Salivary exRNA biomarkers to detect gingivitis and monitor disease regression.

Aim: This study tests the hypothesis that salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers can be developed for gingivitis detection and monitoring disease regression.

Materials And Methods: Salivary exRNA biomarker candidates were developed from a total of 100 gingivitis and non-gingivitis individuals using Affymetrix's expression microarrays. The top 10 differentially expressed exRNAs were tested in a clinical cohort to determine whether the discovered salivary exRNA markers for gingivitis were associated with clinical gingivitis and disease regression.

Global metabolomic analysis of human saliva and plasma from healthy and diabetic subjects, with and without periodontal disease.

Recent studies suggest that periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are bi-directionally associated. Identification of a molecular signature for periodontitis using unbiased metabolic profiling could allow identification of biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of both diabetes and periodontal disease. This cross-sectional study identified plasma and salivary metabolic products associated with periodontitis and/or diabetes in order to discover biomarkers that may differentiate or demonstrate an interaction of these diseases.

Clinical investigation of oral malodor during long-term use of arginine-containing dentifrices.

Purpose: To investigate whether the long term use of two dentifrices containing arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and fluoride: (1) 1.5% arginine and 1450 ppm F as sodium monofluorophosphate (NaMFP) in a dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (dical) base, and (2) 8.0% arginine and 1450 ppm F as NaMFP in a calcium carbonate base, results in an increase in oral malodor potentially associated with increased ammonia production from breakdown of arginine, as compared to a commercially available fluoride dentifrice without arginine (1450 ppm F as NaMFP in a dical base), after 6 months of product use.

Efficacy of a mouthwash containing 0.8% arginine, PVM/MA copolymer, pyrophosphates, and 0.05% sodium fluoride compared to a commercial mouthwash containing 2.4% potassium nitrate and 0.022% sodium fluoride and a control mouthwash containing 0.05% sodium fluoride on dentine hypersensitivity: a six-week randomized clinical study.

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of 0.8% arginine, potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride mouthwashes on dentine hypersensitivity reduction.

Methods: Six week randomized, double blinded, two cell, parallel single centre clinical study in the Dominican Republic; subjects were randomized into three treatment groups: mouthwash containing 0.

Comparative efficacy of two treatment regimens combining in-office and at-home programs for dentin hypersensitivity relief: a 24-week clinical study.

Purpose: Dentin hypersensitivity is a significant clinical problem that affects numerous individuals. This sharp pain, arising from exposed dentin in response to external stimuli, can be a particularly uncomfortable and unpleasant sensation for patients, because it interferes with their quality of life. The objective of this 24-week, single-center, parallel group, double-blind, stratified and randomized clinical study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single professional treatment with an in-office desensitizing paste followed by twice daily brushing with a desensitizing toothpaste and toothbrush for 24 weeks.

Dentin tubule occlusion and erosion protection effects of dentifrice containing bioadhesive PVM/MA copolymers.

Objectives: To study the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing polyvinylmethyl ether-maleic acid (PVM/MA) copolymer in occluding dentin tubules and investigate the interaction between PVM/MA and type I collagen using surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

Materials And Methods: Fifteen volunteers brushed dentin discs in situ using dentifrices with and without PVM/MA copolymer in a cross-over design. Dentin tubule occlusion was evaluated after brushing, after overnight saliva challenge in vivo for 12 h and after drinking 250 ml of orange juice.

Comparison of efficacy of an arginine-calcium carbonate-MFP toothpaste to a calcium carbonate-MFP toothpaste in controlling supragingival calculus formation and gingivitis: a 6-month clinical study.

Purpose: To investigate whether the long-term use (6 months) of an arginine-calcium carbonate-MFP toothpaste would affect calculus formation and/or gingivitis when compared to a calcium carbonate-MFP toothpaste.

Methods: This was a double-blind clinical study. Eligible adult subjects (120) entered a 2-month pre-test phase of the study.

Extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a new dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2.0% PVM/MA copolymer, 0.243% NaF and specially-designed silica for sensitivity relief and whitening benefits as compared to a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2% PVM/MA copolymer, 0.243% NaF and to a negative control dentifrice containing 0.243% NaF: a 6-week study.

Purpose: This single-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group clinical study was designed to investigate the extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a new antisensitivity dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2% polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic acid copolymer (PVM/MA copolymer), 0.243% NaF and a new silica specially-designed to occlude dentin tubules, relative to a Positive Control dentifrice and a Negative Control dentifrice.

Comparative investigation of a dentifrice containing triclosan/copolymer/sodium fluoride and specially-designed silica and a dentifrice containing 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base for the control of established supra-gingival plaque and gingivitis: a 6-month clinical study.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2.0% PVM/MA copolymer, 0.

Assessment of hypersensitivity reduction of a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2.0% PVM/MA copolymer, 0.243% NaF and specially-designed silica as compared to a dentifrice containing 0.454% stannous fluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate and zinc lactate and to a dentifrice containing 0.243% NaF on dentin hypersensitivity reduction: an 8-week study.

Purpose: To evaluate the 8-week dentin hypersensitivity efficacy of three toothpastes: (1) a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2.0% PVM/MA copolymer, 0.

Teeth and implant surroundings: clinical health indices and microbiologic parameters.

Objective: Dental implants and peri-implant tissue are susceptible to disease conditions that may lead to implant loss. The objective of the present study was to describe teeth and implant surroundings as well as clinical health indices and oral microbiologic parameters.

Method And Materials: A group of 83 adults (42 men and 41 women) were enrolled in the study.

Extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a new desensitizing dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate and 1450 ppm fluoride.

Purpose: To evaluate the extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a new Pro-Argin formula whitening dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, a high cleaning calcium carbonate and 1450 ppm fluoride, as monofluorophosphate, after brushing twice daily for 4 and 8 weeks.

Methods: At the baseline visit, 92 adult subjects were stratified based on their Lobene Stain Index scores and randomized into two treatment groups; one using the new Pro-Argin formula whitening dentifrice (test group) and the other using the original Pro-Argin formula dentifrice (control group).

Dentin hypersensitivity reduction of a new toothpaste containing 8.0% arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride: an 8-week clinical study on Chinese adults.

Purpose: To present the results of an 8-week dentin hypersensitivity clinical study in which the efficacy of a new Pro-Argin formula toothpaste, with gentle whitening benefits, containing 8.0% arginine, a high cleaning calcium carbonate system, and 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) was compared to that of a commercial Pro-Argin formula toothpaste containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride as MFP and a negative control toothpaste containing calcium carbonate and 1450 ppm fluoride as MFP.

Instant dentin hypersensitivity relief of a new desensitizing dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, a high cleaning calcium carbonate system and 1450 ppm fluoride: a 3-day clinical study in Chengdu, China.

Purpose: To compare, with a double-blind, randomized, parallel-design clinical study, the hypersensitivity efficacy of a new Pro-Argin formula dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, a high cleaning calcium carbonate system and 1450 ppm fluoride to a previously validated Pro-Argin formula dentifrice containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate and 1450 ppm fluoride, and to a control toothpaste containing calcium carbonate and 1450 ppm fluoride, instantly after a single direct topical self-application using a fingertip, and after subsequent brushing for 3 days.

Comparative investigation of the efficacy of triclosan/copolymer/sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate/zinc lactate dentifrices for the control of established supragingival plaque and gingivitis in a six-month clinical study.

Objective: This double-blind clinical study, conducted at the University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, was designed to compare the efficacy of two commercially available dentifrices for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis.

Methods: Qualifying adult male and female subjects from the San Juan, Puerto Rico area were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: 1) a commercially available dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan, 2.

A clinical investigation of the efficacy of three commercially available dentifrices for controlling established gingivitis and supragingival plaque.

Objective: To assess the efficacy ofa dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan/2.0% PVM/MA copolymer/0.

Comparison of the short-term antiplaque/antibacterial efficacy of two commercial dentifrices.

Objective: The objective of these three clinical trials was to compare the impact of two commercial products, Colgate Total and Crest Pro-Health, on the formation of dental plaque over a 24-hour period of time. The studies utilized the Modified Gingival Margin Plaque Index (MGMPI), a validated and reliable clinical method for assessing the efficacy of products in reducing plaque build-up.

Methods: Colgate Total and Crest Pro-Health were the test products for all three clinical trials.

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of three commercially available toothpastes on dentin hypersensitivity reduction: an eight-week clinical study.

Objective: The objective of this eight-week, single-center, three-cell, double-blind, and randomized clinical study was to evaluate the dentin hypersensitivity reduction efficacy of three commercially available toothpastes: 1) Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief Toothpaste (also marketed as elmex Sensitive Professional); 2) Sensodyne Rapid Relief Toothpaste; and (3) Crest Cavity Protection Toothpaste.

Methods: 150 subjects, having two teeth with tactile and air blast hypersensitivity, were assigned to one of the three study groups (50/group). Subjects were then asked to brush their teeth for one minute, twice daily, with the given toothpaste.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of three toothpastes in reducing dentin hypersensitivity.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy in reducing dentin hypersensitivity of a test toothpaste containing 8% strontium acetate and 1040 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride (NaF) in a silica base, to a positive control toothpaste containing 8.0% arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) in a calcium carbonate base, and a negative control toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as NaF in a silica base.

Methods: Subjects identified with two hypersensitive teeth using the tactile (Yeaple Probe) and air blast (Schiff's Scale) hypersensitivity methods were assigned to their treatment group.

Evaluation of the antiplaque efficacy of two cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouthwashes.

Objective: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy in reducing dental plaque regrowth of two mouthwashes containing 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), one with 6% alcohol and one alcohol-free, as compared to a negative control mouthwash without CPC, using the Modified Gingival Margin Plaque Index (MGMPI).

Methods: The study was a double-blind, randomized, three-way crossover, controlled design.

Effects of dentin tubule occlusion by dentifrice containing a PVM/MA bioadhesive copolymer in a silica base.

Objective: To study the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing polymethyl vinyl ether-maleic acid (PVM/MA) copolymer in a silica base in occluding dentin tubules for treatment of dentin sensitivity.

Methods: Thirty-two human dentin discs were divided into two groups and brushed in the morning for 30s each to study the dentifrices with and without PVM/MA copolymer. Dentin tubule occlusion and dentin permeability were evaluated with a focus variation three dimensional vertical scanning microscope (IFM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

Evaluation of the specificity and effectiveness of selected oral hygiene actives in salivary biofilm microcosms.

The microbiological effects of biocidal products used for the enhancement of oral hygiene relate to the active compound(s) as well as other formulation components. Here, we test the specificities of selected actives in the absence of multiple excipients. Salivary ecosystems were maintained in tissue culture plate-based hydroxyapatite disc models (HDMs) and modified drip-flow biofilm reactors (MDFRs).

The use of the Modified Gingival Margin Plaque Index (MGMPI) method to investigate the inhibitory effect of various toothpastes on dental plaque formation.

Objective: Colgate Total (CTT) is the only FDA-approved toothpaste for antiplaque and antigingivitis benefits. The objective of this study was to compare the impact of Colgate Total Pharma (CTP), a new variant of Colgate Total, with Colgate Regular Toothpaste (CRT) on plaque formation over a 24-hour period following a single use of the dentifrice.

Methods: CTP and CRT were the two test products.

Triclosan inhibition of acute and chronic inflammatory gene pathways.

Aim: We sought to determine whether triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether), an extensively used anti-plaque agent with broad-spectrum anti-microbial activity, with reported anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1 (IL-1)beta, could also more broadly suppress multiple inflammatory gene pathways responsible for the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: As an exploratory study, the effects of triclosan on the inflammatory gene expression profile were assessed ex vivo using peripheral whole blood samples from eight periodontally healthy donors. Ten-millilitres whole blood aliquots were incubated 2 h with 0.