Measurement of soluble CD59 in CSF in demyelinating disease: Evidence for an intrathecal source of soluble CD59.

Background: CD59, a broadly expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, is the principal cell inhibitor of complement membrane attack on cells. In the demyelinating disorders, multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), elevated complement protein levels, including soluble CD59 (sCD59), were reported in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Objectives: We compared sCD59 levels in CSF and matched plasma in controls and patients with MS, NMOSD and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and investigated the source of CSF sCD59 and whether it was microparticle associated.

Internal structure and reliability of the Attachment Insecurity Screening Inventory (AISI) for children age 6 to 12.

Background: The aim of the present study was to examine the internal structure and reliability of the Attachment Insecurity Screening Inventory (AISI) 6-12. The AISI 6-12 years is a parent-report questionnaire for assessing the parents' perspective on the quality of the attachment relationship with their child aged between 6 and 12 years.

Methods: The sample consisted of 681 mothers and fathers reporting on 372 children (72.

Arabidopsis Phospholipase C3 is Involved in Lateral Root Initiation and ABA Responses in Seed Germination and Stomatal Closure.

Phospholipase C (PLC) is well known for its role in animal signaling, where it generates the second messengers, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), by hydrolyzing the minor phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), upon receptor stimulation. In plants, PLC's role is still unclear, especially because the primary targets of both second messengers are lacking, i.e.

Eslicarbazepine acetate in epilepsies with focal and secondary generalised seizures: systematic review of current evidence.

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a third-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) approved for adjunctive treatment in adults, children, and adolescents with focal-onset seizures. Recently ESL was approved for initial monotherapy in adults. The intention of this article is to review current evidence for ESL and to summarise its pharmacological profile in comparison to other AEDs of the dibenzazepine group.

Genomic characterization and pathogenic study of two porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different virulence in Fujian, China.

Two strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were isolated in 2006 and 2016 and designated as FZ06A and FZ16A, respectively. Inoculation experiments showed that FZ06A caused 100% morbidity and 60% mortality, while FZ16A caused 100% morbidity without death. By using genomic sequence and phylogenetic analyses, close relationships between a Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV strain and the FZ06A and FZ16A strains were observed.

Construction of a High-Density Genetic Map from RNA-Seq Data for an Arabidopsis Bay-0 × Shahdara RIL Population.

High-density genetic maps are essential for high resolution mapping of quantitative traits. Here, we present a new genetic map for an Arabidopsis Bayreuth × Shahdara recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, built on RNA-seq data. RNA-seq analysis on 160 RILs of this population identified 30,049 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the whole genome.

Metabolomic analysis of tomato seed germination.

Introduction: Seed germination is inherently related to seed metabolism, which changes throughout its maturation, desiccation and germination processes. The metabolite content of a seed and its ability to germinate are determined by underlying genetic architecture and environmental effects during development.

Objective: This study aimed to assess an integrative approach to explore genetics modulating seed metabolism in different developmental stages and the link between seed metabolic- and germination traits.

Incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients treated with both bone resorption inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Background: Several case reports and small case series have suggested a higher incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients treated concomitantly with bone resorption inhibitors (BRIs) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs), as compared to patients treated with BRIs alone. We aimed to assess ONJ-incidence in patients exposed concomitantly to BRIs and VEGFR-TKIs.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the records of all patients who received VEGFR-TKIs concomitantly with BRIs.

Inhibition studies of DNA methyltransferases by maleimide derivatives of RG108 as non-nucleoside inhibitors.

Aim: DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are important drug targets for epigenetic therapy of cancer. Nowadays, non-nucleoside DNMT inhibitors are in development to address high toxicity of nucleoside analogs. However, these compounds still have low activity in cancer cells and mode of action of these compounds remains unclear.

Cis-drivers and trans-drivers of bovine leukemia virus oncogenesis.

The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus inducing an asymptomatic and persistent infection in ruminants and leading in a minority of cases to the accumulation of B-lymphocytes (lymphocytosis, leukemia or lymphoma). Although the mechanisms of oncogenesis are still largely unknown, there is clear experimental evidence showing that BLV infection drastically modifies the pattern of gene expression of the host cell. This alteration of the transcriptome in infected B-lymphocytes results first, from a direct activity of viral proteins (i.

Predictors for unintentional medication reconciliation discrepancies in preadmission medication: a systematic review.

Purpose: Discrepancies in preadmission medication (PAM) are common and potentially harmful. Medication reconciliation is able to reduce the discrepancy rate, yet implementation is challenging. In order for reconciliation efforts to be more cost-effective, patients at high risk for reconciliation errors should be identified.

Developing a decision rule to optimise clinical pharmacist resources for medication reconciliation in the emergency department.

Background: The process of obtaining a complete medication history for patients admitted to the hospital from the ED at hospital admission, without discrepancies, is error prone and time consuming.

Objectives: The goal of this study was the development of a clinical decision rule (CDR) with a high positive predictive value in detecting ED patients admitted to hospital at risk of at least one discrepancy during regular medication history acquisition, along with favourable feasibility considering time and budget constraints.

Methods: Data were based on a previous prospective study conducted at the ED in Belgium, describing discrepancies in 3592 medication histories.

Postmarketing experience with brivaracetam in the treatment of epilepsies: A multicenter cohort study from Germany.

Objective: To evaluate factors predicting efficacy, retention, and tolerability of add-on brivaracetam (BRV) in clinical practice.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study recruiting all patients who started BRV between February and November 2016 with observation time between 3 and 12 months.

Results: Of a total of 262 patients (mean age 40, range 5-81 years, 129 male) treated with BRV, 227 (87%) were diagnosed to have focal, 19 (7%) idiopathic generalized and 8 (3%) symptomatic generalized epilepsy, whereas 8 (3%) were unclassified.

Treatment of refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus with brivaracetam: A cohort study from two German university hospitals.

Purpose: We aimed to ascertain the possible use of brivaracetam (BRV) as an option for treatment of status epilepticus (SE).

Methods: A review of medical records was carried out to detect BRV administration in SE patients treated in Frankfurt and Greifswald during the period February 2016 to January 2017. The primary outcome question concerned SE resolution after BRV initiation.

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations should be considered as a prognostic factor for survival of patients with pathological fractures or painful bone metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.

Aims: This study aims to assess first, whether mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Kirsten rat sarcoma (kRAS) genes are associated with overall survival (OS) in patients who present with symptomatic bone metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and secondly, whether mutation status should be incorporated into prognostic models that are used when deciding on the appropriate palliative treatment for symptomatic bone metastases.

Patients And Methods: We studied 139 patients with NSCLC treated between 2007 and 2014 for symptomatic bone metastases and whose mutation status was known. The association between mutation status and overall survival was analysed and the results applied to a recently published prognostic model to determine whether including the mutation status would improve its discriminatory power.

The efficacy of lacosamide as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy in focal epilepsy and its use in status epilepticus: clinical trial evidence and experience.

Lacosamide (LCM) is approved for anticonvulsive treatment in focal epilepsy and exhibits its function through the slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). LCM shows comparable efficacy with other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) licensed in the last decade: in three randomized placebo-controlled trials, significant median seizure reduction rates of 35.2% for 200 mg/day, 36.

Quantification of Cell Turnover in the Bovine Leukemia Virus Model.

In a perspective of a comparative virology approach, characterization of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) model may be helpful to better understand infection by the related human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). In this paper, we first provide detailed protocols to inoculate cloned BLV proviruses into sheep or cattle. We also describe methods to quantify apoptosis ex vivo and cell turnover in vivo.

Structural and functional insight into human O-GlcNAcase.

O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA) removes O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) from a myriad of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Through co-expression and assembly of OGA fragments, we determined the three-dimensional structure of human OGA, revealing an unusual helix-exchanged dimer that lays a structural foundation for an improved understanding of substrate recognition and regulation of OGA. Structures of OGA in complex with a series of inhibitors define a precise blueprint for the design of inhibitors that have clinical value.

Eslicarbazepine acetate as a therapeutic option in a patient with carbamazepine-induced rash and HLA-A*31:01.

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is an anticonvulsant drug approved for the treatment of focal epilepsies, and related to oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine (CBZ), which are also derivatives of the dibenzazepine family. ESL is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity reactions to CBZ.We report a patient with frontal lobe epilepsy responding to treatment with ESL without any serious adverse effects after developing a severe skin rash following treatment with CBZ.

Lacosamide in status epilepticus: Systematic review of current evidence.

Objective: The intravenous formulation of lacosamide (LCM) and its good overall tolerability and safety favor the use in status epilepticus (SE). The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate studies reporting on the use of LCM in SE.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search of electronic databases using a combined search strategy from 2008 until October 2016.