Decision-Making During High-Risk Events: A Systematic Literature Review.

Effective decision-making in crisis events is challenging due to time pressure, uncertainty, and dynamic decisional environments. We conducted a systematic literature review in PubMed and PsycINFO, identifying 32 empiric research papers that examine how trained professionals make naturalistic decisions under pressure. We used structured qualitative analysis methods to extract key themes.

Reliability of simulation-based assessment for practicing physicians: performance is context-specific.

Introduction: Even physicians who routinely work in complex, dynamic practices may be unprepared to optimally manage challenging critical events. High-fidelity simulation can realistically mimic critical clinically relevant events, however the reliability and validity of simulation-based assessment scores for practicing physicians has not been established.

Methods: Standardised complex simulation scenarios were developed and administered to board-certified, practicing anesthesiologists who volunteered to participate in an assessment study during formative maintenance of certification activities.

Simulation-based Assessment of the Management of Critical Events by Board-certified Anesthesiologists.

Background: We sought to determine whether mannequin-based simulation can reliably characterize how board-certified anesthesiologists manage simulated medical emergencies. Our primary focus was to identify gaps in performance and to establish psychometric properties of the assessment methods.

Methods: A total of 263 consenting board-certified anesthesiologists participating in existing simulation-based maintenance of certification courses at one of eight simulation centers were video recorded performing simulated emergency scenarios.

A Taxonomy of Delivery and Documentation Deviations During Delivery of High-Fidelity Simulations.

Introduction: We developed a taxonomy of simulation delivery and documentation deviations noted during a multicenter, high-fidelity simulation trial that was conducted to assess practicing physicians' performance. Eight simulation centers sought to implement standardized scenarios over 2 years. Rules, guidelines, and detailed scenario scripts were established to facilitate reproducible scenario delivery; however, pilot trials revealed deviations from those rubrics.

A Clinical Procedures Course for Medical Students.

Introduction: Doctors perform many clinical procedures throughout their careers. It is important for students to learn these procedures in a nonthreatening environment. This clinical procedures course introduces students to several basic diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, both invasive and noninvasive.

Assessing student usage, perception, and the utility of a Web-based simulation in a third-year medical school clerkship.

Study Objective: The goals of this study were to assess students' usage data of Web-based simulation (WBS), to determine if it can fill gaps in clinical experience-based medical education, and to determine students' perceived value of this kind of simulation during a clinical clerkship.

Design: Observational/prospective cohort.

Setting: Medical school affiliated with a large academic hospital.

Simulation for maintenance of certification in anesthesiology: the first two years.

The ultimate goal of physician education is the application of knowledge and skills to patient care. The Maintenance of Certification (MOC) for Anesthesiologists program incorporates mannequin-based simulation to help realize this goal. Results from the first 2 years of experience suggest that 583 physician participants transferred knowledge and skills from their simulated experiences into real-world practice.