Risk factors and prognostic indicators for surgical outcome of dogs with esophageal foreign body obstructions.

OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors for surgical intervention, complications, and outcome in dogs with an esophageal foreign body (EFB). DESIGN Retrospective observational study. ANIMALS 224 incidents of EFB in 223 dogs evaluated at a veterinary teaching hospital from 1995 through 2014.

Effects of repeated use and resterilization on structural and functional integrity of microwave ablation antennas.

OBJECTIVE To determine effects of repeated use and resterilization on structural and functional integrity of microwave ablation (MWA) antennas. SAMPLE 17 cooled-shaft MWA antennas (3 groups of 5 antennas/group and 2 control antennas). PROCEDURES 1, 2, and 3 ablations in the livers of bovine cadavers were performed at the maximum recommended settings.

Impact of polymethylmethacrylate additives on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius biofilm formation in vitro.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of gentamicin, silver, or both additives in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) biofilm formation in vitro.

Sample: 4 preparations of PMMA beads (formed with no additive [control], gentamicin, silver, and gentamicin and silver).

Procedures: Beads from each group were exposed to 10 MRSP isolates known to be strong biofilm formers.

Presence of residual material following mini-hemilaminectomy in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.

Presence of residual material following mini-hemilaminectomy in dogs (n = 9) with spontaneous thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion was prospectively investigated. Volume of extruded disc material within the vertebral canal and the proportion of residual material were determined using pre- and post-operative magnetic resonance imaging. The degree of spinal cord compression, proportion of extradural material considered hemorrhage, and invasion of the articular facets were also determined.

Association between oral health status and retrovirus test results in cats.

Objective: To determine associations between oral health status and seropositivity for FIV or FeLV in cats.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Animals: 5,179 cats.

Comparison of the access window created by hemilaminectomy and mini-hemilaminectomy in the thoracolumbar vertebral canal using computed tomography.

Hemilaminectomy and mini-hemilaminectomy were performed on opposite sides of the spine at T11-T12, T13-L1, and L2-L3 in 11 canine cadavers in order to report differences in the access provided to the thoracolumbar vertebral canal. Measurements of the vertebral canal height, defect height, and dorsal and ventral remnants of the vertebral arch were obtained after computed tomography. A median of 7% to 20% of the vertebral canal height was not removed dorsally after mini-hemilaminectomy compared to 1% to 2% in hemilaminectomy.

Blood collected on filter paper for wildlife serology: evaluating storage and temperature challenges of field collections.

Filter-paper (FP) blood sampling can facilitate wildlife research and expand disease surveillance. Previous work indicated that Nobuto FP samples from caribou and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus subspecies) had comparable sensitivity and specificity to serum samples (≥ 80% for both) in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISAs) for Brucella spp., Neospora caninum, and West Nile virus.

Blood collected on filter paper for wildlife serology: detecting antibodies to Neospora caninum, West Nile virus, and five bovine viruses in reindeer.

We compared Nobuto filter paper (FP) whole-blood samples to serum for detecting antibodies to seven pathogens in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Serum and FP samples were collected from captive reindeer in 2008-2009. Sample pairs (serum and FP eluates) were assayed in duplicate at diagnostic laboratories with the use of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISAs) for Neospora caninum and West Nile virus (WNV); indirect ELISA (iELISAs) for bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV); and virus neutralization (VN) for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types I and II.

Triclosan inhibits arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in three wetland plants.

In terrestrial ecosystems, plant growth, plant community structure, and ultimately the ecosystem services provided by plants are dependent on the presence and composition of below ground arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities. AM fungi form obligate symbioses with plants providing nutrients to their host plants in exchange for photosynthates. While AM have been found in most wetland ecosystems, the effects of urban contaminants on AM associations are largely unknown.

Comparison of the effect of single-site and multiple-site disk fenestration on the rate of recurrence of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation in dogs.

Objective: To prospectively assess whether multiple-site disk fenestration decreases the incidence of recurrent thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH), compared with single-site disk fenestration, in small-breed dogs treated for IVDH.

Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Animals: 207 client-owned dogs.

Changes in hoof surface strain distribution in response to moderate exercise in Standardbreds.

Objective: To quantify changes in hoof wall strain distribution associated with exercise and time in Standardbreds.

Animals: 18 young adult Standardbreds.

Procedures: 9 horses were exercised 4 d/wk for 30 to 45 minutes at a medium trot for 4 months; 9 nonexercised horses served as the control group.

Changes in growth of the hoof wall and hoof morphology in response to regular periods of trotting exercise in Standardbreds.

Objective: To quantitate changes in hoof wall growth and hoof morphology induced by mild exercise in Standardbreds.

Animals: 18 Standardbreds.

Procedures: Horses were exercised at approximately 6 m/s (4,200 to 5,600 m/d) on 4 d/wk for 17 weeks.

Response of hypotensive dogs to dopamine hydrochloride and dobutamine hydrochloride during deep isoflurane anesthesia.

Objective: To evaluate the dose-related cardiovascular and urine output (UrO) effects of dopamine hydrochloride and dobutamine hydrochloride, administered individually and in combination at various ratios, and identify individual doses that achieve target mean arterial blood pressure (MAP; 70 mm Hg) and cardiac index (CI; 150 mL/kg/min) in dogs during deep isoflurane anesthesia.

Animals: 10 young clinically normal dogs.

Procedures: Following isoflurane equilibration at a baseline MAP of 50 mm Hg on 3 occasions, dogs randomly received IV administration of dopamine (3, 7, 10, 15, and 20 microg/kg/min), dobutamine (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 microg/kg/min), and dopamine-dobutamine combinations (3.

Comparison of cardiopulmonary responses during sedation with epidural and local anesthesia for laparoscopic-assisted jejunostomy feeding tube placement with cardiopulmonary responses during general anesthesia for laparoscopic-assisted or open surgical jejunostomy feeding tube placement in healthy dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the use of laparoscopic-assisted jejunostomy feeding tube (J-tube) placement in healthy dogs under sedation with epidural and local anesthesia and compare cardiopulmonary responses during this epidural anesthetic protocol with cardiopulmonary responses during general anesthesia for laparoscopic-assisted or open surgical J-tube placement.

Animals: 15 healthy mixed-breed dogs.

Procedures: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive open surgical J-tube placement under general anesthesia (n = 5 dogs; group 1), laparoscopic-assisted J-tube placement under general anesthesia (5; group 2), or laparoscopic-assisted J-tube placement under sedation with epidural and local anesthesia (5; group 3).

Comparison of arterial pressure waveform analysis with the lithium dilution technique to monitor cardiac output in anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To assess agreement between arterial pressure waveform-derived cardiac output (PCO) and lithium dilution cardiac output (LiDCO) systems in measurements of various levels of cardiac output (CO) induced by changes in anesthetic depth and administration of inotropic drugs in dogs.

Animals: 6 healthy dogs.

Procedure: Dogs were anesthetized on 2 occasions separated by at least 5 days.

Cardiovascular effects of insufflation of the abdomen with carbon dioxide in standing horses sedated with detomidine.

Objective: To determine the cardiovascular effects of 60 minutes of abdominal insufflation with CO2 to an intra-abdominal pressure of 15 mm Hg in standing horses receiving a constant rate infusion of detomidine.

Animals: 5 horses.

Procedure: Horses were randomly allocated into treatment or control groups.