UVR8-mediated induction of flavonoid biosynthesis for UVB tolerance is conserved between the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and flowering plants.

Damaging UVB radiation is a major abiotic stress facing land plants. In angiosperms the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) photoreceptor coordinates UVB responses, including inducing biosynthesis of protective flavonoids. We characterised the UVB responses of Marchantia polymorpha (marchantia), the model species for the liverwort group of basal plants.

Genetic analysis of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha reveals that R2R3MYB activation of flavonoid production in response to abiotic stress is an ancient character in land plants.

The flavonoid pathway is hypothesized to have evolved during land colonization by plants c. 450 Myr ago for protection against abiotic stresses. In angiosperms, R2R3MYB transcription factors are key for environmental regulation of flavonoid production.

Analysis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) structure and sequence within Epichloë endophyte genomes reveals impacts on gene structure and insights into ancestral hybridization events.

Epichloë grass endophytes comprise a group of filamentous fungi of both sexual and asexual species. Known for the beneficial characteristics they endow upon their grass hosts, the identification of these endophyte species has been of great interest agronomically and scientifically. The use of simple sequence repeat loci and the variation in repeat elements has been used to rapidly identify endophyte species and strains, however, little is known of how the structure of repeat elements changes between species and strains, and where these repeat elements are located in the fungal genome.

A Core Gene Set Describes the Molecular Basis of Mutualism and Antagonism in Epichloë spp.

Beneficial plant-fungal interactions play an important role in the ability of plants to survive changing environmental conditions. In contrast, phytopathogenic fungi fall at the opposite end of the symbiotic spectrum, causing reduced host growth or even death. In order to exploit beneficial interactions and prevent pathogenic ones, it is essential to understand the molecular differences underlying these alternative states.

Women living with facial hair: the psychological and behavioral burden.

Objective: While unwanted facial hair is clearly distressing for women, relatively little is known about its psychological impact. This study reports on the psychological and behavioral burden of facial hair in women with suspected polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods: Eighty-eight women (90% participation rate) completed a self-administered questionnaire concerning hair removal practices; the impact of facial hair on social and emotional domains; relationships and daily life; anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale); and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF).

Organic pollutants in wild ducks from New York state: I. Interspecies differences in concentrations and congener profiles of PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs.

Wild ducks of three species, common mergansers (Mergus merganser americanus), gadwalls (Anas streptera), and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), were collected near industrial sites in the Massena, NY area of the St. Lawrence River (SLR) in 1988/89 and 1994. Additional samples were collected in 1994 near a former polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) capacitor plant at Fort Edward, NY (a mallard and two wood ducks (Aix sponsa)), and at control sites (common mergansers, mallards and wood ducks).

Tools for managing image flow in the modality to clinical-image-review chain.

Web-based clinical-image viewing is commonplace in large medical centers. As demands for product and performance escalate, physicians, sold on the concept of "any image, anytime, anywhere," fret when image studies cannot be viewed in a time frame to which they are accustomed. Image delivery pathways in large medical centers are oftentimes complicated by multiple networks, multiple picture archiving and communication systems (PACS), and multiple groups responsible for image acquisition and delivery to multiple destinations.

HOST FEEDING REGIME AND ZOOXANTHELLAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE ANEMONE, AIPTASIA PALLIDA (VERRILL).

Oxygen production was measured in the anemone Aiptasia pallida (Verrill) maintained at varying feeding regimes in the laboratory. Host feeding regime had no significant effect on: (1) zooxanthellal gross photosynthesis (GPP) expressed as µg O · µg chl a · h or µg O · 10 zooxanthellae · h; (2) the light intensity at which ½ GPP occurs (K); or (3) the chlorophyll a content of the zooxanthellae. Starvation significantly reduced GPP expressed as µg O · mg host protein · h and zooxanthellal density within the host.