Publications by authors named "William D Becker"
Article Synopsis
- Factors driving freshwater salinization syndrome (FSS) include inputs of salt ions, erosion rates, hydrologic cycles, rising water temperatures, and ecosystem recovery potential.
- These factors operate in distinct stages that lead to failures in critical ecosystem functions, such as providing clean drinking water, supporting agriculture, and maintaining biodiversity.
- Future research should focus on diagnosing, predicting, and addressing FSS using the identified state factors and their stages.
Objectives: Environmental cues may precipitate nicotine cravings in smokers. We present 2 studies exploring the efficacy of nicotine mini lozenges to reduce nicotine craving in smokers following behavioral provocation.
Methods: Healthy smokers aged ≥18 years enrolled.
Single-Dose Bioequivalence of Two Mini Nicotine Lozenge Formulations.
Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev
June 2018
Diverse nicotine replacement therapy options may improve consumer usage. This study was conducted to establish the bioequivalence of a new cherry-flavored mini lozenge with that of a currently marketed mint-flavored mini lozenge. The rate (C ) and extent (AUC ) of plasma nicotine absorption were compared after administration of 2- and 4-mg doses of each lozenge in healthy adult smokers (n = 43).
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