Advanced skills for general surgeons and carving out a niche: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in regional Australia.

Background: The provision of high-quality healthcare in rural Australian hospitals has necessitated general surgeons to take up the challenge and expand their expertise to advanced endoscopy techniques including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study examines the utility of ERCP in a regional setting especially in decreasing patient transfers and associated costs while achieving exceptional safety by measuring key indicators of safety and efficacy.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective cross-sectional cohort review in a rural Queensland hospital of patients who underwent ERCP (emergent and elective) from January 2019 until July 2022.

Upper GI bleeding in rural Australia: general surgery still alive and well!

Background: The complex and critically unwell upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) patient is a common emergency presentation in Australia. Managed medically and endoscopically by rural general surgeons in rural and remote Australian hospitals which lack a gastroenterology service, this can be ameliorated by clear evidence-based guidelines.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective review of adult patients who underwent emergency gastroscopy for UGIB at the Mackay Base Hospital, January 2019 to January 2022.

Outcome Comparison of Totally Implantable Venous Access Device Insertions Between Surgeons and Radiologists in Australia.

Background The need for chemotherapy treatment is increasing with the growing incidence of cancer worldwide. The insertion of totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) is commonly performed by surgeons and radiologists, but the procedures are not without complications. The primary outcome of this review outlines TIVAD insertion success and complication rates between general surgeons and radiologists.

Situs inversus: an interesting case of spontaneous splenic rupture.

Situs inversus is described as exact mirroring of the normal anatomical arrangement of the major visceral organs. Polysplenia is a congenital anomaly associated with situs inversus and causes various splenic abnormalities. This case discusses a 62-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with hypotension and abdominal pain.

It's not you, it's me: a descriptive study of patient complaints and surgeon understanding.

Background: Patient complaints are an underutilized and under-addressed issue in general surgery. They represent a unique sphere of interaction for surgeons and patients to understand motivations and failures in the delivery of healthcare. The aims of this study were to identify motivators of patient complaints and understand surgeon's awareness of this issue.

Will a flexi-sig' do? A retrospective review of colonoscopies indicated by diverticulitis alone.

Background: The incidence of colonic diverticulitis is increasing. In Australia the majority of diverticulitis occurs in the left colon and patients typically undergo colonoscopy following an attack. At present debate exists regarding the utility of this costly procedure and a flexible sigmoidoscopy has been proposed as a cheaper, less invasive alternative.

Keratinocyte Skin Cancers in General Surgery: The Impact of Anaesthesia, Trainee Supervision, and Choice of Reconstruction.

Background: Keratinocyte skin cancers are common in Australia, incurring disproportionately high health expenditure in comparison with mortality. General surgeons often excise these lesions as day-surgery. Balancing individual complexities of these cancers with trainee supervision and health expenditure is key to deliver efficacious care and maintain day-surgery volume for patients during a pandemic.

Incidental leiomyosarcoma within an ischaemic gut: a review of the management of visceral sarcoma.

Leiomyosarcomas are rare, primary malignancies that can be found in the small bowel in a minority of cases. The management of these visceral sarcomas remains controversial, with surgical resection forming the mainstay, being optimally achieved in a unit familiar with the management of sarcomas. These tumours are difficult to diagnose based on history and are challenging to localize on conventional imaging modalities.

Combustion of pneumoperitoneum: a rare danger in the operating room.

Fire or combustion occurring during laparotomy is an uncommon and potentially hazardous event that can be precipitated by the use of surgical energy devices in the presence of enteric gases or exogenous materials present in the abdomen such as alcohol. Oxygen necessary for a combustive event can be increased in the setting of a proximal enteric injury and with higher concentrations of inspired oxygen during anaesthesia. We report on a case of combustion on entry to the abdomen using monopolar diathermy during exploratory laparotomy for gastric antral perforation in the presence of alcohol and enteric gases.

Cutaneous metastases as a presenting sign of metastatic NSCLC.

Cutaneous metastases are rare and often late signs of an internal malignancy; however, this can be the presenting sign in very rare cases. These typically have a characteristic appearance and distribution based on the underlying malignancy but can be difficult to distinguish from other malignant or benign dermatoses. We report a case of a 69-year-old female who presented for elective excision of two cutaneous, fast-growing lesions on the chest wall.

Diverticular disease practice points.

Background: Diverticular disease and its spectrum of complications are increasingly encountered in the Australian population. Accurate management of patients before and after an acute episode entails extension beyond the acute event to include dietary advice and colonoscopy.

Objective: The objectives of this article are to evaluate the literature regarding dietary factors and diverticular disease, routine colonoscopy and antibiotic treatment in acute diverticulitis, to enable primary care physicians to manage patients and provide sound advice after hospital admission.