Association between Locoregional Failure and NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 Mutations in NRG/RTOG 9512: A Randomized Trial of Radiation Fractionation in T2N0 Glottic Cancer.

Purpose: NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations have been validated for radiation resistance in cell-based assays and animal models. However, clinical validation of these biomarkers has been challenging due to multimodality treatment regimens. This study aims to investigate the association between NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations and patient outcomes, including local failure (LF), locoregional failures (LRF), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), using samples from a phase III trial in which patients were treated with radiation monotherapy at 2 controlled doses.

Leveraging long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting to improve fumigation efficacy against stored product insects.

Background: Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) has successfully been used to impair mobility and prevent infestation of stored grain by stored product beetles. Understanding how to integrate LLIN with existing integrated pest management (IPM) tactics, such as phosphine fumigation, can further enhance IPM programs.

Results: We used three 110 metric tons (MT) capacity grain bins, and in each, 60 perforated buckets (e.

Intercropping Alters Phytochemical Defenses Against Insect Herbivory.

Given the multiple possible mechanisms for interspecific chemical interaction between adjacent heterospecific plants, phytochemical defenses of pest-susceptible crop species could potentially be enhanced or altered by intercropping with phytochemically diverse neighbors. We assessed the influence of intercropping between phytochemically diverse plants on aerial volatile organic compound (VOC) emission profiles by intercropping and Triticum with in AMF-inoculated soil. We also assessed the impact of intercropping on induced plant defenses by conducting an in-situ, no-choice bioassay with .

Modeling long-term, stage-structured dynamics of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) at food facilities with and without two types of long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting.

The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a cosmopolitan and destructive external-infesting pest at many food facilities. The use of deltamethrin- and α-cypermethrin-incorporated long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) has shown incredible promise for the management of stored product insects. However, it is unknown how LLIN deployed within food facilities may affect the long-term population dynamics of T.

Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis of the Foot and Ankle: Imaging Update.

Radiography is considered the first-line screening exam for clinically suspected osteomyelitis. However, additional evaluation is generally needed. MRI is the definitive diagnostic exam with high sensitivity and specificity combined with excellent anatomic definition.

Challenges in Assessing Repellency via the Behavioral Response by the Global Pest to Protect Stored Grains.

Background: Food security is an increasingly pressing global issue, and by 2050, food production will not be sufficient to feed the growing population. Part of global food insecurity can be attributed to post-harvest losses, including quantity and quality losses caused by stored-product pests like insects. It is thus timely to find management strategies to mitigate these losses and counteract food insecurity.

Effects of nutrition on recovery, mortality, and mobility of adult Tribolium castaneum after exposure to long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting.

Background: Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) has been used to deliver contact insecticides as an integrated pest management tool for stored product insect pests in food facilities. Although the presence of food is known to improve insect recovery after exposure, it is not clear whether food nutritional quality plays a role. Here, the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum adults were exposed to two commercially available LLINs, Carifend (active ingredient α-cypermethrin) and D-Terrence (deltamethrin), then transferred to Petri dishes with foods with varying nutritional quality (e.

Exploring the efficacy of pyrethroid incorporated nets for the control of stored product moth species: immediate and delayed effects on Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Insect pests pose a significant threat to stored commodities, necessitating the exploration of alternative pest management strategies. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated nets (LLINs) have emerged as a promising tool, offering selectivity and reduced ecological impact compared to conventional chemical approaches. However, their efficacy against Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), cosmopolitan stored product moth species, has remained underexplored.

uafR: An R package that automates mass spectrometry data processing.

Chemical information has become increasingly ubiquitous and has outstripped the pace of analysis and interpretation. We have developed an R package, uafR, that automates a grueling retrieval process for gas -chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC -MS) data and allows anyone interested in chemical comparisons to quickly perform advanced structural similarity matches. Our streamlined cheminformatics workflows allow anyone with basic experience in R to pull out component areas for tentative compound identifications using the best published understanding of molecules across samples (pubchem.

Microbial vectoring capacity by internal- and external-infesting stored product insects after varying dispersal periods between novel food patches: An underestimated risk.

Understanding the ability of internal- and external-infesting stored product insects to vector microbes is important for estimating the relative risk that insects pose to postharvest commodities as they move between habitat patches and in the landscape. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the microbial growth in novel food patches at different dispersal periods by different populations of (e.g.

Self-management intervention improves patient adherence to swallowing exercises during radiation for head and neck cancer.

Background: While preventive swallowing exercises reduce the risk of radiation-associated dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer, strategies are needed to improve patient adherence.

Methods: Before radiation, all participants were taught preventive swallowing exercises and randomized to either an adherence intervention or enhanced usual care. During radiation, all participants met twice with a speech pathologist for swallowing assessment and reinforcement of exercises.

Predicted range expansion of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under projected climate change scenarios.

The larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus [Horn] [Coleoptera: Bostrichidae]) is a wood-boring insect native to Central America and adapted to stored maize and cassava. It was accidentally introduced to Tanzania and became a pest across central Africa. Unlike many grain pests, P.

Flight capacity and behavior of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in response to kairomonal and pheromonal stimuli.

Flight behavior is an important component to understand in the context of pest management. However, because of their small size, little is known about the flight capacity of most stored-product insects, and when a flight has been assessed, it usually consists of a propensity for initiating flight. Despite a priori expectations of the importance of flight for moths, there are no data about the flight capacity and little on the flight behavior of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Patterns of failure for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with salvage surgery and postoperative IMRT reirradiation.

Purpose/objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR) after surgical salvage and adjuvant reirradiation with IMRT for recurrent head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Materials/methods: Patterns of LRR for 61 patients treated consecutively between 2003 and 2014 who received post-operative IMRT reirradiation to ≥ 60 Gy for recurrent HNSCC were determined by 2 methods: 1) physician classification via visual comparison of post-radiotherapy imaging to reirradiation plans; and 2) using deformable image registration (DIR). Those without evaluable CT planning image data were excluded.

Disruption of semiochemical-mediated movement by the immature Trogoderma variabile Baillon and Trogoderma inclusum Le Conte (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) after exposure to long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting.

Background: Highly mobile stored product insects may be able to readily orient in response to food cues and pheromones to attack durable commodities at each link of the postharvest supply chain. A 0.4% deltamethrin-incorporated long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) is a successful novel preventative integrated pest management (IPM) tactic to intercept dispersing insects after harvest.

Short-term spatial dispersion patterns between the larger grain borer and the maize weevil in grain columns.

The invasive larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus) and the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) co-occur in many regions of the world. While competition between these 2 species has been studied extensively, there is little information on spatial dispersion patterns in bulk storage of grain. To evaluate potential overlap in realized niche, we evaluated the short-term spatial dispersion behavior of P.

Bone bruise vs. non-displaced fracture on MRI: a novel grading system for predicting return-to-play.

Objective: To devise an MRI grading scheme for osseous contusion patterns in elite hockey players for predicting return-to-play (RTP).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed to identify traumatic lower extremity osseous injuries in professional hockey players. A total of 28 injuries (17 players) were identified over a 10-year period.

The behavioral response to the putative necromones from dead Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in traps by conspecifics as a function of density and time since capture.

Long-term trapping programs of stored product pests provide information for timely and accurate pest management. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is a highly successful external-infesting grain pest and is frequently monitored using a commercial pitfall trap that combines pheromonal and kairomonal stimuli. However, an often overlooked component of lure-based traps is the potential for the volatile plume to change over time as individuals are captured.

Landscape-scale spatiotemporal dynamics of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) populations: implications for spatially-based pest management.

Background: Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive and severe pest of specialty and row crops. A 2-year field study conducted in four Mid-Atlantic states in the USA characterized the spatial and temporal dynamics of BMSB populations and its association with landscape elements in commercial agriculture settings. In each state, two 1 km sites included typical landscape elements (i.