Effect of Triticale Grain in Diets on Performance, Development of Gastrointestinal Tract and Microflora in Crop and Ileum of Broiler Chickens.

The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of the use of a diet containing 30% triticale grain. In an experiment lasting 28 days, 180 one-day Ross-308 chickens (sex ratio 1:1) with an average initial body weight in treatment of 44.6 g were randomly assigned to 30 metabolic cages/replications, 6 birds in each.

The Thyroid Hormone and Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Blood Serum and Thyroid Gland Morphology in Young Hens Fed with Different Diets, Sources, and Levels of Iodine Supply.

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the level (1, 3, and 5 mg I/kg) and source of iodine (KI, Ca(IO), and KIO) on thyroid hormone and immunoglobulin concentrations in the blood serum of laying hens alongside a histological picture of the thyroid. In the first, birds were fed grain-soybean meal mixtures, and in the second, two kinds of diets based on corn-soybean or corn-soybean-rapeseed meal were applied. In the experiments, we determined the levels of the blood serum thyroid hormones fT and fT, as well as the morphological structure of the thyroid gland.

Effect of Oat Hull as a Source of Insoluble Dietary Fibre on Changes in the Microbial Status of Gastrointestinal Tract in Broiler Chickens.

This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of oat hull (0−3%) and high amounts of cereal grains to the diet of broiler chickens in terms of the development of the upper gastrointestinal tract, individual microbial counts in the crop and ileum, and the effect of dietary fibre fractions on microbial changes from the beak to the ileum. In the 28 d trial, 162 one-day-old Hubbard Flex male chickens with an average body weight of 44.5 g were randomly allocated to 27 metabolic cages.

Antioxidative Characteristics of Chicken Breast Meat and Blood after Diet Supplementation with Carnosine, L-histidine, and β-alanine.

The objective of the study was to test the effect of diets supplemented with β-alanine, L-histidine, and carnosine on the histidine dipeptide content and the antioxidative status of chicken breast muscles and blood. One-day-old Hubbard Flex male chickens were assigned to five treatments: control diet (C) and control diet supplemented with 0.18% L-histidine (ExpH), 0.

Antioxidant status of turkey breast meat and blood after feeding a diet enriched with histidine.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 1) spray dried blood cells rich in histidine and 2) pure histidine added to feed on the antioxidant status and concentration of carnosine related components in the blood and breast meat of female turkeys. The experiment was performed on 168 Big7 turkey females randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments: control; control with the addition of 0.18% L-histidine (His); and control with the addition of spray dried blood cells (SDBC).

Lipid complex effect on fatty acid profile and chemical composition of cow milk and cheese.

The effect of administration of lipid complex (LC) on cow milk and cheese characteristics was studied. Lipid complex was elaborated based on grapeseed oil with synthesized conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and Atlantic mackerel oil enriched in n-3 fatty acids. The 4-wk experiment was conducted on 30 Polish Holstein Friesian cows.

Effect of various sources and levels of iodine, as well as the kind of diet, on the performance of young laying hens, iodine accumulation in eggs, egg characteristics, and morphotic and biochemical indices in blood.

Young hens were fed over a period of 150 d with 2 kinds of diets including corn and soybean meal or corn, soybean, and rapeseed meal. Diets were enriched with potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) as an I source in amounts equal to 1, 3, or 5 mg of supplemented I/kg of feed. The hen performance, egg quality, hematological and morphotic indices in blood, hepatic enzyme activity, lipid indices in blood serum as well as I accumulation in wet egg content were determined.

Influence of different histidine sources and zinc supplementation of broiler diets on dipeptide content and antioxidant status of blood and meat.

1. The objective of this study was to investigate how a diet containing spray-dried blood cells (SDBC) (4%) with or without zinc (Zn) would affect the concentration of two histidine heterodipeptides and the antioxidant status of broiler blood and breast muscles. 2.

Antioxidation status and histidine dipeptides content in broiler blood and muscles depending on protein sources in feed.

One-day-old chickens were fed mixtures containing different raw materials (fish by-products meal, porcine blood cells meal, blood meal, wheat gluten, fodder yeast), as a source of histidine and β-alanine - components of carnosine. Control birds were administered a feed mixture, in which soy bean meal was the main protein source. The bodyweight, feed consumption and conversion, antioxidant characteristics and histidine dipeptides content in blood and muscles, and also amino acid composition of chicken meat on day 34 post-hatch were recorded.

Chemical composition and biological value of spray dried porcine blood by-products and bone protein hydrolysate for young chickens.

The chemical composition of spray dried porcine blood by-products is characterised by wide variation in crude protein contents. In spray dried porcine blood plasma (SDBP) it varied between 670-780 g/kg, in spray dried blood cells (SDBC) between 830-930 g/kg, and in bone protein hydrolysate (BPH) in a range of 740-780 g/kg. Compared with fish meal, these feeds are poor in Met and Lys.

Use of spray-dried porcine blood by-products in diets for young chickens.

Spray-dried porcine blood plasma (SDBP) or blood cells (SDBC) at amounts of 20 or 40 g/kg were included to the feed mixtures that were given to young chickens within 1-28 (Exp. 1) or 1-30 (Exp. 2) days post-hatch.

Effect of sweet chestnut tannin (SCT) on the performance, microbial status of intestine and histological characteristics of intestine wall in chickens.

1. In experiments carried out with 950 one-day-old male chickens, the effect of tannin supplementation (0, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) on performance, microbial status of chickens small intestine and colon of 28- and 41-d-old chickens, as well as histological changes of jejunum walls at 41 d and carcase quality were determined. 2.

Effect of increased methionine level on performance and apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in ducks.

The experiment was conducted with 960 one-day-old ducklings fed mixtures (I control - 0.28% methionine) additionally supplemented with DL-methionine (DL-Met) at amounts: 0.03% (group II), 0.

Dynamics of yolk sac content absorption and intestine development in ducklings fed mixtures with increasing dietary methionine level.

The experiment was carried out with ducklings fed-control feed mixture (Met level 0.3%) and mixtures supplemented with dl-methionine at the dose of 0.03 (II); 0.

Use of active substances of plant origin in chicken diets based on maize and locally grown cereals.

1. A total of 336 Hubbard Hi-Y broiler hybrids were fed from d 1-41 on diets based on maize or wheat and barley which were supplemented (or not) with 100 mg/kg plant extract consisting of capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol. 2.

Dynamics of yolk sac resorption and post-hatching development of the gastrointestinal tract in chickens, ducks and geese.

Under similar environmental conditions, 100 male Shaver-Starbro hybrid chickens, 100 male Mulard cross-line ducklings and 100 male Landaise goslings kept in 30 metabolic cages from the first day of life (10 birds of each species separately per cage) were chosen for the study. The animals were fed semi ad libitum diets with crude protein content and energy density similar to that used for poultry species, avoiding feed residues. During the first 21 days of life they received starter diets and from day 22 to 42 grower diets.

Aspects of development of digestive activity of intestine in young chickens, ducks and geese.

The experiment comprised 100 chickens, 100 ducks and 100 geese fed diets based on mixed grains of maize, barley and wheat. Nutrient concentrations in the mixtures were in accordance with the requirements of poultry species. The birds were kept in metabolic cages from the 1st up to the 42nd day of life.

Digestibility and energy value of non-starch polysaccharides in young chickens, ducks and geese, fed diets containing high amounts of barley.

The purpose of the present investigation is to compare the ability of chickens, ducks and geese to digest and utilise a diet containing a relatively large amount of barley (40%) rich in beta-glucan (18 g kg(-1)) and NSP (137 g kg(-1)) of which 35 g kg(-1) were soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). The diets were offered to the birds (50 chickens, 40 ducks and 30 geese) in the period from hatching to 42 days of age. The digestibility of NSP was measured during the last week of the growth period using chromic oxide as an indigestible marker.

Development of the gastrointestinal tract and digestibility of dietary fibre and amino acids in young chickens, ducks and geese fed diets with high amounts of barley.

The experiment comprised of 50 chickens, 40 ducks and 30 geese fed a diet containing 40% barley. Birds were kept in metabolic cages from 1 to 42 days of age. A balance trial was carried out during the last week of the bird's life and the apparent digestibility of nutrients was determined.