Low yield of surveillance imaging after surgery for T1 kidney cancer.

Purpose: To examine the mode of relapse detection and subsequent treatment after partial or radical nephrectomy in patients with low-risk (pT1, N0, Nx) kidney cancer.

Methods: Retrospective study on 1404 patients treated with partial or radical nephrectomy for low-risk kidney cancer from the years 2000-2012. Scans for chest imaging (X-ray or CT) and abdominal imaging (CT, MRI, or ultrasound) are tabulated.

Risk factors for the development of parastomal hernia after radical cystectomy.

Purpose: Parastomal hernia is a frequent complication of stoma formation after radical cystectomy. We determined the prevalence and risk factors for the development of parastomal hernia after radical cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 433 consecutive patients who underwent open radical cystectomy and ileal conduit between 2006 and 2010.

Temporal changes in the clinical approach to diagnosing prostate cancer.

The diagnosis and detection of prostate cancer has undergone profound changes over the past three decades, due primarily to the development and widespread clinical use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. These changes have led to substantial differences in the prostate cancer phenotype. It is important to understand these changes to develop appropriate treatment options for contemporarily diagnosed prostate cancer.

Alvimopan for prevention of postoperative paralytic ileus in radical cystectomy patients: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: No cost-effectiveness studies exist in patients after radical cystectomy for the routine use of alvimopan for the prevention of postoperative ileus. The present study provides a reasonable estimate of the cost-effectiveness of alvimopan for the prevention of postoperative ileus in the patient after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To determine if the cost of administering alvimopan, to help restore bowel function after abdominal surgery, to all patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) is cost prohibitive.

Efficacy of combined intravesical immunotherapy and chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Intravesical immunotherapy using attenuated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains and intravesical chemotherapy are the modalities most commonly used to treat intermediate- or high-risk patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. BCG has been shown to decrease recurrence rates by up to 67% compared with tumor resection alone, but intensive BCG maintenance regimens are poorly tolerated in a large proportion of patients. Intravesical chemotherapy also decreases the risk of recurrence for these patients, but has diminished efficacy compared with BCG.