Matrix-bound nanovesicles alleviate particulate-induced periprosthetic osteolysis.

Aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants is an inflammatory disease characterized by immune cell activation, chronic inflammation, and destruction of periprosthetic bone, and is one of the leading reasons for prosthetic failure, affecting 12% of total joint arthroplasty patients. Matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBVs) are a subclass of extracellular vesicle recently shown to mitigate inflammation in preclinical models of rheumatoid arthritis and influenza-mediated "cytokine storm." The molecular mechanism of these anti-inflammatory properties is only partially understood.

Role of 4-hydroxybutyrate in increased resistance to surgical site infections associated with surgical meshes.

An increased resistance to surgical site infections has been associated with surgical meshes composed of naturally occurring materials, including poly-4-hydroxybutrate (4HB). 4HB is a naturally occurring short-chain fatty acid that has been shown to promote endogenous expression of the Cramp gene coding for the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) cathelicidin LL-37 in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. The molecular pathways involved in the 4HB-induced cathelicidin LL-37 expression have not yet been identified.

Discovery and Characterization of Bacteriophage LuckyBarnes.

Here, we report the genome sequence of LuckyBarnes, a newly isolated singleton siphovirus that infects ATCC 15728 and has a 50,774-bp genome with 67 predicted genes.

Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium Phage Waterfoul.

Waterfoul is a newly isolated temperate siphovirus of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc155. It was identified as a member of the K5 cluster of Mycobacterium phages and has a 61,248-bp genome with 95 predicted genes.