Running water while bathing is a risk factor for pediatric scald burns.

Introduction: Scalds are the most common mechanism of burn injury in pediatric populations and scald burns sustained during bathing present a unique opportunity for injury prevention. Evidence-based infant bathing educational resources recommend checking water temperature and having a caregiver present for the duration of the bath, but do not explicitly recommend avoiding running water or explain the associated risks. This study seeks to determine the incidence and role of running water in bathing scald burns at our institution.

Resurrection and redescription of Verrill, 1872 (Hirudinida, Glossiphoniidae) with a phylogeny of the genus .

(Verrill, 1872) is resurrected and redescribed based on morphological and molecular data from specimens of the type locality (New Haven County, Connecticut, USA) that demonstrate it is distinct from North American , European , and . is characterized by having dark chromatophores on the dorsal surface arranged lateral to patrilaterally and medially as a thin line or interrupted thin line along with three pairs of eye spots (with the first pair closest together), six pairs of crop ceca, and a united gonopore. Additional sampling of specimens of the genus is needed to understand its phylogeny especially as many species have not been collected since their description.

Leeches in the extreme: Morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations to inhospitable habitats.

With more than 700 described species, leeches include morphological, physiological, and behavioral diversity and occur in terrestrial and aquatic habitats, including freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. Leeches inhabit a number of extreme environments, including extremes in temperature, moisture, salinity, pressure, light, and pollution. In some cases, leeches in extreme environments have specialized morphological, physiological, or behavioral adaptations to survive these conditions, yet unique adaptations are not apparent in some species.

How parasite exposure and time interact to determine Australapatemon burti (Trematoda: Digenea) infections in second intermediate hosts (Erpobdella microstoma) (Hirudinea: Erpodellidae).

Australapatemon spp. are cosmopolitan trematodes that infect freshwater snails, aquatic leeches, and birds. Despite their broad geographic distribution, relatively little is known about interactions between Australapatemon spp.

HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF FREE-RANGING CHELONIANS IN AN URBAN SECTION OF THE BRONX RIVER, NEW YORK, USA.

The Bronx River in Bronx, New York, US spans an area of significant human development and has been subject to historic and ongoing industrial contamination. We evaluated the health of freeranging native common snapping turtles ( Chelydra serpentina) and nonnative invasive red-eared sliders ( Trachemys scripta) in a segment of the Bronx River between May and July 2012. In 18 snapping turtles and nine sliders, complete physical examinations were performed, ectoparasites collected, and blood was analyzed for contaminants (mercury, thallium, cadmium, arsenic, lead, selenium, oxychlordane, alpha-chlordane, dieldrin, DDD, DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls).

Case series of seven women with uterine fibroids associated with venous thromboembolism and chronic thromboembolic disease.

Uterine fibroids have been described as an associate to acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), with case reports showing an association between large uterine fibroids, acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, there is little known about the association or causation between uterine fibroids, chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED), and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We report on six women with uterine fibroids and CTEPH, as well as one woman with CTED, all of whom presented with exertional dyspnea, lower extremity swelling, and in the cases of CTEPH, clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic evidence of pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.

A new species of leech of the genus (Hirudinida, Glossiphoniidae) from the American alligator () in Mississippi, USA.

To date, the only species of leech reported from the American Alligator, is . Seven specimens of a previously undescribed species of were collected from the feet and lower jaw of a single female alligator from the Pascagoula River Wildlife Management Area, George County, Mississippi. The new species was named Richardson & Moser, , in honor of the contributions of Dr.

Right Axillary Artery Cannulation for Endovascular Repair of an Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

We present the case of a 48-year-old woman with an acute type A aortic dissection that was treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair at our institution. The patient was found to have a focal type A dissection with pericardial effusion but no tamponade physiology and no involvement of the aortic valve or root. We elected to treat the patient's type A aortic dissection with an endovascular stent because of the patient's favorable anatomy and no evidence of neurologic deficits or signs of distal malperfusion.

Anterior Leaflet Augmentation With CorMatrix Porcine Extracellular Matrix in Twenty-Five Patients: Unexpected Patch Failures and Histologic Analysis.

Background: This study reported on the treatment of Carpentier type IIIa and type IIIb mitral regurgitation (MR) with a large patch anterior mitral valve leaflet augmentation technique using CorMatrix (CorMatrix Cardiovascular Inc, Alpharetta, GA) extracellular matrix (ECM).

Methods: A single-site chart review was conducted on patients who underwent anterior leaflet augmentation performed with the Da Vinci surgical robot (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) or through a median sternotomy. Only patients who had anterior leaflet augmentation with porcine intestine ECM or autologous pericardium were included.

Ascending Aortic Endoballoon Occlusion Feasible Despite Moderately Enlarged Aorta to Facilitate Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery.

Objective: Aortic occlusion with an endoballoon is a well-established technique to facilitate robotic and minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. Use of the endoballoon has several relative contraindications including ascending aortic dilatation greater than 38 mm in size. We sought to review our experience using the endoballoon in cases of totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery with aortic diameters greater than 38 mm.

Long-term results of aggressive hemiarch replacement in 534 patients with type A aortic dissection.

Objective: To present the outcomes of routinely performed hemiarch replacement in patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

Methods: From 1993 to 2013, among 629 patients with acute type A dissection, 534 patients (85%) underwent hemiarch, 63 patients (10%) underwent hemiarch and antegrade thoracic stent grafting, 26 patients (4%) underwent total arch, and 6 patients (1%) underwent isolated ascending replacement. Patients with hemiarch replacement comprised the study population.

Long-term results of neomedia sinus valsalva repair in 489 patients with type A aortic dissection.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection frequently occurs in patients with normally sized aortic roots. The aim of this investigation was to describe the durability of aortic valve resuspension and root repair with a novel technique of reconstruction in type A dissection.

Methods: From 1993 to 2013, among 629 patients operated on for acute type A dissection 489 (62% male, median age 62 years (53; 73) underwent aortic valve resuspension and reinforcement of the sinus of Valsalva with a Teflon felt neomedia.

Cardiac catheterization in patients with ascending aortic aneurysms: safety, success, and prevalence of coronary artery disease.

Background: Evaluation for coronary artery disease (CAD) is recommended prior to surgery for ascending aortic aneurysms. Concerns regarding the use of coronary angiography in this population include safety and the ability to successfully selectively engage the coronary arteries. Additionally, the prevalence of CAD is not well described.

Aortic valve morphology determines the presentation and surgical approach to acute type A aortic dissection.

Background: Data on acute type A aortic dissection in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) syndrome are limited. This investigation evaluated the clinical details in patients with type A dissection stratified according to aortic valve morphology.

Methods: Between 1993 and 2013, 629 patients (median age 61 years [50; 73], 64% men) underwent surgical procedures for type A dissection.

Development of a single endovascular device for aortic valve replacement and ascending aortic repair.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is contraindicated in the presence of an ascending aortic aneurysm. Our aim was to design a composite endovascular device enabling ascending aortic repair and TAVI.

Methods: From 2007 to 2013, among 1196 patients with severe aortic stenosis screened for TAVI, 79 nonbicuspid patients had ascending aortic diameter >45 mm.

Type A aortic dissection after previous cardiac surgery: results of an integrated surgical approach.

Background: Stanford type A aortic dissection in patients with previous cardiac surgery (PCS) is a catastrophic disease. This investigation evaluates the results of a standardized integrated approach to type A dissection after PCS.

Methods: Between 1993 and 2013, 629 patients with acute type A dissection (median age 61 [50 to 73] years, 64% males) underwent aortic repair utilizing a standardized integrated approach.

Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of leech (Glossiphoniidae, Hirudinida): Implications for the health of its imperiled amphibian host (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis).

The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) is among the most intriguing and imperiled amphibians in North America. Since the 1970s and 80s, western populations of the Ozark and eastern subspecies in Missouri have declined by nearly 80%. As a result of population declines, the Ozark hellbender was recently federally protected as an endangered species, and the eastern subspecies was granted protection under CITES.

Gender-related changes in aortic geometry throughout life.

Objectives: Aortic geometry changes throughout life are not well defined. This investigation delineates aortic geometry across the adult age spectrum and determines the gender-related influence of aging on aortic morphometry.

Methods: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans of all aortic segments in 195 subjects (94 women, 101 men, average age 57 ± 20 years) free of vascular disease were analysed.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with ascending aortic dilatation: safety of the procedure and mid-term follow-up†.

Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) does not enable concomitant or simultaneous ascending aortic intervention. This investigation evaluates the safety of TAVI in patients with ascending aortic dilatation and demonstrates mid-term follow-up.

Methods: From November 2007 to December 2012, among 1143 patients with severe aortic stenosis screened for TAVI, a cohort of 457 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Redescription and molecular characterization of Placobdella cryptobranchii (Johnson & Klemm, 1977) (Glossiphoniidae, Hirudinida).

Placobdella cryptobranchii (Johnson & Klemm, 1977) was originally described from specimens collected from Ozark Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) from the North Fork of the White River in Missouri, U.S.A.

Reintervention for endograft failures after thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has emerged as an effective therapy for a variety of thoracic aortic pathologic entities. However, endograft failure remains a concern, and its treatment is often challenging. We examined our experience with endograft failure and its treatment by endovascular and open repair.

A new species of Helobdella (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae) from Oregon, USA.

Helobdella bowermani n. sp. is described from specimens collected in fine sediment of open water benthos of Upper Klamath Lake, Klamath County, Oregon.