Testing secondary sex ratio bias hypotheses in white-tailed deer in Mississippi, USA.

Natural selection favors individuals with the highest inclusive fitness (i.e., total number of descendants).

Rutting and rambling: Movement characteristics reveal partial migration in adult male white-tailed deer at a latitude void of chronic and severe environmental fluctuations.

White-tailed deer () are generally considered a home-ranging species, although northern populations may migrate between summer and winter ranges to balance resource requirements with environmental stressors. We evaluated annual home range characteristics of adult bucks ( = 30) fitted with GPS collars from 2017 to 2021 in central Mississippi with time series segmentation and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) to determine if individuals employed varying movement strategies. We found 67% of bucks displayed a "sedentary" strategy characterized by a single KDE home range polygon with a mean size of 361 ha.

Review Paper on Penetrating Brain Injury: Ethical Quandaries in the Trauma Bay and Beyond.

Objective: The aim of this review was to review the ethical and multidisciplinary clinical challenges facing trauma surgeons when resuscitating patients presenting with penetrating brain injury (PBI) and multicavitary trauma.

Background: While there is a significant gap in the literature on managing PBI in patients presenting with multisystem trauma, recent data demonstrate that resuscitation and prognostic features for such patients remains poorly described, with trauma guidelines out of date in this field.

Methods: We reviewed a combination of recent multidisciplinary evidence-informed guidelines for PBI and coupled this with expert opinion from trauma, neurosurgery, neurocritical care, pediatric and transplant surgery, surgical ethics and importantly our community partners.

Dual lesion spinal cord injury in a polytrauma patient: a case report.

Introduction: Dual lesion spinal cord injury (SCI) is the presence of two distinct regions of injury to the spinal cord, which can occur simultaneously or as a sequela of initial injury. Dual lesion SCI appears to be a rather rare occurrence with a paucity of cases described. As such, there is limited information available regarding presentation, evaluation, long-term rehabilitation management, and prognostication of these patients.

Sexual Harassment during Residency Training: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

The reality of sexual harassment is unmasking in many fields, and medical trainees constitute a vulnerable and at-risk group. We report the prevalence of sexual harassment among GI, internal medicine, and pediatric residents, with a focus on identifying underlying reasons for lack of victim reporting. A modified previously validated Department of Defense survey on sexual harassment was e-mailed to 261 GI, 132 pediatric, and 271 internal medicine program directors.

Cohort antler size signals environmental stress in a moderate climate.

Research in northern latitudes confirms that climate teleconnections exert important influences on ungulate fitness, but studies from regions with milder climates are lacking. We explored the influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Northern Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on male, 2.5-year-old white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) antler and body mass in Mississippi, USA, a region with mild winters and warm, humid summers.

Stop the Bleed: Is Mass Education the Best Approach?

The Stop the Bleed (STB) course teaches trainees prehospital hemorrhage control with a focus on mass education. Identifying populations most likely to benefit can help save on the significant cost and limited resources. In this study, we attempted to identify those populations and performed a cost analysis.

Posterior cord syndrome: Demographics and rehabilitation outcomes.

To describe demographics, clinical characteristics, and functional outcomes of patients with incomplete spinal cord injuries and posterior cord syndrome (PCS). Five-year retrospective case series. Spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation unit at a Level 1 tertiary university medical center.

The use of ABC score in activation of massive transfusion: The yin and the yang.

Background: Hemorrhage is the most common cause of early death in trauma patients. Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) have been designed to accelerate the release of blood products but can result in waste if activated inappropriately. The Assessment of Blood Consumption (ABC) score has become a widely accepted score for MTP activation.

Comparison of rehabilitation outcomes following vascular-related and traumatic spinal cord injury.

Background: Previous studies have noted similar outcomes between vascular-related spinal cord injury (VR-SCI) and those with traumatic SCI (T-SCI), despite significant difference in their demographics and clinical presentation (age, level of injury (LOI), and degree of incompleteness).

Objectives: To review demographic and clinical presentation of VR-SCI and to compare outcomes with a matched group with T-SCI. Design Analysis of 10-year prospective data collection including 30 consecutive patients admitted to an SCI rehabilitation unit with VR-SCI and comparison with 573 patients with T-SCI.

Rehabilitation outcomes after infection-related spinal cord disease: a retrospective analysis.

Objectives: To compare injury characteristics, demographics, and functional outcomes of patients with infection-related spinal cord disease (IR-SCD) vs. those with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: A 10-yr retrospective review of 34 consecutive patients with IR-SCD admitted to an SCI rehabilitation unit at a Level 1 tertiary university medical center.

Incidence and outcomes of spinal cord injury clinical syndromes.

Background/objective: To examine and compare demographics and functional outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) clinical syndromes, including central cord (CCS), Brown-Sequard (BSS), anterior cord (ACS), posterior cord (PCS), cauda equina (CES), and conus medullaris (CMS).

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Tertiary care, level 1 trauma center inpatient rehabilitation unit.

Incidence, etiology, and risk factors for fever following acute spinal cord injury.

Objective: To identify the incidence, etiology, and risk factors for fevers in individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: A retrospective review of the medical records of consecutive adult traumatic SCI patients over a 2-year period was performed.

Setting: The study was performed at a tertiary care, Level I trauma center.

The use of medications with known or potential anticholinergic activity in patients with dementia receiving cholinesterase inhibitors.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of prescribed medications with anticholinergic activity given concurrently with acetylcholinesterase-inhibitor therapy in long-term care residents with dementia and to recommend dose adjustment or discontinuation of these medications with anticholinergic activity.

Design: Prospective case series.

Setting: Long-term care facilities in Indiana.

Outcomes of early surgical management versus late or no surgical intervention after acute spinal cord injury.

Objective: To compare neurologic, medical, and functional outcomes of patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) undergoing early (<24 h and 24-72 h) and late (>72 h) surgical spine intervention versus those treated nonsurgically.

Design: Retrospective case series comparing outcomes by surgical and nonsurgical groups during acute care, rehabilitation, and at 1-year follow-up.

Setting: Multicenter National Spinal Cord Injury Database.

Late neurologic recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury.

Objective: To present Model Spinal Cord Injury System (MSCIS) data on late neurologic recovery after 1 year after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Longitudinal study of neurologic status as determined by annual evaluations at 1 and 5 years postinjury.

Setting: MSCIS centers contributing data on people with traumatic SCI to the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center database.

Etiology and incidence of rehospitalization after traumatic spinal cord injury: a multicenter analysis.

Objectives: To examine the frequency and reasons for rehospitalization in persons with acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) during follow-up years and to examine the association between rehospitalization and demographics, neurologic category, payer sources, length of stay (LOS), discharge motor FIM instrument score, and discharge residence.

Design: Survey design with analysis of cross-sectional data.

Setting: Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems (MSCIS) centers.

The Loss Inventory: preliminary reliability and validity data for a new measure of emotional and cognitive responses to disability.

Purpose: To examine the utility, reliability and validity of a new scale, The Loss Inventory (LI) for measuring symptoms unique to grief following disablement.

Methods: Prospective survey study in which two self-report measures, the LI and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, were administered to 103 hospitalized rehabilitation patients. Correlational analyses, t tests, t score conversions of raw data, and analysis of variance used to determine reliability (internal consistency) of the LI and compare means of scores across several variables.