Hemiarthroplasty vs Total Hip Arthroplasty for the Management of Displaced Neck of Femur Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Displaced femoral neck fractures (DFNF) are common and can be treated with osteosynthesis, hemiarthroplasty (HA), or total hip arthroplasty (THA). There is no consensus as to which intervention is superior in managing DFNF.

Methods: Studies were identified through a systematic search of the MEDLINE database, EMBASE database, and Cochrane Controlled Trials.

Impact of Image-Derived Instrumentation on Total Knee Arthroplasty Revision Rates: An Analysis of 83,823 Procedures from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.

Background: Computer navigation and image-derived instrumentation (IDI) are technology-based methods developed to improve outcomes and potentially reduce revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). IDI refers to the use of manufactured, patient-specific surgical jigs. Conflicting reports exist on IDI-associated improvements in outcomes.

Complications related to therapeutic anticoagulation in total hip arthroplasty.

Bleeding-related wound complications cause significant morbidity in lower limb arthroplasty surgery. Patients who require therapeutic anticoagulation in the perioperative period are potentially at higher risk for these complications. This is a retrospective case-control study reviewing all primary total hip arthroplasties performed in a single center during a 5-year period and comparing outcomes of the patients on warfarin with a double-matched control group of patients not on warfarin.

Is there a need for routine follow-up after primary total hip arthroplasty?

Background: The objective of routine outpatient assessment of well-functioning patients after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is to detect asymptomatic failure of prostheses to guide recommendations for early intervention. We have observed that the revision of THAs in asymptomatic patients is highly uncommon. We therefore question the need for routine follow-up of patients after THA.

Saccadic lens instability increases with accommodative stimulus in presbyopes.

An SRI dual Purkinje image (dPi) eye tracker was used to measure lens wobble following saccades with increasing accommodative effort as an indirect measure of ciliary muscle function in presbyopes. Ten presbyopic subjects executed 32 four-degree saccades at 1-s intervals between targets arranged in a cross on illuminated cards at each of 9 viewing distances ranging from 0.5- to 8-D accommodative demands.

Comparison of cemented vs uncemented acetabular component positioning using an imageless navigation system.

Hip navigation was used as an assessment tool to compare ability to reproduce trial and definitive acetabular placement in total hip arthroplasty, using cemented and uncemented components. We demonstrated a significant difference in reproducibility between components. Of 20 uncemented cups, 4 (20%) deviated from the target inclination by 5 degrees or more compared to none of 21 in the cemented group (P = .

Uncorrected wavefront error and visual performance during RGP wear in keratoconus.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between uncorrected residual wavefront error and visual performance (VP) in rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens-wearing keratoconic eyes.

Methods: Seven eyes from six subjects (six moderate, one severe) were studied (mean +/- SD age: 42.71 +/- 11.

Three-dimensional relationship between high-order root-mean-square wavefront error, pupil diameter, and aging.

We report root-mean-square (RMS) wavefront error (WFE) for individual aberrations and cumulative high-order (HO) RMS WFE for the normal human eye as a function of age by decade and pupil diameter in 1 mm steps from 3 to 7 mm and determine the relationship among HO RMS WFE, mean age for each decade of life, and luminance for physiologic pupil diameters. Subjects included 146 healthy individuals from 20 to 80 years of age. Ocular aberration was measured on the preferred eye of each subject (for a total of 146 eyes through dilated pupils; computed for 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm pupils; and described with a tenth-radial-order normalized Zernike expansion.

Influence of exposure time and pupil size on a Shack-Hartmann metric of forward scatter.

Purpose: To determine the influence of exposure time and pupil size on a Shack-Hartmann (S/H) derived metric of forward scatter (MAX_SD) using a physical model of nuclear cataract.

Methods: A physical model eye was developed and mounted to a S/H wavefront sensor. The eye model consisted of a lens, variable pupil, simulated cataract, and retina.

Viewpoint: patient-centered medical care requires a patient-centered medical record.

If patient-centered medicine is to become a widespread reality in academic medical centers, educational initiatives must include reform of the medical record. The medical record is part of the hidden, or informal, curriculum of medical school and residency that defines for students and residents the essential ingredients of competent medical care. Whatever its merits, the conventional, problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is a pathology-oriented record that helps perpetuate a disease-focused, biomedical model of practice Patient-centered medicine requires a patient-centered medical record (PCMR), one that addresses the person and perspective of the patient as competently as it addresses the patient's disease.

Quantifying scatter in Shack-Hartmann images to evaluate nuclear cataract.

Purpose: Quantify and localize lenticular forward scatter using Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing (SHWS) as single-valued metrics and a scatter map, and to examine the relationships between forward scatter and backscatter metrics and visual acuity.

Methods: We obtained SHWS images from 148 patients in the Texas Investigation of Cataract Optics study. Patient age was 22 to 84 years, with Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III) nuclear opalescence (NO) scores ranging from 0.

Measuring visual acuity--mesopic or photopic conditions, and high or low contrast letters?

Purpose: To develop single-valued wavefront aberration metrics that correlate strongly with visual performance. The purpose of this study is to explore whether photopic high contrast visual acuity (VA) is an appropriate visual performance reference and whether mesopic and/or low contrast testing provides any advantage.

Methods: Subjects from the Texas Investigation of Cataract Optics study (N = 148) ranged in age from 21.

Optimal pupil size in the human eye for axial resolution.

A computer model that incorporates the monochromatic aberrations of the eye is used to determine the optimal pupil size for axial and lateral resolution as it applies to retinal imaging instruments such as the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The optimal pupil size for axial resolution, based on the aberrations of 15 subjects, is 4.30 mm +/- 1.

Automated image analysis technique for measurement of femoral component subsidence in total hip joint replacement.

A new technique for the measurement of subsidence of the femoral components is proposed. The method relies on the implantation of two ball markers around the femoral stem. A single radiographic image of the hip is analysed using image-processing techniques to minimize subjectivity related to manual identification of landmarks.