Prevalence of methamphetamine use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: International efforts have reduced the availability of methamphetamine precursors, but its distribution and use continue to rise. Methamphetamine use can lead to short- and long-term adverse effects, including addiction, physical and psychosocial health problems, socioeconomic troubles, incarceration, overdose, and death. Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been shown to have an elevated prevalence of methamphetamine use.

The need for targeted behavioural HIV-related interventions for transgender women in India: A scoping review.

Background & Objectives: Transgender women (TGW) in India are at high risk of HIV infection. Despite behavioural interventions aimed at reducing HIV risk, no literature synthesis exists so far to evaluate their potential for reducing HIV incidence in India This review was aimed to identify and evaluate HIV-focussed behaviour change interventions for TGW in India.

Methods: Literature from three databases were reviewed up to June 2, 2021, for studies describing behavioural interventions for HIV prevention among TGW in India.

General Health Care Utilization in the Past 3 Months Increased Recent and Routine HIV and STI Testing Among Male Sex Workers in Chennai, India.

In India, male sex workers (MSW) are among the most vulnerable populations at higher risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and may seek health care services less frequently. A community-based sample of 100 MSW in Chennai, India, completed a baseline assessment as part of a behavioral intervention to reduce the acquisition and transmission of HIV. MSW reported an average of 12.

Transitioning from Face to Face to the Digital Space: Best Practices and Lessons Learned Leveraging Technology to Conduct HIV-Focused Interventions.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted researchers' ability to continue to deliver HIV prevention and treatment interventions face to face. Although telehealth has been an important strategy to maintain research operations during the current pandemic, participants at increased risk of or living with HIV are often at higher risk of also experiencing poverty, housing instability, and other challenges that may present obstacles to successful remote delivery. We provide descriptions of remote adaptations to two randomized controlled efficacy trials of behavioral interventions for primary and secondary HIV prevention with descriptive enrollment and retention data.

Tumor-derived MMPs regulate cachexia in a Drosophila cancer model.

Cachexia, the wasting syndrome commonly observed in advanced cancer patients, accounts for up to one-third of cancer-related mortalities. We have established a Drosophila larval model of organ wasting whereby epithelial overgrowth in eye-antennal discs leads to wasting of the adipose tissue and muscles. The wasting is associated with fat-body remodeling and muscle detachment and is dependent on tumor-secreted matrix metalloproteinase 1 (Mmp1).

Correlates of Geosocial Networking Applications (GSN Apps) Usage among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Nigeria, Africa.

Geosocial networking applications (GSN apps) are widely utilized by gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) to meet potential sexual/romantic partners, foster friendships, and build community. However, GSN apps usage has been linked to elevated levels of HIV sexual risk behavior among GBMSM. Little is known about how GSN apps can facilitate HIV sexual risk behaviors, especially among GBMSM in Africa.

Assessing completeness of patient medical records of surgical and obstetric patients in Northern Tanzania.

Background: Strengthening surgical services in resource-constrained settings is contingent on using high-quality data to inform decision making at clinical, facility, and policy levels. However, the evidence is sparse on gaps in paper-based medical record quality for surgical and obstetric patients in low-resource settings.

Objective: We aim to examine surgical and obstetric patient medical record data quality in health facilities as part of a surgical system strengthening initiative in northern Tanzania.

Threats to oral polio vaccine acceptance in Somalia: Polling in an outbreak.

Background: Using a survey conducted during the 2013-2014 polio outbreak in Somalia, this study examines attitudinal and knowledge-based threats to oral polio vaccine acceptance and commitment. Findings address a key gap, as most prior research focuses on endemic settings.

Methods: Between November 19 and December 21, 2013, we conducted interviews among 2003 caregivers of children under 5 years in select districts at high risk for polio transmission.

Understanding threats to polio vaccine commitment among caregivers in high-priority areas of Afghanistan: a polling study.

Background: Eradication of poliovirus from endemic countries relies on vaccination of children with oral polio vaccine (OPV) many times a year until the age of 5 years. We aimed to determine caregivers' commitment to OPV in districts of Afghanistan at high risk for polio transmission and to examine what knowledge, attitudes, or experiences could threaten commitment.

Methods: We designed and analysed a poll using face-to-face interviews among caregivers of children under 5 years of age.