Gender difference in the activity but not expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

The higher frequency of lung adenocarcinoma in women smokers than in men smokers suggests a role for gender-dependent factors in the etiology of lung cancer. We evaluated estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta expression and activity in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and normal lung fibroblasts. Full-length ERalpha and ERbeta proteins were expressed in all cell lines with higher ERbeta than ERalpha.

Decreased frequency and highly aberrant spectrum of ultraviolet-induced mutations in the hprt gene of mouse fibroblasts expressing antisense RNA to DNA polymerase zeta.

In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA polymerase zeta (pol zeta) is responsible for the great majority of mutations generated during error-prone translesion replication of DNA that contains UV-induced lesions. The catalytic subunit of pol zeta is encoded by the Rev3 gene. The orthologue of Rev3 has been cloned from higher eukaryotic cells, including human, but its role in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis remains obscure.