Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the finger.

We present an unusual instance of juvenile xanthogranuloma occurring in the hand. A 23-month-old girl had a mass on the radial aspect of the right third finger at the distal interphalangeal joint that extended to the collateral ligament. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as a juvenile xanthogranuloma after resection of the mass.

Hand infections: basic principles and management.

Background: An untreated hand infection can lead rapidly to tissue destruction and permanent disability.

Methods: Review of the pertinent English literature.

Results: Early diagnosis and timely, effective intervention is crucial to treatment.

Forearm compartment syndrome: anatomical analysis of surgical approaches to the deep space.

Forearm compartment syndrome is a surgical emergency that usually requires release of the superficial muscle compartments. In some clinical situations it is imperative to also explore the deep muscle compartments. There are no anatomical guides for surgical exploration of the deep compartments that would minimize collateral damage to surrounding vessels, nerves, and muscles.

Botox and collagen for glabellar furrows: advantages of combination therapy.

Plastic surgeons frequently administer botulinum toxin A (Botox) or collagen as monotherapy to treat glabellar furrows. This study evaluates the possible advantages of combination therapy. Sixty-five patients with moderate to severe glabellar rhytids were prospectively randomized to receive standard injections of Botox, Zyderm II collagen, or a combination.

COX-2 up-regulation in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome.

The objective of this study was to determine whether cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is up-regulated in the synovium of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Twenty patients were enrolled: 16 consecutive patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and four control patients (exploration for non-carpal tunnel syndrome-related wrist or forearm pathology). Clinical data (demographics, pertinent history, symptomatology) were obtained preoperatively.

Management strategy for compartment syndrome of the upper extremity arising during anticoagulation or thrombolytic therapy: an increasingly common surgical dilemma.

Compartment syndrome is a documented and potentially lethal complication of thrombolytic therapy. With the increasing use of catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy, a high index of suspicion for the potential occurrence of this surgical emergency must be maintained. Errors of omission in the diagnosis of compartment syndrome, even for a few hours, may lead rapidly to limb loss, renal failure, and possibly death.