A Novel Score-Based Approach by Using Routine Laboratory Tests for Accurate Diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) in Cirrhotic Patients.

Background: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) poses a significant risk to cirrhosis patients with ascites, emphasizing the critical need for early detection and intervention. This retrospective observational study spanning a decade aimed to devise predictive models for SBP using routine laboratory tests. Additionally, it aimed to propose a novel scoring system to aid SBP diagnosis.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Risk Factor for Severe Cholangitis.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver disorders. Acute cholangitis (AC) is a life-threatening illness.

Objectives: To determine whether NAFLD is a risk factor for the severity of AC.

Impact of Prior Statin Therapy on 1-year Recurrence and Length of Hospitalization for Acute Idiopathic Pericarditis.

Background: Statins have anti-inflammatory effects that are independent of their lipid-lowering activity.

Objectives: To examine whether prior statins therapy affects the clinical course of the first episode of acute idiopathic pericarditis (AIP) as the 1-year recurrence and length of hospitalization (LOH).

Methods: This retrospective study included 148 subjects with first episode AIP admitted between the years 2015 and 2019.

Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin A1c Could Predict 30-Day All-cause Mortality of Intensive Care Unit Patients with Hyperglycemia.

Background: An increased serum glucose level is a common finding among patients admitted to hospital with acute illness, including the intensive care unit (ICU), even without a history of previous diabetes mellitus (DM). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is not only a diagnostic tool for DM but may also has prognostic value for diabetic and non-diabetic populations.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between HbA1c level on admission and clinical outcome among patients admitted to the ICU due to cardiopulmonary disorders with hyperglycemia.

Diarrhea due to parasites: a short, updated point of view from the clinical setting.

Diarrhea represents a common manifestation of several gastrointestinal diseases. Infectious agents are the most common causes of diarrhea in developing countries, where the inadequate sanitation and hygiene are prevalent. In these countries, the scarcity of preventive measures as well as the limited health resources cause a substantial increase in incidence, morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases, including diarrhea.

Serum Albumin to Creatinine Ratio as Predictor for 30-Day All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Associated Diarrhea.

Background: -associated diarrhea (CDAD) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients. Several scores have developed in order to assess the severity of CDAD.

Objective: To determine the role of the serum albumin to creatinine ratio (sACR) in predicting the 30-day all-cause mortality of patients with CDAD in comparison with other known severity scores of CDAD.

Low serum potassium levels are associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice. AF is associated with approximately a threefold to fivefold increased risk for stroke. Hypokalaemia is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and red blood cell distribution width as predictors of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aim: Chronic inflammation has an important role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes through immunologic inflammatory mechanisms. Simple new inexpensive inflammatory markers may contribute to the detection of microalbuminuria. Aim of our study is to evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) for microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients for possible application as prognostic factors for the prediction of microalbuminuria and the progression of disease in patients with diabetes.

Impact of pretreatment with carnitine and tadalafil on contrast-induced nephropathy in CKD patients.

The present study assesses whether phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor or carnitine exert nephroprotective effects against clinical contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The present study consisted of three groups of CKD patients. The first group was control group, who were treated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine 1 day before and on the day of radiocontrast administration.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a survey of involvement of primary care physicians.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are neglected in most patients' electrical medical report by their family physicians (FP). We have assessed whether family physicians have the proper knowledge of NAFLD and accurate training to diagnose and treat NAFLD/NASH in overweight and obese patients.

Methods: We conducted an anonymous survey questionnaire.

The Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Markers in Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea.

Background: The incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) is increasing and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, there is a need to find new tools to determine the severity of the disease.

Objectives: To investigate the prognostic values of inflammatory markers such as mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with CDAD.

The role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume in detecting patients with acute venous thromboembolism.

Background: Acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) refers to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the extremities or pulmonary embolism (PE), or to both. Reliable imaging is not always available making a serologic diagnosis, or biomarker, highly desirable.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) in detection patients with acute VTE.

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is Associated with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Premenopausal Women Independent of Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Recently, studies have found that non-alcholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with bacterial infections. Attempts to identify risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are still underway.

Objectives: To examine a possible association between NAFLD and rUTIs among premenopausal women.

Omadacycline for Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

Background: Omadacycline, a new once-daily aminomethylcycline antibiotic agent that can be administered intravenously or orally, reaches high concentrations in pulmonary tissues and is active against common pathogens that cause community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

Methods: In a double-blind trial, we randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (Pneumonia Severity Index risk class II, III, or IV) to receive omadacycline (100 mg intravenously every 12 hours for two doses, then 100 mg intravenously every 24 hours), or moxifloxacin (400 mg intravenously every 24 hours). A transition to oral omadacycline (300 mg every 24 hours) or moxifloxacin (400 mg every 24 hours), respectively, was allowed after 3 days; the total treatment duration was 7 to 14 days.

Corrigendum to "Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis in Fatty Liver Disease Linked to Hyperplastic Colonic Polyp".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/2054871.].

Superb Microvascular Imaging: Added Value and Novel Applications.

Determining the presence and characteristics of vascular flow is an essential part of sonography interrogation. However, small vessels and low velocities are not always possible to depict with conventional color and power Doppler ultrasound. This can be frustrating, especially when the diagnosis depends mainly on the existence of vascular flow, the sonographic examination will be inconclusive, further imaging examinations will be required and diagnosis delayed.

Relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Breast Cancer.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease which refers to the presence of hepatic steatosis. Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in women and is the leading cause of death from cancer among women.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between NAFLD and newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer.

Association between Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperplastic Colonic Polyp.

Background: Hyperplastic polyps (HPs) of the colon are the most common colorectal polyps. Metabolic syndrome components such as obesity and hyperlipidemia are considered the most common etiological factors for HPs as well contributing to the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease.

Objectives: To determine the possible association between biopsy-proven steatohepatitis and hyperplastic colonic polyps.

Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis in Fatty Liver Disease Linked to Hyperplastic Colonic Polyp.

. Our study aims to determine possible association between biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hyperplastic polyps (HP) of the colon. .

Obesity and recurrent urinary tract infections in premenopausal women: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Studies on the association between obesity and the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) show inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is any association between obesity and recurrent UTIs (RUTIs) among premenopausal women.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the outpatient clinics of the internal medicine departments of three hospitals.

Testicular Ischemia Due to a Band Around the Spermatic Cord.

We present a case of an 18-year-old boy who was admitted to our hospital with a 2-day history of pain in the right scrotum. Ultrasound examination showed signs of ischemia, with dampened testicular arterial flow and bell-clapper deformity. Surgery revealed a constricting fibrous band around the distal spermatic cord resembling the bell-clapper deformity.

Hospitalization and 1-year all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease at Stages 1 and 2: Effect of mild anemia.

Background: The effect of anemia in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) on morbidity and mortality is known. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of mild anemia on hospitalization and 1-year all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with Stage 1 and 2 CKD.

Methods: Hospitalized T2DM patients (n = 307) with a glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus vancomycin for severe infections caused by meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To show non-inferiority of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with vancomycin for the treatment of severe infections due to meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Design: Parallel, open label, randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Four acute care hospitals in Israel.