Background The utility of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) in the inpatient setting is controversial due to retention rates and costs. Aim This study aims to evaluate whether using SBCE significantly improved the identification of potential bleeding sites or reduced the risk of 30-day readmission for overt or occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort study involving inpatients who underwent SBCE at a suburban tertiary care hospital from January 1, 2012, to January 1, 2022, for suspected small bowel bleeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAortic stenosis (AS) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are distinct disorders leading to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but whether cardiac metabolism substantially differs between these in humans remains to be elucidated. We undertook an invasive (aortic root, coronary sinus) metabolic profiling in patients with severe AS and HCM in comparison with non-LVH controls to investigate cardiac fuel selection and metabolic remodeling. These patients were assessed under different physiological states (at rest, during stress induced by pacing).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected healthcare services, including HIV patient care. This study assessed the impact of the pandemic on diverse aspects of care for individuals living with HIV (PLWH).
Methods: Patient data from 2019 to 2021 were collected using the Cascades template, provided by the New York State Department of Health, focusing on viral testing and suppression outcomes.
Nitrogen Critical Loads (NCL), as purported ecological dose-response outcomes for nitrogen deposition from anthropogenic sources, play a central role in environmental policies around the world. In the Netherlands, these NCL are used to assess, via calculations using the model AERIUS, to what extent NCL are exceeded for different habitats as a result of different sources such as industry, agriculture, traffic. NCL are, however, not well defined, and are subject to hitherto unrecognized forms of uncertainty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Determine the consistency, accessibility, and adequacy of parental leave policies for adult and pediatric medicine fellowship programs.
Methods: We administered a 40-question survey to fellowship program directors (PDs) and trainees in adult and pediatric cardiology, hematology/oncology, gastroenterology, and pulmonology/critical care fellowship programs in the United States. We used Chi-square tests to compare proportions for categorical variables and t-tests to compare means for continuous variables.
Background: Publications are an important component of academic careers.
Aims: We investigated the financial costs to authors for submitting and publishing manuscripts in gastroenterology (GI) journals in the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), and elsewhere.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out from 11/1/2020 to 12/31/2020.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
October 2021
Purpose: To evaluate reviewers' timeliness and review quality for the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics (IJROBP) by sex and seniority.
Methods And Materials: The IJROBP editorial office provided data on 3962 individuals invited to review manuscripts from 2011 through 2014. We identified 1657 reviewers who had been invited to provide a review on at least 3 occasions during the study period and compared review timeliness and scoring between male and female reviewers.
Background: Publication history is a key factor in securing academic promotion, but historical underrepresentation of women in gastroenterology may be an ongoing obstacle to achieving gender parity in leadership positions.
Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study of gastroenterology programs in the United States, with data including faculty and trainee names, leadership positions, Hirsch indices, and year of first gastroenterology certification gathered from 1 February 2020 to 1 March 2020. Our outcomes of interest were: 1) sex representation in various leadership positions in academic gastroenterology departments; and 2) mean difference in Hirsch indices between men and women, for which we used univariate and multivariate regression models.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
October 2021
Objectives: Investigate whether or not race is associated with differences in hospitalization and survival to discharge among patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) at the height of the pandemic in New York City (NYC).
Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at our university-affiliated NYC hospital from 3/10/20 through 4/13/20 with follow-up to 5/1/20. Our primary endpoint was hospitalization rate among patients with confirmed COVID-19 compared with the regional population based on race.
Background/aims: Studies comparing the utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) for solid pancreatic lesions have been inconclusive with no clear superiority. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the diagnostic accuracy and safety between the two sampling techniques.
Methods: We performed a systematic search of randomized controlled trials published between 2012 and 2019.
Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided cystogastrostomy has become the first-line treatment for symptomatic peripancreatic fluid collections. The aim of this study is to analyze the efficacy and safety of cystogastrostomy via a meta-analysis of the literature.
Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed and Medline databases for studies published from January 2005 to May 2018.
Objectives: Adult Onset Still's Disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder. There is relatively little known about the impact of social determinants of health on its outcomes. Our goal is to describe the racial/ethnic variations, morbidity and mortality of AOSD hospitalized patients in the US.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Esophageal cancer (EC) has a dismal prognosis with 5-year survival < 19%. Black patients with EC have higher mortality than white patients, but the cause of this disparity is unclear. We sought to investigate the impact of race upon overall mortality (OM) among EC patients at our institution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Large-scale, placebo-controlled trials established that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs confer a cardiovascular hazard: this has been attributed to depression of cardioprotective products of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, especially prostacyclin. An alternative mechanism by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs might constrain cardioprotection is by enhancing the formation of methylarginines in the kidney that would limit the action of nitric oxide throughout the vasculature.
Methods: Targeted and untargeted metabolomics were used to investigate the effect of COX-2 deletion or inhibition in mice and in osteoarthritis patients exposed to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway.
We argue that making accept/reject decisions on scientific hypotheses, including a recent call for changing the canonical alpha level from = 0.05 to = 0.005, is deleterious for the finding of new discoveries and the progress of science.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of cauliflower ( var. ) is highly dependent on temperature due to vernalization requirements, which often causes delay and unevenness in maturity during months with warm temperatures. Integrating quantitative genetic analyses with phenology modeling was suggested to accelerate breeding strategies toward wide-adaptation cauliflower.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Presence of prominent left ventricular trabeculation satisfying criteria for left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) on routine cardiac magnetic resonance examination is frequently encountered; however, the clinical and prognostic significance of these findings remain elusive. This registry aimed to assess LVNC prevalence by 4 current criteria and to prospectively evaluate an association between diagnosis of LVNC by these criteria and adverse events.
Methods And Results: There were 700 patients referred for cardiac magnetic resonance: 42% were women, median age was 70 years (range, 45-71 years), mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 51% (±17%), and 32% had late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance.
Context: Over the past three decades, industry sponsored research expanded in the United States. Financial incentives can lead to potential conflicts of interest (COI) resulting in underreporting of negative study results.
Objective: We hypothesized that over the three decades, there would be an increase in: a) reporting of conflict of interest and source of funding; b) percentage of randomized control trials c) number of patients per study and d) industry funding.
QTL regions on chromosomes C06 and C09 are involved in temperature dependent time to curd induction in cauliflower. Temperature is the main environmental factor influencing curding time of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the added value of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and different classifications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk model using a clinical definition of lung disease for predicting outcomes after cardiothoracic (CT) surgery.
Methods: We evaluated consecutive patients who underwent nonemergency cardiac surgery and underwent PFTs before CT surgery. We used the STS risk model 2.
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is a vernalization-responsive crop. High ambient temperatures delay harvest time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To investigate the association of pericardial, mediastinal, and intrathoracic fat volumes with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), metabolic syndrome (MS), and cardiac risk factors (CRFs).
Methods And Results: Two hundred and sixteen consecutive patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and had a coronary angiogram within 12 months of the CMR were studied. Fat volume was measured by drawing region of interest curves, from short-axis cine views from base to apex and from a four-chamber cine view.