Atazanavir modestly increases plasma levels of raltegravir in healthy subjects.

Raltegravir is an HIV integrase inhibitor that is metabolized through glucuronidation by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1, and its use is anticipated in combination with atazanavir (a uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 inhibitor). Two pharmacokinetic studies of healthy subjects assessed the effect of multiple-dose atazanavir or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir on raltegravir levels in plasma. Atazanavir and atazanavir plus ritonavir modestly increase plasma levels of raltegravir.

Effect of levetiracetam on cardiac repolarization in healthy subjects: a single-dose, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, four-way crossover study.

Background: Nonantiarrhythmic drugs may have the potential to prolong the QT interval, leading to potentially fatal ventricular tachycardias, including torsades de pointes.

Objective: This study evaluated the potential of the newer-generation, multiple-action antiepileptic drug levetiracetam, which binds to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, to affect cardiac repolarization, as detected by prolongation of the QT/corrected QT (QTc) interval.

Methods: This was a single-dose, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, 4-way crossover study in healthy subjects.

Pharmacokinetics, disposition, and metabolism of bicifadine in humans.

Bicifadine [DOV 220,075; (+/-)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-azabicyclo-[3.1.0]hexane HCl)] is a non-narcotic analgesic that has proven to be effective for the treatment of acute pain in clinical studies.

Metabolism and hemoglobin adduct formation of acrylamide in humans.

Acrylamide (AM), used in the manufacture of polyacrylamide and grouting agents, is produced during the cooking of foods. Workplace exposure to AM can occur through the dermal and inhalation routes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the metabolism of AM in humans following oral administration, to compare hemoglobin adduct formation on oral and dermal administration, and to measure hormone levels.

Non-surgical uterine flushing for the recovery of preimplantation embryos in rhesus monkeys: Lack of seasonal infertility.

A non-surgical uterine flushing technique was employed to recover rhesus monkey preimplantation embryos during April--September, a period thought to be associated with reduced fertility. A total of 22 females of proven fertility, maintained indoors under strict light and temperature control, were employed for the study in which 72 menstrual cycles were monitored. The average length of their menstrual cycle was 27.

Urinary and plasma gonadotropin concentrations in golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus r. rosalia).

This paper describes the development and validation of a plasma and urinary gonadotropin immunoassay for golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia), an endangered New World callitrichid primate. The assay is derived from a macaque chorionic gonadotropin assay and was validated for both plasma and urine samples in L. rosalia.

The secretion of bioactive and immunoreactive follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) throughout the menstrual cycle of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

The present study provides the first evaluation of related changes in serum levels of bioactive FSH (Bio FSH) and immunoreactive FSH (iFSH), and concurrent dynamics of LH and FSH bioactivity throughout the menstrual cycle of the rhesus monkey. Mean concentrations of Bio FSH were elevated on days 0 and 1 (n = 7; P < 0.05; day 0 = preovulatory LH surge).

Reproductive performance and excretion of urinary estrogens and gonadotropins in the female pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea).

By retrospective review of colony records and determinations of urinary hormones we have described the reproductive profile of the female pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea). The pygmy marmoset is a nonseasonal breeder and gives birth to twins 76% of the time with single births occurring 16% and triplet births 8% of the time. Interbirth intervals ranged from 149-746 days.