Patterns of retrograde axonal degeneration in the visual system.

Conclusive evidence for existence of acquired retrograde axonal degeneration that is truly trans-synaptic (RTD) has not yet been provided for the human visual system. Convincing data rely on experimental data of lesions to the posterior visual pathways. This study aimed to overcome the limitations of previous human studies, namely pathology to the anterior visual pathways and neurodegenerative co-morbidity.

Time is vision in recurrent optic neuritis.

In optic neuritis (ON) inflammation precedes onset of demyelination and axonal loss. The anti-inflammatory properties of corticosteroids may be most effective in the early inflammatory phase, but rapid patient recruitment remains a logistic challenge. The aim of the study was to review the effect of time to initiation of treatment on visual outcome in recurrent ON.

The clinical spectrum of microcystic macular edema.

Purpose: Microcystic macular edema (MME), originally described in British literature as microcystic macular oedema (MMO), defines microcysts in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. Microcystic macular edema was described in multiple sclerosis (MS), but can be found in numerous disorders. The presence of MME has important prognostic and therapeutic implications; however, the differential diagnosis is unknown.

A simple sign for recognizing off-axis OCT measurement beam placement in the context of multicentre studies.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows quantification of the thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, a potential biomarker for neurodegeneration. The estimated annual RNFL loss in multiple sclerosis amounts to 2 μm using time domain OCT. The recognition of measurement artifacts exceeding this limit is relevant for the successful use of OCT as a secondary outcome measure in clinical trials.

Management of retinal detachments in pseudophakic patients with Artisan lenses.

Purpose: To report the management and outcomes of retinal detachment repair in patients with Artisan intraocular lenses (IOLs) used for pseudophakic correction.

Setting: Two university-based referral centers.In this retrospective case-control study, all cases of retinal detachments in patients with an Artisan IOL used for pseudophakic correction were reviewed over 5 years at 2 university clinics.