Assessment of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Related Variables in Acute Stroke Patients Receiving Intravenous Antihypertensive Medication Infusions.

Background: We performed an analysis of a large intensive care unit electronic database to provide preliminary estimates of various blood pressure parameters in patients with acute stroke receiving intravenous (IV) antihypertensive medication and determine the relationship with in-hospital outcomes.

Methods: We identified the relationship between pre-treatment and post-treatment systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR)-related variables and in-hospital mortality and acute kidney injury in patients with acute stroke receiving IV clevidipine, nicardipine, or nitroprusside using data provided in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database.

Results: A total of 1830 patients were treated with IV clevidipine (n = 64), nicardipine (n = 1623), or nitroprusside (n = 143).

Liver injury on admission linked to worse outcomes in COVID-19: an analysis of 14,138 patients.

Background: Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can result in hepatic inflammation and injury that varies from mild to severe and potentially acute fulminant liver injury, may be associated with poor outcomes. Our aims were to: (I) assess baseline clinical and demographic characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who did and did not have abnormalities in liver chemistries [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (Tbili)] and (II) evaluate associations between abnormalities in liver chemistries and the primary outcomes of in-hospital death, intubation, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Methods: In this nationwide retrospective cohort study of 14,138 patients, we analyzed associations between abnormalities in liver chemistries (ALT, AST, ALP, and Tbili) and mortality, intubation, and prolonged hospital LOS in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19.

COVID-Specific Long-term Sequelae in Comparison to Common Viral Respiratory Infections: An Analysis of 17 487 Infected Adult Patients.

Background: A better understanding of long-term health effects after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become one of the health care priorities in the current pandemic. We analyzed a large and diverse patient cohort to study health effects related to SARS-CoV-2 infection occurring >1 month postinfection.

Methods: We analyzed 17 487 patients who received diagnoses for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a total of 122 health care facilities in the United States before April 14, 2022.

Outcomes with IV tenecteplase and IV alteplase for acute ischemic stroke with or without thrombectomy in real-world settings in the United States.

Background And Purpose: Although many stroke centers in United States are using intravenous (IV) tenecteplase (TNK) for acute ischemic stroke patients, there is paucity of comparative data between IV TNK and IV alteplase from real-world settings.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the data from 122 healthcare facilities in Cerner Real World Data and included patients admitted between February 2016 to April 2022 to determine the effect of IV TNK (compared with IV alteplase) on occurrence of two outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients stratified by use of thrombectomy: non-routine discharge or death, and intracranial hemorrhage after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: Among 30,643 acute ischemic stroke patients analyzed, 29,480 (96.

New cardiovascular events in the convalescent period among survivors of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may have an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events in the convalescent period.

Aims: To determine whether patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have an increased risk of cardiovascular events during the convalescent period.

Methods: We analyzed 10,691 hospitalized adult pneumonia patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and contemporary matched controls of pneumonia patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

New-Onset Dementia Among Survivors of Pneumonia Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.

Background: Case series without control groups suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may result in cognitive deficits and dementia in the postinfectious period.

Methods: Adult pneumonia patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (index hospitalization) and age-, gender-, and race/ethnicity-matched contemporary control pneumonia patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified from 110 healthcare facilities in United States. The risk of new diagnosis of dementia following >30 days after the index hospitalization event without any previous history of dementia was identified using logistic regression analysis to adjust for potential confounders.

Utilization and Outcomes of Acute Revascularization Treatments in Ischemic Stroke Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Objectives: Acute ischemic stroke patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus maybe candidates for acute revascularization treatments (intravenous thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy).

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the data from 62 healthcare facilities to determine the odds of receiving acute revascularization treatments in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infected patients and determined the odds of composite of death and non-routine discharge with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infected and non-infected patients undergoing acute revascularization treatments after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: Acute ischemic stroke patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection were significantly less likely to receive acute revascularization treatments (odds ratio 0.

Effect of Race and Ethnicity on In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19.

Objective: To identify differences in short-term outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) according to various racial/ethnic groups.

Design: Analysis of Cerner de-identified COVID-19 dataset.

Setting: A total of 62 health care facilities.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Cohort of 282,718 Hospitalized Patients.

Background: To identify whether the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage is higher in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we compared the risk factors, comorbidities, and outcomes in patients intracerebral hemorrhage and COVID-19 and those without COVID-19.

Methods: We analyzed the data from the Cerner deidentified COVID-19 data set derived from 62 health care facilities. The data set included patients with an emergency department or inpatient encounter with discharge diagnoses codes that could be associated with suspicion of or exposure to COVID-19 or confirmed COVID-19.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and COVID-19: An Analysis of 282,718 Patients.

Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (including subarachnoid hemorrhage [SAH]) has been reported in 0.3%-1.2% of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Reinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Patients Undergoing Serial Laboratory Testing.

Background: A better understanding of reinfection after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become one of the healthcare priorities in the current pandemic. We determined the rate of reinfection, associated factors, and mortality during follow-up in a cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: We analyzed 9119 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received serial tests in total of 62 healthcare facilities in the United States between 1 December 2019 and 13 November 2020.

Acute Ischemic Stroke and COVID-19: An Analysis of 27 676 Patients.

Background And Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke may occur in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but risk factors, in-hospital events, and outcomes are not well studied in large cohorts. We identified risk factors, comorbidities, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 with or without acute ischemic stroke and compared with patients without COVID-19 and acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We analyzed the data from 54 health care facilities using the Cerner deidentified COVID-19 dataset.

Exploratory Data Mining for Subgroup Cohort Discoveries and Prioritization.

Finding small homogeneous subgroup cohorts in large heterogeneous populations is a critical process for hypothesis development in biomedical research. Concurrent computational approaches are still lacking in robust answers to the question "what hypotheses are likely to be novel and to produce clinically relevant results with well thought-out study designs?" We have developed a novel subgroup discovery method which employs a deep exploratory mining process to slice and dice thousands of potential subpopulations and prioritize potential cohorts based on their explainable contrast patterns and which may provide interventionable insights. We conducted computational experiments on both synthesized data and a clinical autism data set to assess performance quantitatively for coverage of pre-defined cohorts and qualitatively for novel knowledge discovery, respectively.