Publications by authors named "William Rook"

Methamphetamine (METH) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are common drugs of abuse and driving under their influence may occur in 1 million people yearly in the United States. This systematic review fills the currently unmet need in understanding the effects of METH and MDMA on motor vehicle driving performance (MVP) and provides insight into the forensic community. A PubMed search on September 24, 2020, for experimental and observational studies, which evaluated the impact of METH and MDMA on MVP was performed.

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Background: Antimicrobial prophylaxis is commonly used to prevent surgical site infection (SSI), despite concerns of overuse leading to antimicrobial resistance. However, it is unclear how often antimicrobials are used and whether guidelines are followed.

Objectives: To describe contemporary clinical practice for antimicrobial prophylaxis including guideline compliance, the rate of postoperative infection and associated side effects.

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With an ageing population and increasing incidence of cerebrovascular disease, an increasing number of patients presenting for routine and emergency surgery have a prior history of stroke. This presents a challenge for pre-, intra-, and postoperative management as the neurological risk is considerably higher. Evidence is lacking around anaesthetic practice for patients with vascular neurological vulnerability.

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Adverse conditions prenatally increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Chronic hypoxia in utero (CHU) causes endothelial dysfunction, but whether sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve functioning is altered is unknown. We, therefore, compared in male CHU and control (N) rats muscle sympathetic nerve activity, vascular sympathetic innervation density, and mechanisms of sympathetic vasoconstriction.

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A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was 'in patients undergoing thyroidectomy for retrosternal goitre, what factors predict sternotomy?' Altogether 165 papers were found as a result of the reported search, of which only 3 prospective studies, 1 review paper and 2 retrospective studies represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journals, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of the papers are tabulated.

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