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) new cases among women who have sex strictly with women (WSW), women who have sex with men and women (WSMW), and WSM reported to the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação from 2007 to 2020.

Use of recommended personal protective equipment among Brazilian health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest health crises in the world and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is significant measures to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, PPE needs to be used properly by healthcare professionals.

Objective: To analyze the use of PPE among Brazilian health professionals and associated factors during a period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Spatial scenery of congenital syphilis in Brazil between 2007 and 2018: an ecological study.

Objective: To analysis the epidemiological scenery of the congenital syphilis (CS) in Brazil employing spatial analysis techniques.

Design: Ecological study.

Settings: This study was conducted in Brazil SAMPLE: A total of 151 601 CS cases notified to the Diseases and Notification Information System from 2007 to 2018 from children aged 0-23 months and born from mothers living in Brazil were included in this study.

Serodiscordance predictors among couples in the HIV context: implications for health care.

Background: After HIV diagnosis, people maintain, reestablish their sexual lives, or build new relationships, often with HIV seronegative partners. Therefore, understanding the factors concerning couple-vulnerability is essential in order to design effective HIV preventive strategies. We examined HIV serodiscordant couples prevalence and their associated factors from a Brazilian city.

Predictors of HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partners Among People Living with HIV in Brazil.

The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the non-disclosure of HIV seropositivity among people living with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiretroviral treatment. A cross-sectional study was carried out in five HIV clinics in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of HIV status disclosure.

Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in people living with HIV in São Paulo, Brazil.

Introduction: HIV infection as a chronic disease has emerged from treatment advances over the past three decades. From this perspective, the diseases associated with AIDS are not a main threat for patients who use Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A new set of HIV associated complications have emerged resulting in comorbidities related to aging and ART exposure as cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Perceived stress and worldview influence sleep quality in Bolivian and United States university students.

Objective: This study investigated predictors of poor sleep quality among American and Bolivian students.

Design: A cross-sectional survey was designed and administered to undergraduate university students.

Setting And Participants: Psychology classes from 2 public universities (Texas, USA, and Bolivia) were convenience sampled (n = 80 American students; 60 Bolivian students).

Risk of Colorectal Polyps and Malignancies Among Predominantly Rural Hispanics.

Colorectal cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer. However, due to variations in diet, it was hypothesized that risk of adenomatous or hyperplastic polyps or malignancies would be lower among Hispanics. Participants (n = 1671) underwent a colonoscopy.

Vitamin D3 Treatment Influences PGE2 and TGFβ in Normal and Increased Breast Cancer Risk Women.

Background/aim: We reported that vitamin D3 increased transforming growth factor (TGF)β2 and decreased prostaglandin (PG)E in the breast of normal-risk women, suggesting a protective effect. We determined if the findings held for higher risk women.

Patients And Methods: Seventy-eight women received daily for one month/menstrual cycle: placebo, 400 international units (IU) vitamin D3, 2,000 IU vitamin D3 or 2,000 IU vitamin D3/400 mg celecoxib.

Poly-helminth Infection in East Guatemalan School Children.

Background: Soil transmitted helminths (STH) remain a global public health concern in spite of occasional dosing campaigns.

Aims: To determine baseline prevalence and intensity of STH infection in east Guatemalan school children, and describe the associated epidemiology of anemia, stunting, and wasting in this population.

Setting And Design: Ten schools in Izabal province (eastern Guatemala) were identified, and 1,001 school children were selected for this study.

Why not the University of New Orleans? Social disorganization and sexual violence among internally displaced women of Hurricane Katrina.

Researchers have reported that natural disasters lead to an increase in sexual violence against women and this is echoed by the current situation in Haiti. This is a social pattern throughout the world during periods of war, as well as natural disasters such as tsunamis, famine, and hurricanes. This article examines the prevalence of sexual violence experienced by women students at the University of New Orleans (UNO) before and after Hurricane Katrina using the CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey.

Assessment of condom use among Bolivian truck drivers through the lens of social cognitive theory.

This study demonstrates that Bolivian long distance truck drivers are a high risk population of HIV infection and transmission, supporting other global studies involving truck drivers and their high risk. The aims of this investigation were to estimate the prevalence of high risk behaviors and to identify predictors of condom use in this population. Analysis was completed on survey results from 246 male truckers (aged 18-67).

Management and prevention of retrograde peri-implant infection from retained root tips: two case reports.

Fracture of root tips in the maxillary premolar region is not an uncommon finding because of the high incidence of bifid and root dilacerations. Therefore, a retained root tip may serve as a nidus of infection when a dental implant is placed. The likely result is the development of an implant periapical lesion.